대한기계학회논문집B (Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B)

  • 제38권6호
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  • Pages.501-511
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  • 2014
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  • 1226-4881(pISSN)
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  • 2288-5324(eISSN)
대한기계학회 (The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers)
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바이오 오일-에탄올 혼합 연료의 고압축비 디젤엔진에서의 연소 및 배기특성

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of High-Compression-Ratio Diesel Engine Fueled with Bio Oil-Ethanol Blended Fuel

  • 김태영 (한국기계연구원 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 이석환 (한국기계연구원 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 장영운 (한국기계연구원 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 김호승 (가천대학교 대학원 기계공학과) ;
  • 강건용 (한국기계연구원 그린동력연구실)
  • Kim, Tae Young (Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials,) ;
  • Lee, Seok Hwan (Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials,) ;
  • Jang, Young Woon (Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials,) ;
  • Kim, Ho Seung (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon Univ.) ;
  • Kang, Kern Yong (Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials,)
  • 투고 : 2014.01.22
  • 심사 : 2014.04.05
  • 발행 : 2014.06.01
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초록

바이오매스 원료로부터 급속열분해 반응을 통하여 생산되는 바이오 오일은 화석연료를 대체할 수 있는 잠재력을 가지고 있다. 하지만, 바이오 오일은 에너지 밀도와 세탄가가 낮고 점성도가 높은 연료의 한계성이 있으므로 디젤엔진에 적용하기에는 제한적이다. 따라서, 안정적인 연소를 얻기 위해서는 바이오 오일을 세탄가가 높은 연료와 유화하거나 혼합하여 사용하여야 한다. 하지만 바이오 오일과 화석연료는 극성이 달라서 서로 혼합되지 않으며 가장 손쉽게 혼합되는 연료는 알코올계 연료이다. 본 연구에서는 바이오 오일의 연료특성을 향상시키기 위하여 에탄올 연료와 혼합하였으며, 연료의 자발화 특성을 향상시키기 위하여 세탄가 향상제인 PEG 400, 2-EHN 도 첨가하였다. 또한 최대 15%의 바이오 오일이 혼합된 혼합연료를 디젤엔진에서 안정적으로 연소시키기 위하여 고압축비 피스톤도 적용하였다.

Bio-oil derived from biomass through fast pyrolysis process has the potential to displace a significant amount of petroleum fuels. However, the use of bio-oil in a diesel engine is very limited because of its poor properties, e.g., its low energy density, low cetane number, and high viscosity. Therefore, bio-oil should be emulsified or blended with other fuels that have high centane numbers. Because bio-oil has poor miscibility with petroleum fuels, the most suitable candidate fuels for direct mixing are alcohol fuels. In this study, bio-oil was blended with ethanol, and two types of cetane improvers were added to a blended fuel to improve the self-ignition property. The two types of cetane improvers, PEG 400 and 2-EHN, made it possible for bio-oil blended fuels to combust in a diesel engine with a maximum bio-oil content of 15 wt%. A high-compression-ratio piston is also proposed for the combustion of bio-oil in a diesel engine.

키워드

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