Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Biological Control of Root-knot Nematode by Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024

Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024를 이용한 뿌리혹선충 (Root-knot nematode)의 생물학적 방제

  • Kim, Sang-Su (Gwangju Science High School) ;
  • Kang, Seon-I (Chosun University Girl's High School) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Si (Chosun University Girl's High School) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Sung (Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hong, Sung-Hyun (Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Naing, Kyaw Wai (Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Kil-Yong (Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Chonnam National University)
  • 김상수 (광주과학고등학교) ;
  • 강선이 (조선대학교 여자고등학교) ;
  • 김진시 (조선대학교 여자고등학교) ;
  • 이용성 (전남대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 홍성현 (전남대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • ;
  • 김길용 (전남대학교 농업생명과학대학)
  • Received : 2011.11.16
  • Accepted : 2011.12.08
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024 having strong chitinolytic activity was isolated from crab-shell rich soil at Muan, Jeolanamdo. The KK1024 produced chitinase, protease, gelatinase and lipase. When 50% of KK1024 culture broth was treated to juveniles and eggs of root-knot nematode, juvenile mortality at 3 days was 81.67% and egg hatch rate at 5 days was 2.00%. When $183.7{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ of crude enzyme produced by KK1024 was treated, juvenile mortality at 3 days was 96.00% and egg hatch rate at 5 days was 5.33%. At 1% of butanol extract from KK1024, juvenile mortality was highest with 90.00% and egg hatch rate was lowest with 0%. The comparison of the effect of KK1024 culture broth with only medium, synthetic fertilizer, and commercial nematicide on tomato growth and nematode infection was examined in pot trials. KK1024 culture broth showed lower number of egg mass and gall in plant, and population of juveniles in soil compared with only medium and synthetic fertilizer treatment, but not in commercial nematicide. However, the highest shoot weight and length was discovered in KK1024 culture broth. These results suggest that Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024 producing lytic enzymes and nematicidal compounds can be one of candidates for biocontrol agents against root-knot nematodes.

친환경 뿌리혹선충 방제제로써의 활용을 위해 전남 무안 해안가 토양으로부터 chitin 및 gelatin 분해활성이 있는 Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024를 분리하였다. KK1024는 키틴분해효소, 단백질분해효소, 젤라틴분해효소 및 지질분해효소 활성이 있음이 조사되었다. KK1024의 뿌리혹선충 유충 치사 및 알 부화 억제 효과를 조사한 결과, 배양액 50% 처리 시 유충 치사율이 3일째 81%, 알 부화율이 5일째 2%로 나타났다. 또한, 조효소 $183.7{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 처리 시 유충 치사율이 3일째 96%, 알 부화율이 5일째 5%를 나타냈다. 부탄올 추출물질 1% 처리 시 3일째 유충 치사율이 90%, 알 부화율이 0%로 나타났다. 미생물 배양액이 선충 피해 방제와 식물생장에 미치는 영향을 조사해 본 결과, 식물 지상부 무게 및 크기에서 미생물 배양액 처리구가 배지, 비료, 농약처리구 보다 높게 나타났다. 선충 피해 방제에 있어서 미생물 배양액 처리구가 난낭 수, 뿌리혹 수, 토양 내 유충 수에서 농약 처리구 보다는 높게 나타났지만, 배지 및 비료 처리구 보다는 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 보아 다양한 분해효소 및 살선충 물질을 생성하는 Streptomyces sampsonii KK1024는 뿌리혹선충을 생물학적으로 방제할 수 있는 방제제로서 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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