Weed & Turfgrass Science

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
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Establishing Effective Screening Methodology for Novel Herbicide Substances from Metagenome

신규 제초활성 물질 발굴을 위한 메타게놈 스크리닝 방법 연구

  • Lee, Boyoung (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Choi, Ji Eun (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Young Sook (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Song, Jae Kwang (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Ko, Young Kwan (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Choi, Jung Sup (Eco-friendly and New materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • 이보영 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 최지은 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 김영숙 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 송재광 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 고영관 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 최정섭 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터)
  • Received : 2015.06.05
  • Accepted : 2015.06.15
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

Metagenomics is a powerful tool to isolate novel biocatalyst and biomolecules directly from the environmental DNA libraries. Since the metagenomics approach bypasses cultivation of microorganisms, un-cultured microorganisms that are majority of exists can be the richest reservoir for natural products discovery. To discover novel herbicidal substances from soil metagenome, we established three easy, simple and effective high throughput screening methods such as cucumber cotyledon leaf disc assay, microalgae assay and seed germination assay. Employing the methods, we isolated two active single clones (9-G1 and 9-G12) expressing herbicidal activity which whitened leaf discs, inhibited growth of microalgae and inhibited root growth of germinated Arabidopsis seeds. Spraying butanol fraction of the isolated active clones' culture broth led to growth retardation or desiccation of Digitalia sanguinalis (L) Scop. in vivo. These results represent that the screening methods established in this study are useful to screen herbicidal substances from metagenome libraries. Further identifying molecular structure of the herbicidal active substances and analyzing gene clusters encoding synthesis systems for the active substances are in progress.

메타게놈(metagenome)은 연구실에서 배양이 불가능한 미생물을 포함한 자연계에 존재하는 미생물의 유전자를 직접 연구하는 학문분야이다. 지구상 거의 모든 자연, 인공 환경에서 살고 있는 미생물 DNA를 분리 정제하는 것이 가능하며, 재조합 DNA 기술 등을 이용하여 배양 가능한 숙주미생물에 메타지놈을 클로닝함으로서 메타지놈 라이브러리를 제작할 수 있다. 최근 메타게노믹스를 통하여 자연계에 존재하고 있는 대다수의 미생물들이 실험실에서 배양되지 않았던 이유를 구명할 수 있게 되었고, 그들이 가지고 있는 생태학적인 의미와 역할에 대한 이해와 더불어 점차 그 응용 분야와 범위도 확대되고 있다. 이와 같은 메타게놈의 응용 분야 확대의 한 방안으로 본 연구에서는 새로운 제초활성 물질 및 제초활성 물질 생산에 필요한 유전자를 확보하기 위해 메타게놈 라이브러리를 대상으로 오이 떡잎절편 검정, 미세조류 생장저해 검정, 종자발아 저해 검정의 HTS (high throughput screening) 시스템을 구축하였고, 구축된 시스템으로부터 선발된 최종 단일 클론인 9-G1과 9-G12의 바랭이에 대한 in vivo assay를 통해 본 연구에서 개발한 HTS 시스템의 유효성을 확인 하였다. 후속연구로서 활성단일클론이 만들어내는 제초활성물질의 동정 및 제초활성물질을 합성하는 유전자군에 대한 연구를 수행 중에 있다.

Keywords

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