Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Characteristics of Coal Slurry Gasification under Partial Slagging Operating Condition

부분 용융 운전 조건에서 석탄슬러리 가스화 운전 특성

  • Lee, Jin Wook (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Chung, Seok Woo (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Lee, Seung Jong (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Jung, Woohyun (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Byun, Yong Soo (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Hwang, Sang Yeon (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Jeon, Dong Hwan (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Ryu, Sang Oh (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Lee, Ji Eun (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Jeong, Ki Jin (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Kim, Jin Ho (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Yun, Yongseung (Plant Engineering Division, Institute for Advanced Engineering)
  • 이진욱 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 정석우 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 이승종 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 정우현 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 변용수 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 황상연 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 전동환 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 류상오 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 이지은 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 정기진 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 김진호 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부) ;
  • 윤용승 (고등기술연구원 플랜트엔지니어링본부)
  • Received : 2014.02.28
  • Accepted : 2014.08.02
  • Published : 2014.10.01
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Abstract

Coal gasification technology is considered as next generation clean coal technology even though it uses coal as fuel which releases huge amount of greenhouse gas because it has many advantages for carbon capture. Coal or pet-coke slurry gasification is very attractive technology at present and in the future because of its low construction cost and flexibility of slurry feeding system in spite of lower efficiency compared to dry feeding technology. In this study, we carried out gasification experiment using bituminous coal slurry sample by integrating coal slurry feeding facility and slurry burner into existing dry feeding compact gasifier. Especially, our experiment was conducted under fairly lower operation temperature than that of existing entrained-bed gasifier, resulting in partial slagging operation mode in which only part of ash was converted to slag and the rest of ash was released as fly ash. Carbon conversion rate was calculated from data analysis of collected slag and ash, and then cold gas efficiency, which is the most important indicator of gasifier performance, was estimated by carbon mass balance method. Fairly high performance considering pilot-scale experiment, 98.5% of carbon conversion and 60.4% of cold gas efficiency, was achieved. In addition, soundness of experimental result was verified from the comparison with chemical equilibrium composition and energy balance calculations.

석탄가스화 기술은 온실가스 배출이 많은 석탄을 사용하지만 이산화탄소 포집에 유리한 장점이 있어서 차세대 석탄활용 기술로 주목받고 있다. 석탄 또는 펫코크 슬러리를 이용하는 습식 가스화 기술은 건식 기술에 비하여 효율이 낮지만 낮은 건설비와 슬러리 공급 유연성 등의 장점으로 인하여 현재는 물론 미래에도 여전히 매력적인 기술로 인식될 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 역청탄을 슬러리화한 시료를 사용하고, 기존의 건식 석탄가스화기에 석탄슬러리 공급장치와 슬러리 공급 버너를 연계하여 가스화 실험을 수행하였다. 기존의 분류층 가스화기의 운전온도보다는 비교적 낮은 온도에서 운전을 수행하여 일부의 회재만이 슬랙으로 전환되고 나머지는 비산재로 배출되는 부분 용융형 가스화 운전을 수행하였다. 운전 종료 후 슬랙과 비산재를 포집하여 탄소전환율을 계산하였고, 탄소 질량 정산 방법을 적용하여 가스화 운전 성능을 나타내는 가장 중요한 지표인 냉가스효율을 계산하였다. 탄소전환율과 냉가스효율은 약 98.5% 및 60.4% 수준으로서 파일롯급 플랜트에서의 실험 결과임을 고려하면 비교적 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 실험 결과와 화학적 평형상태 계산 결과를 서로 비교하고 에너지 정산을 통하여 실험 결과의 건전성을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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