CFD Simulation of the AII-Room for Preventing Spread of the Air-Borne Infection in Hospital

원내 공기감염 확산 방지를 위한 격리병실의 CFD 해석

The present study is a foundational study for performance improvements on isolation wards to prevent proliferation of secondary infection of infectious diseases such as SARS, H1N1, and MERS inside hospitals. Accordingly, the present study conducted an analysis of the effect of sealing mechanisms and filling of openings on ensuring air tightness performance in isolation wards as well as simulation on air currents in improved isolation wards. The study method is as follows: first, previous studies on aerial infection types and mechanisms were reviewed and the review results were utilized as basic data for analysis of the simulation of air currents. Second, national and international legislations and regulations in relation to isolation wards as well as case studies on developed nations were investigated in order to identify the problems in isolation wards in Korea and improvement plans. Third, construction and facility plans were compared and analyzed between general and isolation wards focusing on large general hospitals in Korea thereby conducting comparison and analysis on the performance and effects of air-tightness of general and isolation wards through simulations(CFD). Fourth, an analysis on air currents in isolation wards specified in mandatory legislation (draft) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare such as fulfillment of isolation ward requirements including negative pressure isolation wards, areas of ward and intensive care units, and ensuring separation distance between sickbeds was conducted. The study result showed that isolation wards had better air-tightness performance than that of general wards and parallel bed layout was better than serial bed layout in terms of aerial infection substance proliferation. In addition, when a separation distance between sickbeds was 2m or wider, the risk of aerial infection became significantly lower.