Factors Affecting the Activities of Knowledge-Sharing in Organization

조직 구성원의 지식공유 활동에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • Lee, Kook-Yong (Division of Business Administration, College of Commerce, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2010.01.05
  • Accepted : 2010.04.13
  • Published : 2010.04.30

Abstract

This research explores the role of personal performance expectation, task-technology fit, perceived rewards, shared vision, usefulness of knowledge sharing, top management support, organization culture, organizational commitment, KMS self-efficacy as antecedents which affect knowledge sharing activity as a consequence and investigates relationships among variables considering characteristics. The results show that members' perceived personal performance expectation, task-technology fit, perceived rewards, shared vision, usefulness of knowledge sharing, top management support, organization culture, organizational commitment, KMS self-efficacy has a positive effect perspectively on knowledge sharing in a organization. Especially, the fact that perceived members' task-technology fit, perceived rewards, usefulness of knowledge sharing is more important than other variables was confirmed. The results of this study, knowledge-sharing activities of the enterprise, members of the organization's business strategy for the activation process is expected to help.

본 연구는 조직 구성원의 지식공유 활동에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 여러 선행연구에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통해 개인적 성과기대, 업무-기술 적합성, 보상, 공유된 비전, 지식공유의 유용성, 최고경영자 지원, 조직문화, 조직몰입, KMS 자기효능 등을 각각 도출하였으며, 이들의 영향력 관계를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 업무-기술 적합성과 지각된 보상 그리고 지식공유의 유용성이 지식공유 활동에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 요인이라는 점을 확인할 수 있었으며, 개인적 성과기대와 공유된 비전의 직접적인 영향력은 확인하지 못하였다. 그러나 개인적 성과기대는 업무-기술 적합성을 경유한 간접적인 효과가, 공유된 비전은 지식공유의 유용성을 경유한 간접적인 효과가 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 조직적 특성으로 설정한 최고경영자 지원과 조직문화, 개인적 특성으로 설정한 조직몰입과 KMS 자기효능 역시 지식공유 활동 촉진요인을 경유하여 간접적으로 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과들은 기업내 조직구성원의 지식공유 활동의 활성화를 위한 기업 전략 수립과정에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

