The Characteristics of Soil Oribatid Mite(Acari: Oribatida) Communities as to Differences of Habitat Environment in Mt. Jumbong, Nature Reserve Area in Korea

점봉산 천연보호림에서 서식환경 차이에 따른 토양날개응애 군집특성

  • Kang, Bang-Hun (Natioal Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Joon-Ho (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Seong-Sik (College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University)
  • Published : 2007.12.31

Abstract

This research was conducted every month from June 1994 until August 1996 with the aim to understand the ecosystem structure through the analysis of oribatid mite community structure in soil subsequent to environmental difference of its habitats located at northward & southward slopes adjacent to each other at an altitude of 1,000 meters of Mt.Jumbong, which is a natural reserved forest, remaining intact. There appeared a significant difference [t-test, p<0.06] in comparison of the number of the species and individuals of Oribatid mite species which were collected and identified at two survey areas. The mean density and the number of the species collected and identified at the northward slopes, and southward slopes were $99.2{\pm}17.6,\;234.2{\pm}62.6$ and $24.7{\pm}3.0,\;40.8{\pm}5.8$, respectively. Species diversity index(H') was higher at the southward slopes($3.09{\pm}0.11$) than at the northward slopes($2.71{\pm}0.13$). The population size of Oribatid mite species was found by the percentage of each species density as against the whole density and classified into dominant species, influent species, and recessive species according to the percentage; as a result, O. nova and Suctobelbella naginata was found to be a dominant species at both survey slopes while Trichogalumna nipponica was found to be a dominant species, at southward but it wasn't collected at the northward slopes at all. The feeding habit of the dominant species at two survey slopes was found to be microphytophagous- eating soil microbe. There appeared a conspicuous difference in compositions of the number of the species, individuals and dominant species at the southward/northward slopes adjoining each other at an attitude of 1,000 meters and less similarity between the two survey slopes. Conclusively, It was found that the heterogeneity of microhabitat has a great effect on Oribatid mite's community characteristics.

본 연구는 훼손되지 않은 천연보호림인 점봉산의 고도 1,000미터 지점의 이웃한 남북사면의 서식처 환경차이에 따른 날개응애의 군집구조를 분석을 통한 생태계 구조를 이해함을 목적으로 1994년 5월부터 1996년 8월까지 매월 조사를 수행하였다. 두 조사지에서 채집, 동정한 날개응애의 종수및 개체수 비교에서는 유의성 있는 차이를 보였는데(t-test, p<0.05), 북사면의 평균 밀도와 종수는 $99.2{\pm}17.6,\;24.7{\pm}3.0$이고 남사면에서는 $234.2{\pm}62.6,\;40.8{\pm}5.8$였다. 종다양도는 남사면이 $3.09{\pm}0.11$로 북사면 $2.71{\pm}0.13$보다 높게 나타났다. 날개응애의 개체군 크기를 전체 밀도에 대한각종의 밀도 백분율로 구하여 우점종, 중세종 그리고 약세종으로 나누어 나타내었고, O. nova와 Suctobelbella naginata가 조사지 모두에서 우점종으로 나타났고, Trichogalumna nipponica는 남사면에서는 우점종이었으나, 북사면에서는 채집이 되지 않는 종이다. 두 조사지의 우점종의 먹이 습성은 토양미생물을 섭식하는 식균성(microphytophagous) 이었다. 고도 1,000미터 지점으로 서로 이웃한 남/북사면 조사지에서 종수 및 개체수, 우점종 구성이 뚜렷한 차이를 보였고, 조사지별 유사도가 낮게 나타나 미소환경의 이질성이 날개응애 군집의 특성에 큰 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다

