대한환경공학회지 (Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)

  • 제36권11호
  • /
  • Pages.781-790
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  • 2014
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  • 1225-5025(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2383-7810(eISSN)
대한환경공학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)
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Capping 기술을 이용한 하천 및 호소 퇴적토의 인 용출 저감 효과 분석

Analysis on the Reduction of Phosphorus Release in River and Lake Sediments through Application of Capping Technology

  • 김석구 (한국건설기술연구원 환경연구실) ;
  • 윤상린 (한국건설기술연구원 환경연구실)
  • Kim, Seog-Ku (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Environmental Engineering Research Division) ;
  • Yun, Sang-Leen (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Environmental Engineering Research Division)
  • 투고 : 2014.11.11
  • 심사 : 2014.11.25
  • 발행 : 2014.11.30
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초록

유속이 약한 하천이나 호소에 침강된 유기물, 영양염류, 유해화학물질 등의 오염물질은 일단 수중으로부터 제거되어 퇴적물 속에 축적되었다가 확산, 재 부유, 생물교란 등의 물리 화학 생물학적 과정에 의해 다시 수층으로 용출되어 수질 및 수생생태에 직 간접적인 악영향을 미칠 수 있게 된다. 특히 인은 수중생태계의 일차 생산량을 결정하는 중요한 물질중의 하나로 수체 내 물질순환 과정에서 주로 퇴적물에 저장되는 원소로 물리적인 교란 및 생 화학적 작용에 의해 수층으로용출되어 부영양화현상을 가속시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 수층 미생물의 영향을 고려한 경우(호소수)와 미생물의 영향을 배제한(증류수)경우로 구분하여 각각 다른 capping 소재를 적용하여 퇴적물에서의 인 용출 저감 효과를 분석하였다. 실험 결과 화학적소재인 Fe-Gypsum, $SiO_2$-Gypsum로 capping을 할 경우, control보다 인 용출을 약 40% 이상 저감시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 복합소재인 granule gypsum+Sand는 약 50% 이상 용출을 저감 효과가 나타났다. 따라서 화학적 소재인 granule-gypsum과 그 위에 모래와 같은 친환경소재로 capping을 한다면 인 용출 저감에 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. Capping 처리 전후의 퇴적층내의 인 성상변화를 살펴본 결과, gypsum 투입에 의하여 호소 퇴적층에 존재하는 인이 용출되기 어려운 안정한 형태인 apatite-P 변화된 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 capping 기술의 적용을 통하여 하천 및 호소 퇴적물에서 발생되는 인 용출에 대한 저감 효율을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Contaminants such as organic matters, nutrients and toxic chemicals in rivers and lakes with a weak flow rate are first removed from the water and accumulated in the sediments. Subsequently, they are released into the water column again, posing direct/indirect adverse effects on the water quality and aquatic ecosystems. In particular, phosphorus is known to accelerate the eutrophication phenomenon when it is released into the water column via physical disturbance and biological/chemical actions as one of important materials that determine the primary production of aquatic ecosystems and an element that is stored mainly in the sediments in the process of material circulation in the body of water. In this study, the effect on reducing phosphorus release in sediments was analyzed by applying different capping materials to lake water, where the effect of aquatic microorganisms is taken into account, and to distilled water, where the effect of microorganisms is excluded. The experimental results showed that capping with chemical materials such as Fe-gypsum and $SiO_2$-gypsum further reduced the phosphorus release by at least 40% compared to the control case. Composite materials like granule gypsum+Sand showed over 50% phosphorus release reduction effect. Therefore, it is determined that capping with chemical materials such as granule-gypsum and eco-friendly materials such as sand is effective in reducing phosphorus release. The changes in phosphorus properties in the sediments before and after capping treatment showed that gypsum input helped to change the phosphorus that is present in lake sediments into apatite-P, a stable form that makes phosphorus release difficult. Based on the above results, it is expected that the application of capping technology will contribute to improving the efficiency of reducing phosphorus release that occurs in river and lake sediments.

키워드

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피인용 문헌

  1. Evaluation of laboratory-scale in situ capping sediments with purple parent rock to control the eutrophication vol.24, pp.8, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8414-x