Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Different Crude Protein Levels in the Concentrates on Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Hanwoo Steers

농후사료의 조단백질 수준차이가 거세한우의 도체 및 육질특성에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2013.02.19
  • Accepted : 2013.02.25
  • Published : 2013.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different crude protein levels in the concentrates on carcass and meat quality of Hanwoo steers. A total of thirty 5.3-month-old castrated Hanwoo calves ($135.6{\pm}10.52$ kg) were randomly allocated into either control or treatment group. The animals were separately housed to 5 heads per group. Crude protein levels in concentrates for growing, fattening, and finishing phases were 14, 13, and 11% for control group and 16, 15, and 14% for treatment group respectively. Comparative analysis of carcass characteristics, physico-chemical characteristics, and fatty acid composition in M. longissimus dorsi of Hanwoo steers were carried out. There was no statistical difference in average cold carcass weight between control (411.9 kg) and treatment (419.9 kg) group. Also, dietary crude protein level in concentrates did not affect M. longissimus dorsi area, backfat thickness, and meat yield index. In contrast, the marbling score in treatment group was higher (p<0.05) than the control group. Also, treatment group showed significantly higher (p<0.05) values than control group for CIE L-value, Mono-unsaturated fatty acids and oleic acid composition. Therefore increasing crude protein levels of concentrates in Hanwoo steers during growing and fattening phases might be beneficial for the improvement of meat quality.

본 연구는 농후사료의 조단백질 수준이 거세한우의 육질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 한우 거세 송아지 30두를 공시하여, 비육 단계별 육성기, 비육전기 및 비육후기에 농후사료의 조단백질 수준을 대조구는 육성기; 14%, 비육전기; 13% 및 비육후기; 11%, 처리구는 육성기; 16%, 비육전기; 15% 및 비육후기; 14%로 하여 도체 특성, 육질의 이화학적 특성 및 지방산 조성을 분석하였다. 육질등급에서는 대조구 대비 처리구에서 근내지방도가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 향상되었고, 육질등급을 점수화하여 환산한 결과로는 약 15.6% 정도가 처리구에서 개선되는 경향을 보였다. 도체의 이화학적 특성에서는 처리구에서 수분과 조단백질의 경우 감소하고 조지방은 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 지방산 조성 중 단일불포화지방산 및 올레인산에서 처리구가 대조구 대비 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 따라서, 본 시험의 결과로 육성 및 비육기때 농후사료내 조단백질 수준을 증가시키면 근내지방도, CIE 값의 명도, 올레인산 및 단일 불포화지방산에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 개선되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC. 1998. Official Methods of Analysis, 14th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C., USA.
  2. Bailey, C. B. 1989. Rate and efficiency of gain, from weaning to slaughter, of steers given hay, hay supplemented with ruminal undegradable protein, or concentrate. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 69:691-705. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-083
  3. Berge, P., Cullioli, J., Renerre, M., Touraille, C., Micol, D. and Geaay, Y. 1993. Effect of feed protein on carcass composition and meat quality in steers. Meat Sci. 35:79-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(93)90071-O
  4. Byers, F. M. and Moxon, A. L. 1980. Protein and selenium levels for growing and finishing beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 50:1136-1144. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1980.5061136x
  5. Cameron, P. J., Zembayashi, D. K., Lunt, T., Mitsuhashi, M., Mitsumoto, S. and Smith, S. B. 1994. Relationship between Japanese beef marbling standard and intramuscular lipid in the M. longissimus thoracis of Japanese Black and American Wagyu cattle. Meat Sci. 38:361-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(94)90125-2
  6. Folch, J., Lee, M. and Sloan-Stanley, G. H. 1957. A simple method for the isalation and purification of total lipids from animal tissue. J. Biol. Chem. 226:497-504.
  7. Kim, B. K. 2006. Effects of feeding high quality roughage (timothy hay) during growing period on growth performance and carcass characteristics of hanwoo steers. Korean J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 26:212-217.