References

  1. 배병렬, "LISREL 구조방정식 모델-이해, 활용 및 프로그래밍", 청람, 2006.
  2. 신선진, 공희경, 고준, "지식관리시스템에서의 지식공유에 대한 영향요인과 성과간의 구조적 관계에 관한 연구", 지식경영연구, 제9권, 제2호, 2008, pp. 87-107.
  3. 정재훤, 양성병, 김영걸, "온라인 지식네트워크 내에서의 지식기여 및 지식활용 활동에 영향을 미치는 요인", 한국경영과학회지, 제34권, 제3호, 2009, pp. 1-27.
  4. 허명숙, 천명중, "플로우(Flow)의 구성요인, 조직몰입, 지식공유와 직무만족과의 관계에 대한 실증연구", 정보시스템연구, 제16권, 제4호, 2007, pp. 1-31.
  5. Al-Alawi, A. I., N. Y., AI-Marzooqi, and Y. F., Mohamed, "Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing: Critical Success Factors", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.11, No.2, 2007, pp. 22-42. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270710738898
  6. Alavi, M., T. R. Kayworth, and D. E. Leidner, "An Empirical Examination of the Influence of Organizational Culture on Knowledge Management Practices", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.22, No.3, 2005-2006, pp. 191-224. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222220307
  7. Batol, K. M. and A. Srivastava, "Encouraging knowledge sharing: the role of organizational reward systems", Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, Vol.9, No.1, 2002, pp. 64-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179190200900105
  8. Bhattacherjee, A., "Understanding Information Systems Continuance: An Expectation-Confirmation Model", MIS Quarterly, Vol.25, No.3, 2001, pp. 351-370. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250921
  9. Bock, G. W., R. W. Zmud, Y. G. Kim, and J. N. Lee, "Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic motivators, Social-psychological Forces, and Organizational Climate", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 87-111. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148669
  10. Byrne, B. M., Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS-Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence ErIbaum Associates, 2001.
  11. Chiu, C. M., M. H. Hsu, and E. T. G. Wang, "Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: Am Integrating of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories", Decision Support Systems, Vol.42, 2006, pp. 1872-1888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
  12. Chow, W. S. and L. S. Chan, "Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing", Information and Management, Vol.45, 2008, pp. 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.007
  13. Cohen, D. and L. Prusak, In Good Company: How Social Capital Makes Organizations Work, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA., 2001.
  14. Coleman, J. S., Foundations of Social Theory, Belknap Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990.
  15. Compeau, D. R. and C. A. Higgins, "Computer self-efficacy development of a measure and initial test", MIS Quarterly, Vol.19, No.2, 1995, pp. 189-211. https://doi.org/10.2307/249688
  16. Conley, C. A. and W. Zheng, "Factors critical to knowledge management success", Advances in Developing Human Resources, Vol.11, No.3, 2009, pp. 334-348. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422309338159
  17. Davenport, T. H. and L. Prusak, Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know, Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2000.
  18. Desouza, K. C., Y., Awazu, and Y. Wan, "Factors governing the consumption of explicit knowledge", Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol.57, No.1, 2006, pp. 36-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20250
  19. Dishaw, M. T. and D. M. Strong, "Extending the technology acceptance model with task technology fit constructs", Information and Management, Vol.36, No.1, 1999, pp. 9-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(98)00101-3
  20. Gray, P. and A. Durcikova, "The Role of Knowledge Repositories in Technical Support Environments: Speed Versus Learning in User Performance", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.22, No.3, 2006, pp. 150-190.
  21. Goodhue, D. L. and R. L. Thompson, "Task-technology fit and individual performance", MIS Quarterly, Vol.19, No.2, 1995, pp. 213-236. https://doi.org/10.2307/249689
  22. Fahey, L. and L. Prusak, "The Eleven Deadlies Sins of Knowledge Management", California Management Review, Vol.40, No.3, 1998, pp. 265-276. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165954
  23. Hair, J. F., R. E. Anderson, R. L. Tatham, and W. C. BlacK, Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, 2006.
  24. Hall, H., "Input-frendliness: motivating knowledge sharing across intranets", Journal of Information Science, Vol.27, No.3, 2001, pp. 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150102700303
  25. Hislop D., "Managing knowledge and the problem of commitment", Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Organizational Knowledge, Learning and Capabilities. ALBA: Athens, Greece, 2002.
  26. Hsu, I. C., "Knowledge sharing practices as a facilitating factor for improving organizational performance through human capital: A preliminary test", Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.35, 2008, pp. 1316-1326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2007.08.012
  27. Hsu, C. L. and J. C. C. Lin, "Acceptance of blog usage: The. roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation", Information and Management, Vol.45 , 2008, pp. 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.11.001
  28. Igbaria, M., T. Guimaraes, and G. B. Davis, "Testing the Determinants of Microcomputer Usage via a Structural Equation Model", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.11, No.4, 1995, pp. 87-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1995.11518061
