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The Influence of the Commercial Flame Retardant to the Physical and Chemical Properties of Dancheong Pigments

시판용 방염제 도포에 의한 단청안료의 물리화학적 변화 연구

  • Lee, Han Hyoung (Traditional Technique and Material Bank, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Jin Gyu (Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Hwa Soo (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Ha Rim (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Chung, Yong Jae (Department of Heritage Conservation & Restoration, Graduate School of Convergence Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Do Rae (BookChon Buddhist Art Conservation Lab) ;
  • Han, Gyu Seong (Department of Wood and Paper Science, Chungbuk National University)
  • 이한형 (한국전통문화대학교 전통기술소재은행) ;
  • 김진규 (한국과학기술연구원) ;
  • 이화수 (한국전통문화대학교 기술과학대학 보존과학과) ;
  • 이하림 (한국전통문화대학교 기술과학대학 보존과학과) ;
  • 정용재 (한국전통문화대학교 문화유산융합대학원 수리복원학과) ;
  • 김도래 (북촌불교미술보존연구소) ;
  • 한규성 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 목재종이과학과)
  • Received : 2016.05.13
  • Accepted : 2016.06.17
  • Published : 2016.06.20

Abstract

Effect of the flame retardants on Dancheong is studied in the present work. Two kinds of flame retardants were applied on Dancheong specimens and compared with control groups on which distilled water was applied instead of the flame retardants. The flame retardants enhanced the hygroscopic property of the surface of Dancheong. Furthermore, the added flame retardants reacted with oyster shell white($CaCO_3$) and lead red($Pb_3O_4$), producing new chemical compounds like Calcium phosphate tribasic and Lead Phosphates which make the painted layer of Dancheong dissolving and whitening over certain period of time. When applied in excessive amount and exposed in repetitive wet and dry condition, especially, they aggravate the surface problems significantly. These results will provide a good reference on the study of the discoloring/whitening effect of Dancheong layers at many traditional wooden building in Korea.

단청안료에 대한 방염제의 영향을 연구하기 위하여 시판되는 방염제 2종을 도포한 단청 의사시편을 제작하고 방염제 도포에 따른 물리 화학적 변화를 증류수를 도포한 대조군과 비교하여 연구하였다. 그 결과 2종의 방염제는 인산이온을 함유한 인산염계 방염제로서 단청표면에서 흡습을 증가시켜 젖음 현상을 두드러지게 하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 X선회절분석과 적외선분광분석을 통하여 확인한 결과 단청안료 중 호분(합분, $CaCO_3$)과 장단($Pb_3O_4$)이 이들 방염제에 함유된 인산염과 반응하여 제삼인산칼슘과 인산납계열의 화합물을 형성하면서 안료층의 용해와 백화현상 등이 발생되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 기준량을 초과하여 방염제를 도포할 경우, 습-건 환경이 반복됨에 따라 문제현상이 심각한 수준으로 발전될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 현장조사결과와 비교하여 방염제에 의한 단청변색 및 백화발생의 원인을 규명하는데 이용될 예정이다.

Keywords

References

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