간호학생의 임상실습에서의 외상 경험과 외상후 성장

Traumatic Experiences and Posttraumatic Growth of Nursing Students who were in the Clinical Training

Abstract

본 연구는 임상실습을 하는 간호학과 학생의 외상 경험과 외상 후 성장에 대해 조사한 연구이다. 자료수집 기간은 2017년 11월20일부터 12월20일까지였으며 대상자는 4개 간호학과에 재학 중으로 임상실습 경험이 1년 이상된 4학년 학생 490명이었다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN 25.0으로 t-test, ANOVA 및 $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test로 분석하였고, 외상경험은 내용분석법으로 분석하였다. 일상생활 중 외상경험을 한 경우는 26.5%였으나 임상실습 중 외상경험은 61.2%로 높았고, 외상 후 성장 점수는 5점 만점에 2.63점이었다. 외상경험 내용은 의료진의 폭력경험, 간호직에 대한 부정적 인식, 비교육적인 실습환경, 열악한 환경에서의 실습, 중증 환자 목격 등이 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 간호학과 학생의 외상 후 성장을 돕기 위한 임상실습교육 프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 활용 될 수 있다.

The purpose of this study was to explore traumatic experiences and posttraumatic growth of nursing students who were in clinical training. The data were collected from 490 nursing students at four nursing colleges with clinical training experience more than 1 year, from November 20th 2017 to December 20th. Collected data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program, and qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. 26.5% of the subjects had traumatic experiences in their daily life, 61.2% in the clinical practice. Their posttraumatic growth was scored 2.63 out of 5 on average. The contents of traumatic experiences were 'Violence experienced by medical staff','Negative perception of nursing care','Non-Educational Practical Environment' Clinical practice in a harsh environment, Witness of a serious patient, et al. The findings can be used as important basic data for the development of nursing practice education program for encouraging the posttraumatic growth of nursing students.

Table 1. Differences of post-traumatic growth according to subjects’ general characteristics

Table 2. The clinical training places of traumatic events

Table 3. Traumatic experiences of nursing students

Table 4. Traumatic experience contents of nursing students