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Study of Noncontact Condition Diagnosis on Painting with Terahertz Waves

테라헤르츠파를 이용한 회화문화재 상태진단 적용연구

  • Baek, Na Yeon (Department of Heritage Conservation & Restoration, Graduate School of Convergence Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kang, Dai Ill (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Ha, Tae Woo (Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Department of Physics, Yonsei University) ;
  • Sim, Kyung Ik (Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Department of Physics, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Ho Won (Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Department of Physics, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Jae Hoon (Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Department of Physics, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Han Hyoung (Traditional Technique and Material Bank, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
  • 백나연 (한국전통문화대학교 문화유산융합대학원 수리복원학과) ;
  • 강대일 (한국전통문화대학교 기술과학대학 보존과학과) ;
  • 하태우 (연세대학교 물리학과) ;
  • 심경익 (연세대학교 물리학과) ;
  • 이호원 (연세대학교 물리학과) ;
  • 김재훈 (연세대학교 물리학과) ;
  • 이한형 (한국전통문화대학교 전통기술소재은행)
  • Received : 2016.05.13
  • Accepted : 2016.06.16
  • Published : 2016.06.20

Abstract

Conventional imaging techniques such as ultraviolet, infrared, and X-ray are used mainly to diagnose the damaged parts of the painted cultural assets in Korea. These techniques, however, have limits in diagnosing damages of interlayer parts. We have performed and extensive study on the applicability of Terahertz(THz) analysis technique, introduced recently to this field of study on cultural properties in Korea, to diagnose painted cultural assets. The specimens, produced to imitate the damage types of Korean painted properties, were analyzed over their painting, supporting, and backing layers by terahertz pulse imaging technique. The analyzed results provided information about the cracks, the separated areas, and the separated distances between layers on the specimens. Our research, then, was extended to real painted cultural remains, Birojana Sam-shin Gwebul-do at Bongseon Temple in Namyang-ju, Korea National Treasure Number 1792, through which we have obtained 3D information about the extent and pattern of damages to the asset. These results demonstrate that terahertz 3D imaging technique has the capability of noncontact 3D diagnosis on painted cultural properties.

회화문화재의 손상상태를 진단하기 위하여 현재까지 국내에서는 육안관찰, 적외선 촬영, X선 촬영 등이 활용되고 있으나 표면에서 확인되지 않는 하부층의 손상상태에 대한 3차원적 정보획득에는 한계점이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 최근 우리나라에서 문화재 분야에 막 응용되기 시작한 테라헤르츠 분광분석기술을 회화문화재 상태진단에 적용하는 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 우리나라 회화문화재의 손상양상을 고려한 의사시편을 제작하고 테라헤르츠 반사펄스 이미징기술을 적용하여 채색층 하부의 바탕층 및 배접층의 손상에 대한 정보 획득을 시도하였다. 그 결과 바탕층과 배접층의 균열, 층위 간 이격, 이격의 범위와 정도에 대한 정보획득이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 의사시편에서 얻어진 결과를 바탕으로 실제 회화문화재인 보물 제1792호 남양주 봉선사 비로자나삼신괘불도에 대하여 테라헤르츠 이미징기술을 적용한 결과, 유물의 3차원적 손상 형태와 손상 정도에 대한 정보를 획득할 수 있었다. 이는 비파괴, 비접촉식의 테라헤르츠 이미징기술이 우리나라 회화문화재의 3차원 손상상태 진단에 활용될 수 있음을 확인시켜 주는 결과이다.

Keywords

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