  8. Kim, B. K. 2006. Effects of feeding timothy hay roughage in the beef quality of growing period fattening hanwoo steers. Korean J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 26:284-289.
  9. Kim, B. K. and Jung, C. J. 2007. Effects of feeding dietary mugwort on the beef quality in fattening hanwoo. Korean J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 27:246-249. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2007.27.2.244
  10. Lee, J. M., Park, B. Y., Cho, S. H., Kim, J. H., Yoo, Y. M., Chae, H. S. and Choi, Y. I. 2004. Analysis of carcass quality grade components and chemico-physical and sensory traits of M. longissimus dorsi in Hanwoo. Kor. J. Anim. Sci. and Technol. 46:833-840. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2004.46.5.833
  11. Leng, R. A. 1985. Efficiency of feed utilization by ruminants. In R. B. Cumming (ED), Recent advances in animal nutrition in Australia, Pap. No. 32. Armidale, N. S. W. University of NewEngland.
  12. Martin, T. G., Perry, T. W., Mohler, M. T. and Owens, F. H. 1979. Comparison of four levels of protein supplementation with and without oral diethylstibestrol on daily gain, feed conversion and carcass traits of bulls. J. Anim. Sci. 48:1026-1032. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1979.4851026x
  13. McBee, J. L. Jr. and Wiles, J. A. 1967. Influence of marbling and carcass grade on the physical and chemical characteristics of beef. J. Anim. Sci. 26:701-704. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1967.264701x
  14. Oh, D. Y., Lee. Y. S., La, B. M. and Yeo, J. S. 2012. Identification of the SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) for Fatty Acid Composition Associated with Beef Flavor-related FABP4 (Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4) in Korean Cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 25(7):913-920. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12078
  15. Perry, T. W., Shields, D. R., Dunn, W. J. and Mohler, M. T. 1983. Protein levels and monensin for growing and finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 57:1067-1076. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1983.5751067x
  16. Ponnampalam, E. N., Hosking, B, J. and Egan, A. R. 2003. Rate of carcass components gain, carcass characteristics, and muscle longissimus tenderness in lambs fed dietary protein sources with a low quality roughage diet. Meat Sci. 63:143-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00202-9
  17. Rossi, J. E., Loerch, S. C. and Fluharty, F. L. 2000. Effects of crude protein concentration on diets feedlot steers fed to achieve stepwise increases in rate of gain. J. Anim. Sci. 78:3036-3044. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.78123036x
  18. SAS. 2002. SAS User's Guide : Statistics. SAS Institute Inc. Cary. NC.
  19. Savell, J. W., Cross, H. R. and Smith, G. C. 1986. Percentage ether extractable fat and moisture content of beef longissimus muscle as related to USDA marbling score. J. Food Sci. 51:838-840. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1986.tb13946.x
  20. Song, M. K., Kim, N. S., Chung, C. S., Choi, Y. I., Won, Y. S., Chung, J. K. and Choi, S. H. 2000. Effect of feeding levels of concentrates on the growth performance and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues at various location in Hanwoo steers. Kor. J. Anim. Sci. and Technol. 42:859-870.
  21. Westerling, D. B. and Hedrick, H. B. 1979. Fatty acid composition of bovine lipids as influenced by diet, sex and anatomical location and relationship to sensory characteristics. J. Anim, Sci. 68:3677-3684.
  22. 丸山 新, 森木 久, 三浦康, 森井良三. 1994. 飼料の組蛋白質水準が黑毛和種去勢牛の發育および肉質におす影響. 肉用牛硏究會報. 58:10-11.
  23. 小堤恭平. 1994. 食肉の品質評價技術. 農林水産技術硏究ジャーナル. 17:19-26.
  24. 增山秀人, 岩倉直行, 笠井勝美, 生井和夫 等. 1997. 黑毛和種 去勢牛における 肥育期別 濃厚飼料中の 組蛋白質水準の違いが 産育性に及ぼす影響. 肉用牛 硏究會報. 62:1-3.