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A Studies on the Bio-monitoring using Shell Valve Movements (SVMs) of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas for Toxic Dinoflagellates, Genus Alexandrium

참굴, Crassostrea gigas의 패각운동을 이용한 유독와편모조 Alexandrium 속의 모니터링 연구

  • Kim, Yoon Jeong (Dept. of Enviromental Oceanography of Graduate school, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yoon, Yang Ho (Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University)
  • 김윤정 (전남대학교 대학원 해양환경학과) ;
  • 윤양호 (전남대학교 해양기술학부)
  • Received : 2017.08.31
  • Accepted : 2017.11.03
  • Published : 2017.11.30
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Abstract

We investigated the possibility of a bio-monitoring system for predicting toxic dinoflagellates (Genus Alexandrium) by the measuring shell valve movements(SVMs) of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca: Bivalvia) using the Hall element sensor. We then described the SVMs of Pacific oyster exposed to the toxic algae under laboratory conditions. Pacific oyster used for experiment were fed Isochrysis galbana until they stabilized and kept under hunger conditions for three days to prevent the influence of food before the experiment. Pacific oyster were exposed to the toxic dinoflagellate, A. fundyense, and the potentially toxic dinoflagellate, A. affine. When Pacific oyster were exposed to A. fundyense, SVMs increased over 10 times/hr at low cell densities of 20 cells/mL. SVMs increased again at $14.1{\pm}5.7times/hr$ at 500 cells/mL, and $27.9{\pm}11.1times/hr$ at the high cell density of 5,000 cells/mL. However, in the presence of A. affine, SVMs increased at $6.7{\pm}3.9times/hr$ until 300 cells/mL, while they increased greatly to $15.3{\pm}10.8times/hr$ at 1,000 cells/mL. The SVMs of Pacific oyster indicated differences depending on species for toxic dinoflagellates. Therefore, the SVMs of Pacific oyster could be useful for A. fundyense, but would bedifficult to apply for A. affine.

참굴(Crassostrea gigas)의 패각운동을 이용하여 Alexandrium 속의 조기 출현모니터링 가능성을 고찰하였다. 지구규모에서 패류독화를 발생시키는 A. fundyense와 잠재적 유독종으로 알려진 A. affine를 이용하여 홀 소자센서(Hall element sensor)를 사용하여 참굴의 패각운동(SVMs)을 측정하였다. 참굴은 Isocrysis galbana를 먹이생물로 하여 안정화 시킨 다음 3일간 절식 시킨 후 실험에 제공하였다. 결과 참굴은 A. fundyense에 대해 세포밀도 20 cells/mL에서 SVMs 횟수가 $10.5{\pm}1.2times/hr$로 증가하여 민감하게 반응하였고, 세포밀도 500 cells/mL에서 재차 $14.1{\pm}5.7times/h$, 5,000 cells/mL에서 $27.9{\pm}11.1times/hr$로 SVMs가 급격한 증가를 보였다. 그러나 A. affine에 대해서는 세포밀도가 300 cells/mL까지 $6.7{\pm}3.9times/hr$로 기준 SVMs와 유사하였고, 세포밀도 1,000 cells/mL 이상에서 $15.3{\pm}10.8times/hr$로 급격히 증가하였다. 즉 A. fundyense는 20 cells/mL에서부터 참굴의 SVMs가 민감하게 반응하였지만, A. affine는 높은 1,000 cells/mL의 세포밀도에서 SVMs가 반응하였다. 이러한 결과에서 유독와편모조에 대한 참굴의 SVMs는 종에 따른 차이가 있어, A. fundyense의 초기발생 예보에는 유용하게 활용 가능하지만, A. affine에 응용하는 것은 어렵다는 결론을 얻었다.

Keywords

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