Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles (한국의류학회지)

The Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles (한국의류학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characteristics of Kenaf Fibers Treated by Alkali

알칼리 처리에 따른 케나프 섬유의 특성 변화 연구

  • Yoo, Hye-Ja (Dept. of Clothing & Textiles, Seowon University) ;
  • Lee, Hye-Ja (Dept. of Home Economics Education, Korea National University of Education)
  • Received : 2011.04.19
  • Accepted : 2011.06.13
  • Published : 2011.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Kenaf fiber can be obtained by decortications of the kenaf plant stem. The properties of the kenaf fiber treated by alkali (NaOH) were investigated by spectrocolorimeter, SEM, X-ray diffractometer, FT-IR and TGA. The kenaf fibers treated by alkali became darker and their Munsell color values changed from Y (yellow) to YR (yellowred) according to an increased NaOH concentration. SEM observation of the kenaf fibers showed that their crimps were developed and their surfaces were cleaned by the removal of protruding ends and impurities after alkali treatments. In the x-ray diffraction analysis, the structures of the fibers were found in the form of cellulose I when treated with a 0-16% alkali concentration and cellulose II when treated with over 20%. It was also confirmed that the crystallinity was lowered according to an increased NaOH concentration. The change of fiber compositions was investigated in FT-IR analysis. Strong band of $1,738cm^{-1}$ and asymmetrical stretching strong bands of $1,630-1,600cm^{-1}$ in spectrum (which represent pectin) were not found in the samples because the pectin was removed by the alkali treatment. Weak bands of $1,728-1,730cm^{-1}$ and peaks of $1,245-1,259cm^{-1}$ (which represent hemicellulose) and peaks of $1,592cm^{-1}$, $1,504cm^{-1}$, $1,462cm^{-1}$ and $1,429cm^{-1}$ (which are related to lignin) were not found or reduced in the samples treated with a concentration over 20%. TGA indicated that the kenaf fiber had the better hydrophilic properties by alkali treatment. The higher Tmax in TGA and the higher thermal stability when treated by alkali with the higher concentration. The fibers treated with an alkali concentration over 30% did not show any changes in Tmax.

Keywords

References

  1. Aguilar-Vega, M., & Cruz-Ramos, C. A. (1995). Properties of henequen cellulosic fibers. Journal of Applied Plymer Science, 56, 1245−1252. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070561007
  2. Cho, N. S., & Choi, T. H. (1996). Manufacturing of Korean traditional paper (Hanji) from fast-growing new fiber plant kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus). Journal of Korea Tappi, 28(4), 7−16.
  3. Franck, R. R. (2005). Bast and other plant fibres. Cambridge, England: Woodhead publishing Limited.
  4. Han, Y. S., Yoo, H. J., Lee, H. J., Rhie, J. S., Kim, J. H., Song, K. H., & Ahn, C. S. (2003). Research for kenaf fiber production in Korea. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 27(7), 862−871.
  5. Kim, K. J., & Yun, B. S. (1986). Application of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to qualitative and quantitative analysis of fiber blends (I). Journal of the Korean Society of Textile Engineers and Chemicals, 23(3), 177−188.
  6. Kim, S. S., Lee, B. H., Kim, H. J., Oh, S. C., & Ahn, S. H. (2009). Mechanical properties of alkali treated kenaf fiber filled PP bio-composites. Mokchae Konghak, 37(3), 222−230.
  7. Kim, Y. S. (1988). Application of infrared spectroscopical techniques for investigation archaeological woods. Mokchae Konghak, 16(4), 3−9.
  8. Kwon, H. Y., Park, Y. H., & Kong, Y. S. (1997). Effect of NaOH treatment on the structure and physical properties of flax fiber. Journal of the Korean Fiber Society, 34(2), 97−103.
  9. Lee, H. J., Ahn, C. S., Kim, J. H., Yoo, H. J., Han, Y. S., & Song, K. H. (2004). Characteristics of kenaf/rayon fabrics. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 28(9/10), 1282−1291.
  10. Lee, H. J., Han, Y. S., & Yoo, H. J. (2006). The change of kenaf fiber characteristics by the contents of noncellulosic material. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 30(11), 1581−1588.
  11. Lee, H. J., Han, Y. S., Yoo, H. J., Kim, J. H., Song, K. H., & Ahn, C. S. (2003). Effect of chemical retting on the fiber seperation of kenaf bast. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 27(9/10), 1144−1152.
  12. Lee, H. J., Yoo, H. J., & Han, Y. S. (2007). The properties of kenaf/polyester blended nonwovens. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 31(7), 1119−1127. https://doi.org/10.5850/JKSCT.2007.31.7.1119
  13. Lim, O., Lee, H. J., Yoo, H. J., & Han, Y. S. (2007). The production of kenaf hand-made paper. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 31(8), 1286−1296. https://doi.org/10.5850/JKSCT.2007.31.8.1286
  14. Mwaikambo, L. Y., & Ansell M. P. (2002). Chemical modification of hemp, sisal, jute and kapok fibers by alkalization. Journal of Applied polymer Science, 84(12), 2222−2234. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.10460
  15. Parikh, D. V., Calamari, T. A,. Sawhney, A. P. S., Blanchard, E. J., Screen, F. J., Warnock, M., Muller, D. H., & Stryjewski, D. D. (2002). Improved chemical retting of kenaf fibers. Textiles Research Journal, 72(7), 618−624. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750207200709
  16. Park, S. M. (2008). Trend of technical textiles. Dyeing and Finishing, 8, 1−27.
  17. Salamone, J. C. (Ed.). (1996). Polymeric materials encyclopedia Vol. 4 (F-G). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  18. Sao, K. P., Mathew, M. D., & Ray, P. K. (1987). Infrared spectra of alkali treated degummed ramie. Textiles Research Journal, 57(7), 407−414. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051758705700706
  19. Singthong, J., Ningsanond, S., Cui, S. W., & Goff, H. D. (2005). Extraction and physicochemical characterization of Krueo Ma Noy pectin. Food Hydrocolloids, 19(5), 793−801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2004.09.007
  20. Song, K. H., & Obendorf, S. K. (2006). Chemical and biological retting of kenaf fibers. Textile Research Journal, 76(10), 751−756. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517506070520
  21. Wang, J., & Ramaswamy, G. N. (2003). One-step Processing and bleaching of mechanically separated kenaf fibers: Effects on physical and chemical properties. Textiles Research Journal, 73(4), 339−344. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750307300411
  22. Yoo, H. J., & Lee, H. J. (2005). Production and application of kenaf fiber. Fiber Technology and Industry, 9(2), 177−187.
  23. Yoo, H. J., Lee, H. J., Kim, J. H., Ahn, C. S., Song, K. H., & Han, Y. S. (2006). The change of physical characteristics of kenaf fiber by the chemical processes. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 30(7), 1025−1033.
  24. Zini, E., Scandola, M., & Gatenholm, P. (2003). Heterogeneous acylation of flax fibers reaction kinetics and surface properties. Biomacromolecules, 4, 821−827. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm034040h

Cited by

  1. One- and Two-Bath Pretreatments of Hemp Fabrics with α-Amylase and Pectinase vol.51, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12772/TSE.2014.51.076