  29. Jarupathirun, S. and F. M. Zahedi, "Exploring the influence of perceptual factors in the success of web-based spatial DSS", Decision Support Systems, Vol.43, No.1, 2007, pp. 933-951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2005.05.024
  30. Jarvenpaa S. L. and D. S. Staples, "Exploring perceptions of organizational ownership of information and expertise", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.18, No.1, 2001, pp. 151-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045673
  31. Jashapara, A. and W. C. Tai, "Understanding the complexity of human characteristics on e-Iearning systems: An integrated study of dynamic individual differences on user perceptions of ease of use", Knowledge Management Research and Practice, Vol.4, 2006, pp. 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500099
  32. Kankanhalli, A., B. C. Y. Tan, and K. K. Wei, "Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 113-143. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148670
  33. Kelloway, E. K. and J. Barling, "Knowledge Work as Organizational Behavior", International Journal of. Management Reviews, Vol.2, 2000, pp. 287-304. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2370.00042
  34. King, W. R. and P. V. Marks, "Motivating knowledge sharing through a knowledge management system", Omega, Vol.36, 2008, pp. 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2005.10.006
  35. Kulkarni, U., S. Ravindran, and R. Freeze, "A Knowledge Management Success Model: Theoretical Development and Empirical Validation", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.23, No.3, 2006, pp. 309-347.
  36. Lin, M. J., S. W., Hung, and C. J. Chen, "Fostering the Determinants of Knowledge Sharing in Professional Virtual Communities", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.25, 2009, pp. 929-939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.03.008
  37. Lin, T. C. and C. C. Huang, "Understanding knowledge management system usage antecedents: An integration of social cognitive theory and task technology fit", Information and Management, Vol.45, 2008, pp. 410-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.004
  38. Lin, W. D., "The effect of knowledge sharing model", Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.34, 2008, pp. 1508-1521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2007.01.015
  39. Liu, Y., Z., Rui, W. Keyi, and W. Jun, "An Empirical Investigation of Knowledge Sharing and Commitment in Marketing Cannel: The Role of Satisfaction and Trust", IEEE, 2008, pp. 1-6.
  40. Marcolin, B. L., D. R. Compeau, and M. C. Munro, "Assessing user competence: conceptualization and measurement", Information Systems Research, Vol. 11 , No.1, 2000, pp. 37-60. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.11.1.37.11782
  41. McDermott, R. and C. O'Dell, "Overcoming cultural barriers to sharing knowledge", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.5 No.1, 2001, pp. 76-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270110384428
  42. Menon, A. and P. R. Varadarajan, "A model of marketing knowledge use within firms", Journal of Marketing, Vol.56, No.4, 1992, pp. 53-71. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251986
  43. Park, H., V. Ribiere, and W. Schulte, "Critical attributes of organizational culture that promote knowledge management implementation success", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.8 No.3, 2004, pp. 106-117. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270410541079
  44. Ruggles, R., "The state of notion: knowledge management in practice", California Management Review, Vol.40, No.3, 1998, pp. 80-89. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165944
  45. Smith, H. A. and J. D. McKeen, "Installing a knowledge-sharing culture", Proceedings of the third European Conference on Organizational Knowledge, Learning and Capabilities, ALBA, Athens, 2002.
  46. Tsai, W. and S. Ghoshal, "Social capital and value creation: an empirical study of intrafirm networks", Academy of Management Journal, Vol.41, No.4, 1998, pp. 464-476. https://doi.org/10.2307/257085
  47. Van Den Hooff, B. and J. A. Ridder, "Knowledge sharing in context: the influence of organizational committment, communication climate and CMC use on knowledge sharing", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.8, No.6, 2004, pp. 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270410567675
  48. Van Den Hooff, B. and F. L. van Weenen, "Committed to share: commitment and CMC use as antecedents of knowledge sharing", Knowledge and Process Management, Vol.11, No.1, 2004, pp. 13-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/kpm.187
  49. Venkatesh, V. and F. D. Davis, "Theoretical Extension of Technology Acceptance Model: Four longitudinal Field Studies", Management Science, Vol.46, No.2, 2000, pp. 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
  50. Vimalambigai, M., Affective commitment, person-organization fit and turnover intention: Examining the effect of knowledge sharing, Masters Dissertations, University of Malaya, 2009.
  51. Wagner, J., "Studies of individualism-collectivism: effects on cooperation in groups", Academy of Management Journal, Vol.38, 1995, pp. 152- 172. https://doi.org/10.2307/256731
  52. Wasko, M. M. and S. Faraj, "Why should I share? Examining social capital and knowledge contribution in electronic networks of practice", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 35-48. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148667
  53. Zheng, M., G. Bao and Y. Qian, "Employee Commitment, Knowledge Sharing and Knowledge Integration An Empirical Study of Professional Staffs in Chinese Firms", PICMET 2009 Proceedings, August 2009, pp. 974-983.