The Journal of the Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회논문지)

The Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회)
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Effects of Active and Passive Distraction Intervention on Pain Responses of Preschool Children during Immunization

능동적 및 수동적 관심전환 중재가 예방접종 시 학령전기 아동의 통증반응에 미치는 효과

  • 임은선 (전남과학대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 김진선 (조선대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2016.08.26
  • Accepted : 2016.11.07
  • Published : 2016.12.28
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Abstract

The purposes of this study were to identify the effects of distraction strategies compared to usual pain management, and to compare the effects of passive and active distraction on pain responses of preschool children during immunization. A quasi experimental with non-equivalent control group posttest design was used. Participants for each group were 30 preschool children who visited a pediatric clinic to have influenza immunization. Children in experimental groups selected one of two distraction types. Pain responses were measured by children, parents, and researcher. Pain responses by children, parents, and researcher during immunization were significantly different between groups. Children in passive or active distraction group were more distracted than children in control group. Moreover, self-reported pain response by children($2.70{\pm}0.88$) and researcher($12.97{\pm}2.39$) in active group were higher than pain scores by children($2.27{\pm}0.64$) and researcher($10.63{\pm}1.65$) in passive group. Results of this study identified that distraction intervention is an effective method for decreasing pain responses in preschool children during immunization. Passive distraction is more effective than active distraction. Use of distraction strategies during immunization should be facilitated. Further research comparing distraction strategies by types and forms is needed.

본 연구는 예방접종을 위해 병원을 방문한 학령전기 아동을 대상으로 관심전환 중재를 제공하고, 중재가 그들의 통증반응에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 시도되었다. 실험 1군에는 수동적 관심전환 중재(만화 동영상)를, 실험 2군은 능동적 관심전환 중재(상호작용이 가능한 장난감)를 제공한 후 일상적인 통증관리 이외에 관심전환 중재를 제공하지 않은 대조군과 비교한 비동등성 대조군 사후설계를 이용한 유사실험연구이다. 자료는 2014년 10월 22일부터 11월 5일까지 집단 별로 30명씩 수집하였고, 통증반응은 아동, 부모 및 연구자에 의해 측정되었다. 연구 결과 관심전환 중재를 제공받은 실험군(수동적 관심전환 중재군, 능동적 관심전환 중재군)과 대조군은 아동이 자가보고한 통증반응(F=68.92, p=< .001), 부모가 지각한 아동의 통증반응(F=42.63, p=< .001) 및 연구자가 관찰한 아동의 통증반응(F=114.56, p=< .001)에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 실험 집단 간에도 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 관심전환 중재가 학령전기 아동의 예방접종과 관련된 통증을 경감시키는 데 효과적인 중재이고, 수동적 방법이 능동적 방법보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 추후 연구에서는 관심전환 중재 및 관심전환 중재물의 형태에 따른 효과를 검증하기 위한 반복연구가 요구된다.

Keywords

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