Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers (대한전기학회)
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Design and Control Method of ZVT Interleaved Bidirectional LDC for Mild-Hybrid Electric Vehicle

  • Lee, Soon-Ryung (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Young (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Jung, Won-Sang (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Won, Il-Kwon (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Bae, Joung-Hwan (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Won, Chung-Yuen (Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • Received : 2017.05.18
  • Accepted : 2017.09.01
  • Published : 2018.01.01
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Abstract

In this paper, design and control method ZVT Interleaved Bidirectional LDC(IB-LDC) for mild-hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. The IB-LDC is composed of interleaved buck and boost converters employing an auxiliary inductor and auxiliary capacitors to achieve zero-voltage-transition. Operating principle of IB-LDC according to operation mode is introduced and mathematically analyzed in buck and boost mode. Moreover, PFM and phase control are proposed to reduce circulating current for low power range. Passive components design such as main inductor, auxiliary inductor and capacitors is suggested, considering ZVT condition and maximizing efficiency. Furthermore, a 600W prototype of ZVT IB-LDC for MHEVs is built and tested to verify validity.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Speed profile of vehicle in urban area

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Fig. 2. IB-LDC for MHEVs

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Fig. 3. Equivalent circuit diagrams of buck and boost mode

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Fig. 4. Key waveforms of buck mode operation

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Fig. 5. Key waveforms of boost mode operation

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Fig. 6. Waveform of the auxiliary inductor and outputcurrent

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Fig. 7. Switching frequency variation depending on dutyand output power

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Fig. 8. Key waveforms of zero-current mode

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Fig. 9. Equivalent circuit diagrams of zero-current mode

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Fig. 10. Control block diagram of ZVT IB-LDC forMHEVs

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Fig. 11. Inductance variation with respect to fs

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Fig. 12. Current waveforms of main and auxiliary inductor

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Fig. 13. Switch of current and voltage

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Fig. 14. Resonant voltage variation depending on La and Ca

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Fig. 15. The switching loss of ZVT IB-LDC

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Fig. 16. The current shape flowing the switches

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Fig. 17. The ratio of loss in MOSFET switches

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Fig. 18. Experimental set for ZVT IB-LDC

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Fig. 19. Experimental waveforms in buck mode operation.(a) Gate signals G1 and G2, switch currents is1 andis2. (b) Gate signals Vgs1 and Vgs2, switch voltagesvs1 and vs2. (c)Gate signal Vgs1, switch voltage vs1,output current IL1 and auxiliary inductor currentiLa. (d) Output currents IL1, IL2 and current ofauxiliary inductor iLa

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Fig. 20. Experimental waveforms in boost mode operation.(a) Gate signals G1 and G2, switch currents is1 andis2. (b) Gate signals Vgs1 and Vgs2, switch voltagesvs1 and vs2. (c) Gate signal vgs1, switch voltage vs1,output current IL1 and auxiliary inductor currentiLa. (d) Output currents IL1, IL2 and current ofauxiliary inductor iLa

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Fig. 21. Experimental waveforms in zero-current operation.(a) Zero-current mode without phase control. (b)Zero-current mode with phase control

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Fig. 22. Measured efficiency at different output powers

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Fig. 23. The losses of conventional IB-LDC

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Fig. 24. The losses of ZVT IB-LDC with PFM

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Fig. 25. The total loss of conventional and ZVT IB-LDCwith PFM

Table 1. Experiment parameters

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