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The Impacts of Perceived Stress and Empathy Ability on Altruistic Behavior of Freshman Nursing Students

간호대학 신입생의 지각된 스트레스와 공감능력이 이타행동에 미치는 영향

  • Nam, Jeong-Hui (Department of Nursing, Andong Science College) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Sook (College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 남정희 (안동과학대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 박현숙 (대구가톨릭대학교 간호대학&간호과학연구소)
  • Received : 2018.09.03
  • Accepted : 2018.11.02
  • Published : 2018.11.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the impacts of perceived stress and empathy ability on altruistic behavior of freshman nursing students. Data were collected from 160 freshman nursing students between 24 November and 9 December 2016. A total of 154 questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that perceived stress had significant negative correlations with altruistic behavior (r=-0.178, p=0.028) as did positive perception, a subfactor of perceived stress (r=-0.347, p<0.001). However, empathy ability was significantly positively correlated with altruistic behavior (r=0.607, p<0.001). The factors influencing altruistic behavior included emotional empathy, cognitive empathy and positive perception, with emotional empathy being the most influential factor (${\beta}=0.320$), followed by cognitive empathy (${\beta}=0.312$), which together had an explanatory power of 41.6%. Moreover, there was a mediating effect of empathy ability in the relationship between positive perception and altruistic behavior. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the management of curricula for nursing college students should search for ways to reduce their perceived stress as well as increase their empathy ability in order to improve their altruistic behavior.

본 연구는 간호대학 신입생의 지각된 스트레스와 공감능력이 이타행동에 미치는 영항을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료 수집은 2016년 11월 24일부터 12월 9일까지 160명의 간호대학 신입생을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 시행하였다. 설문에 응답한 154명의 자료를 이용하여 서술적 분석, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Stepwise multiple regression을 사용하여 분석하였다. 지각된 스트레스는 이타행동과 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었고(r=-.178, p=.028), 지각된 스트레스의 하부요인 중 긍정적 지각과도 유의한 부적 상관관계를 보였으나(r=-.347, p<.001) 공감능력은 이타행동과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다(r=.607, p<.001). 이타행동에 영향을 미치는 요인은 정서적 공감, 인지적 공감 및 긍정적 지각이었으며, 이 중 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 정서적 공감(${\beta}=.320$)이었고, 다음으로 인지적 공감(${\beta}=.312$)이었으며, 이들 변인의 이타행동에 대한 설명력은 41.6%였다. 또한 긍정적 지각과 이타행동 간의 관계에서 공감능력은 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 이타행동을 향상시키기 위해서는 교육과정 운영에 있어 공감능력 향상과 더불어 지각된 스트레스 감소를 위한 방안 모색이 필요하다.

Keywords

Table 1. General characteristics

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Levels of perceived stress, empathy ability, and altruistic behavior

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Differences of altruistic behavior according to general characteristics

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Correlations between perceived stress, empathy ability, and altruistic behavior

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Influencing factors to altruistic behavior

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Mediating effect of empathy ability between perceived stress and altruistic behavior

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n11_653_t0006.png 이미지

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