Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
권호 표지

Isotope Ratio of Mineral N in Pinus Densiflora Forest Soils in Rural and Industrial Areas: Potential Indicator of Atmospheric N Deposition and Soil N Loss

질소공급, 고추의 생육 및 수량에 대한 녹비작물 환원 효과

  • Kwak, Jin-Hyeob (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lim, Sang-Sun (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Jung (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Il (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Suk (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kye-Han (Department of Forestry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Han, Gwang-Hyun (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Ro, Hee-Myong (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Mo (National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Woo-Jung (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University)
  • 곽진협 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 임상선 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 박현정 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 이선일 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 이동석 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 이계한 (전남대학교 산림자원조경학부) ;
  • 한광현 (충북대학교 농화학과) ;
  • 노희명 (서울대학교 응용생물화학부) ;
  • 이상모 (서울대학교 농생명과학공동기기원) ;
  • 최우정 (전남대학교 농업과학기술원 생물산업공학과)
  • Received : 2009.01.12
  • Accepted : 2009.02.10
  • Published : 2009.02.28
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Abstract

Deposition of atmospheric N that is depleted in $^{15}N$ has shown to decrease N isotope ratio ($^{15}N/^{14}N$,expressed as ${\delta}^{15}N$) of forest samples such as tree rings, foliage, and total soil-N. However, its effect on ${\delta}^{15}N$ of mineral soil-N which is biologically active N pool has never been tested. In this study, ${\delta}^{15}N$ of mineral N($NH{_4}^+$ and $NO_3{^-}$) in forest soils from organic and two depths of mineral soil layers (0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40cm depth) of Pinus densiflora stands located at two distinct areas (rural and industrial areas) in southern Korea was analyzed to investigate if there is any difference in ${\delta}^{15}N$ of mineral N between these areas. We also evaluated potential N loss of the study sites using ${\delta}^{15}N$ of mineral N. Across the soil layers, the ${\delta}^{15}N$ of $NH{_4}^+$ ranged from +8.9 to +24.8‰ in the rural area and from +4.4 to +13.8‰ in the industrial area. Soils from organic layer (+4.4‰) and mineral layer between 0 and 20 cm (+13.8‰) of industrial area showed significantly lower ${\delta}^{15}N$ of $NH{_4}^+$ than those of rural area (+8.9 and +24.3‰, respectively), probably indicating the greater contribution of $^{15}N$-depleted $NH{_4}^+$ from atmospheric deposition to forest in the industrial area than in the rural area. Meanwhile, ${\delta}^{15}N$ of $NO_3{^-}$ was not different between the rural and industrial areas, probably because ${\delta}^{15}N$ of $NO_3{^-}$ is more likely to be altered by the N loss that causes $^{15}N$ enrichment of the remaining soil N pool. Compared with the ${\delta}^{15}N$ of soil mineral N reported by other studies (from -10.9 to +15.6‰ for $NH{_4}^+$ and -14.8 to +5.6‰ for $NO_3{^-}$), the ${\delta}^{15}N$ observed in our study was substantially high, suggesting that the study sites are more subject to the N loss. It was concluded that $NH{_4}^+$ rather than $NO_3{^-}$ can conserve the ${\delta}^{15}N$ signature of atmospheric N deposition in forest ecosystems.

질소동위원소비(${\delta}^{15}N$)가 낮은 대기질소 강하물의 유입에 의해 산림 생태계 내 다양한 시료(나이테, 엽, 토양)의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값이 낮아지는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 하지만, 토양 미생물과 식물이 쉽게 이용할 수 있는 토양 무기태 질소의 ${\delta}^{15}N$에 대한 연구는 진행된 바 없다. 본 연구는 대기질소 강하물이 상대적으로 적은 농촌지역과 많은 공업지역에 위치한 적송 산림지역의 유기토양층과 무기토양층(0~20 cm와 20~40 cm) 중 $NH_4{^+}$과 $NO_3{^-}$의 ${\delta}^{15}N$값을 분석하여 두 지역간의 차이를 조사하였으며, 이들 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값을 근거로 조사 지역의 질소손실 민감성을 평가하였다. 농촌지역과 공업지역에서 $NH_4{^+}$의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값은 각각 +8.9 ~ +24.8‰과 +4.4 ~ +13.8‰로 분포하였다.유기토양층과 무기토양층(0~20 cm)에서 두 지역간 $NH_4{^+}$의 ${\delta}^{15}N$값 차이가 나타났는데, 공업지역에서 각각4.4‰과 +13.8‰이었고, 농촌지역에서는 각각 +8.9‰과 +24.3‰로 공업지역에서 더 낮은 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값이 나타났다.이는 공업지역에서 ${\delta}^{15}N$값이 낮은 대기 유래 $NH_4{^+}$ 유입량이 더 많았음을 의미한다. 한편, $NO_3{^-}$의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값은 지역간 차이가 없었는데, 이는 $NO_3{^-}$가 용탈과 탈질 등에 의해 쉽게 손실되는 과정에서 수반되는 질소동위원소 분할 효과에 의해 강하물에서 유래된 $NO_3{^-}$의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 기여도가 낮아지기 때문으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 관측된 무기태 질소의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값은 다른 지역에서 조사된 $NH_4{^+}$(-10.9 ~ +15.6‰)과 $NO_3{^-}$(14.8 ~ +5.6‰)의 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 값보다 매우 높은데, 이는 본 연구지역에서 토양 질소 손실 가능성이 높음을 보여준다. 이상의 연구 결과에 의하면 산림토양의 무기태 질소 중 $NO_3{^-}$보다 $NH_4{^+}$이 질소공급원(대기 질소 강하)에 대한 ${\delta}^{15}N$ 정보를 보다 잘 반영하는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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