Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
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Characteristics on Chemical Activation and VOCs Adsorption of Activated Carbon according to Mixing Ratio of Anthracite and Lignite

활성탄 제조시 유·무연탄 혼합에 따른 화학적 활성화 및 휘발성유기화합물 흡착 특성

  • Cho, Joon-Hyung (Division of Creative Low Impact Development and Management for Ocean Port City Infrastructures, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Sung-Kyu (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Min-Kyoung (Department of Environmental Chemistry, Korea Polytachnic VII Collage) ;
  • Cho, Kuk (Department of Environmental Chemistry, Korea Polytachnic VII Collage) ;
  • Oh, Kwang-Joong (Department of Environmental Chemistry, Korea Polytachnic VII Collage)
  • 조준형 (부산대학교 창의적 해양항만도시 인프라 저영향개발 및 관리체계 구축사업단) ;
  • 강성규 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 강민경 (한국폴리텍VII대학 에너지환경과) ;
  • 조국 (한국폴리텍VII대학 에너지환경과) ;
  • 오광중 (한국폴리텍VII대학 에너지환경과)
  • Received : 2017.10.25
  • Accepted : 2017.11.05
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

In this study, to improve the low surface area of domestic anthracite as raw materials of activated carbon, characteristics on chemical activation and VOCs adsorption of activated carbon according to mixing ratio of anthracite and lignite. For these, properties of raw materials, parameter characteristics of preparation processes for activated carbon, and VOCs adsorption characteristic of the prepared activated carbon are analyzed. The experimental results showed that, the domestic anthracite had disadvantages of high contents for ash and lead, arsenic, which were exceeded for the heavy metal limits, in the properties of raw materials. To improve these diadvantages, using the mixing ratio of anthracite and lignite, and the optimum conditions for pretreatment, activation, washing, and pellitization process, the activated carbon had a range of BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area of $1,154{\sim}1,420m^2g^{-1}$ with mesopore development and hydrophobic surface property. The carbons were satisfied with the quality standard for granular activated carbon, and had similar physicochemical properties with the commercial activated carbon. The minimum mixing condition for commercial VOCs activated carbon performance must have the caloric value of above $5,640kcal\;kg^{-1}$, and the carbon had higher adsorption capacity with order of xylene > toluene > benzene according to more higher molcular weight and hydrophobic property.

본 연구에서는 활성탄 원료로서 국내산 무연탄의 낮은 비표면적을 향상시키기 위해 유 무연탄 혼합에 따른 화학적 활성화 및 휘발성유기화합물 흡착특성 연구를 수행하였으며, 이를 위해 원료 물성, 활성탄 제조공정별 특성, 제조 활성탄의 휘발성 유기화합물 흡착성능이 분석되었다. 실험결과, 삼성분 항목 중 높은 회분함량과 기준을 초과한 납, 비소 중금속이 국내산 원료의 단점으로 나타났다. 단점 개선을 위해 유 무연탄을 혼합하고, 전처리, 활성화, 세척, 조립 공정의 최적 조건을 도출하여 비표면적 $1,154{\sim}1,420m^2g^{-1}$의 중간세공이 발달한 소수성의 활성탄을 제조할 수 있었으며, 모든 품질규격기준을 만족하였고, 상용활성탄과 유사한 물리화학적 특성을 나타내었다. 벤젠, 자일렌, 톨루엔 흡착에 상용 성능을 위한 원료 혼합조건은 최소 $5,640kcal\;kg^{-1}$ 이상의 발열량이 필요하며, 자일렌 > 톨루엔 > 벤젠의 순서로 흡착성능이 우수한 것으로 보아 상대적으로 분자량이 크고 소수성이 강한 휘발성 유기화합물에 대하여 우수한 흡착성능을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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