Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Carbon Reduction Effects of Urban Landscape Trees and Development of Quantitative Models - For Five Native Species -

도시 조경수의 탄소저감 효과와 계량모델 개발 - 5개 향토수종을 대상으로 -

  • Jo, Hyun-Kil (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Young (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Hye-Mi (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2014.06.17
  • Accepted : 2014.09.03
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

This study generated regression models to quantify storage and annual uptake of carbon from five native landscape tree species through a direct harvesting method, and established essential information to estimate carbon reduction effects from urban greenspaces. Tree species for the study included the Chionanthus retusus, Prunus armeniaca, Abies holophylla, Cornus officinalis, and Taxus cuspidata, which are usually planted in cities of middle Korea, but for which no information on carbon reduction is available. Ten tree individuals for each species were sampled reflecting various stem diameter sizes at a given interval. The study measured biomass for each part including the roots of sample trees to compute total carbon storage per tree. The annual carbon uptake per tree was quantified by analyzing the radial growth rates of stem samples at breast height or ground level. Regression models were developed using diameter at breast height (dbh) or ground level (dg) as an independent variable to easily estimate storage and annual uptake of carbon per tree for each species. All the regression models showed high fitness with $r^2$ values of 0.92~0.99. Storage and annual uptake of carbon from a tree with dbh of 10 cm were greatest with C. retusus (20.0 kg and 5.9 kg/yr, respectively), followed by P. armeniaca (17.5 kg and 4.5 kg/yr) and A. holophylla (13.2kg and 1.8 kg/yr) in order. A C. officinalis tree and T. cuspidata tree with dg of 10 cm stored 9.3 and 6.3 kg of carbon and annually sequestered 3.2 and 0.6 kg, respectively. The above-mentioned carbon storage equaled the amount of carbon emitted from gasoline consumption of about 23~35 L for C. retusus, P. armeniaca, and A. holophylla, and 11~16 L for C. officinalis and T. cuspidata. A tree with the diameter size of 10 cm annually offset carbon emissions from gasoline use of about 6~10 L for C. retusus, P. armeniaca, and C. officinalis, and 1~3 L for A. holophylla and T. cuspidata. The study breaks new ground to easily quantify biomass and carbon reduction for the tree species by overcoming difficulties in direct cutting and root digging of urban landscape trees.

본 연구는 중부지방 도시에 흔히 식재하는 5개의 향토 조경수종을 대상으로, 직접수확법을 통해 수종별 탄소의 저장 및 연간 흡수를 용이하게 산정하는 계량모델을 제시하고, 도시녹지의 탄소저감 효과를 계량화하는데 필요한 기반정보를 구축하였다. 연구대상 수종은 탄소저감 관련 정보가 전무한 이팝나무, 살구나무, 전나무, 산수유, 주목 등이었다. 유목에서 성목에 이르는 일정 간격의 줄기 직경 크기를 고려하여 수종별로 10개체씩, 총 50개체의 수목을 구입하였다. 그리고, 근굴취를 포함하는 직접수확법에 의해 개체당 부위별 및 전체 생체량을 산정하고 탄소저장량을 산출하였다. 수종에 따라 흉고직경 또는 근원직경 부위의 줄기 원판을 채취하여, 직경생장을 분석하고 연간 탄소흡수량을 산정하였다. 직경을 독립변수로 생장에 따른 수종별 단목의 탄소저장 및 연간 탄소흡수를 산출하는 활용 용이한 계량모델을 유도하였다. 이들 회귀식의 $r^2$은 0.92~0.99로서 적합도가 높았다. 흉고직경 10cm인 단목의 탄소저장량 및 연간 탄소흡수량은 이팝나무가 각각 20.0kg/주 및 5.9kg/주/년으로서 가장 많았고, 다음으로 살구나무 17.5kg/주 및 4.5kg/주/년, 전나무 13.2kg/주 및 1.8kg/주/년 등의 순이었다. 근원직경 10cm인 산수유와 주목의 경우는 각각 9.3kg/주 및 3.2kg/주/년, 6.3kg/주 및 0.6kg/주/년이었다. 이 탄소저장량은 이팝나무, 살구나무 및 전나무의 경우 23~35L의 휘발유 소비, 그리고 산수유 및 주목은 11~16L의 휘발유 소비로부터 배출되는 탄소량에 상당하였다. 또한, 상기한 직경의 이팝나무, 살구나무 및 산수유 한 그루는 6~10L의 휘발유 소비, 그리고 전나무와 주목의 경우는 1~3L의 휘발유 소비로부터 배출되는 탄소량을 해마다 상쇄하는 역할을 담당하였다. 본 연구는 도시 조경수의 직접 벌목과 근굴취의 난이성을 극복하므로써, 대상 수종의 생체량을 포함하는 탄소저감을 용이하게 계량화하기 위한 새로운 초석을 마련하였다.

Keywords

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