Keywords

References

  1. 최성식(1988) 한반도산 날개응애류에 관한 연구(1). 원광대학교 논문집 제 22-1집
  2. 최성식(1994) Taxonomic Studies on Soil Mites(Acari : Oribatei) of Korea. 한국응용곤충학회지 33: 39-50
  3. 환경처(1994) 훼손된 생태계의 Biodiversity 평가 및 복원기법개발(II)-곤충 종다양성. pp.105-144
  4. Asikidis, M.D. and G.P. Stamou(1992) Phenological patterns of oribatid mites in an evergreen-sclerophyllous formation(Hortiatis, Greece). Pedobiologia 36: 359-372
  5. Bae, Yoon Hwan(2001) Community analysis of oribatid mite(Acari . Oribatida) in the process of needle leaf decomposition in Korean Pine (Pinus koreiensis) Forest of Namsan and Kwangreung. Korean Journal of Soil Zoology 6(1-2): 25-31
  6. Balogh, J. (1972) The oribatid genera of the world. Akad miai Kiado, Budapest. 331pp
  7. Butcher, J.W., R. Snider and R.J. Snider(1971) Bioecology of edaphic collembola and acarina. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 16: 249-288 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.16.010171.001341
  8. Clifford, H. T. W. Stephenson. (1975) An introduction to numerical classification. Academic Press, London
  9. Ehara(1980) Illustrations of the mites and ticks of Japan. Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, pp.398-489
  10. Jaroslav Smrz(2006) Microhabitat selection in the simple oribatid community dwelling in epilithic moss cover (Acari: Oribatida). Maturwissenschaften. 93: 570-576 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-006-0141-y
  11. Jung Chuleui, Lee Joon-Ho and Choi Seong-Sik(2002) Potential of using oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) as biological indicators of forest soil acidification. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 4(4): 213-218
  12. Kang, B. H. (1996) Analysis of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) Communities in Mt, Jumbong, Nature Reserve Area. M.S. theses. Seoul Nat'l Univ., 68pp
  13. Kempton, R. A. L. R. Taylor(1974) Log - Series and Log - Normal parameters as diversity discriminants for the Lepidoptera. J. Anim. Ecol. 43: 381-399 https://doi.org/10.2307/3371
  14. Kitchell, J. F., R. V. O'Neill, D. Webb, G. W. Gallepp, S. M. Bartell, J. F. Koonce B. S. Ausmus(1979) Consumer regulation of nutrient cycling. BioScience, 29: 28-34 https://doi.org/10.2307/1307570
  15. Krantz, G. W. (1978) A manual of Acarology. Oregon State University Book Stores, Inc. 509pp
  16. Kwak, J. S. (1987) Soil microarthropods at the Kwangyang Experimental Plantation. 1. Composition of Oribatid Mites(Acari: Cryptostigrnata), Korean J. Ecol. 10: 23-31
  17. Laura L. Fagan, Raphael K. Didham, Neville N. Winchester, Valerie Behan-Pelletier, Marilyn Clayton, Evert Lindquist and Richard A. Ring(2006) An experimental assessment of biodiversity and species turnover in terrestrial vs canopy leaf litter. Oecologia, 147:335-347 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0262-6
  18. Lee, D. W. (1997) Analysis of ecological structure and function of natural forest reserve in Mt, Jumbong for conservation of biodiversity. Korean Scien. Fund. pp. 31-71
  19. Ludwig, J. A. and J. F. Reynolds(1988) Statistical ecology. A primer on methods and computing. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 337pp
  20. Lussenhop, J. (1992) Mechanisms of microarthropod microbial interaction in soil. Advances in Ecological Research 23: 1-33 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60145-2
  21. Magurran, A. E. (1988) Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement. Croom Helm. London, U. K. 179pp
  22. Marinissen, J. C. Y. P. C. de Ruiter. (1993) Contribution of earthworms to carbon and nitrogen cycling in agro-ecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 47: 59-74 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(93)90136-D
  23. Mosadoluwa Adetola Badejo and Philips Olugbemiga Akinwole(2006) Microenvironmental preferences of oribatid mite species on the floor of a tropical rainforest. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 40: 145-156 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-006-9029-y
  24. Mundon-Izay Noti, Henri M. Andre, Xavier Ducarme and Philippe Lebrun(2003) Diversity of soil oribatid mites(Acari: Oribatida) from high Katanga (Democratic Republic of Congo): a multiscale and multifactor approach. Biodiversity and Conservation 12:767-785 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022474510390
  25. Park, H. H. (1995) Analysis of oribatid mites(Acari: Oribatida) communities in Namsan and Kwangreung coniferous forests. M. S. theses. Seoul Nat'l Univ., 78 pp
  26. Robert Jandl, Hubert Kopeszki, Alexander Bruckner, and Herbert Hager(2003) Forest soil cheistry and mesofauna 20 years after an amelioration fertilization. Restoration ecology. 11(2):239-246 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100X.2003.00179.x
  27. Rodriguea M. A. S. A. Gomez. (1994) Stability may decrease with diversity in grassland communities: Empirical evidence from the 1986 Cantabrian Mountains(Spain) drought. Oikos. 71: 177-180 https://doi.org/10.2307/3546186
  28. Routledge, R. D. (1979) Diversity indices: Which ones are admissible? J. theor. BioI. 76: 503-515 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(79)90015-8
  29. Sarkar, S. (1990) Studies on microarthropod community in one undisturbed habitat of Tripura (India) with special reference to oribatid mites. Rev. Col. Biol. Sol. 27: 307-329
  30. Seastedt, T. R. and D. A. Crossley, Jr. (1983) Nutrients in forest litter treated with naphthalene and simulated through fall: A field microcosm study. Soil Biol, Biochem. 15: 159-165 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(83)90097-4
  31. Tilman D. J. A. Downing(1994) Biodiversity and stability in grasslands. Nature. 367: 363-365 https://doi.org/10.1038/367363a0
  32. Wallwork, J. A. (1983) Oribatids in forest ecosystems. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 28: 109-130 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.28.010183.000545
  33. Wauthy, G., M. Noti and M. Dufrene. (1989) Geographic ecology of soil oribatid mites in deciduous forests. Pedobiologia 33: 399-416
  34. Wolda, H. (1981) Similarity indices, sample size and diversity. Oecologia. 50: 296-302 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344966
  35. 北泥右三(1973) 土壤動物生態學. 158pp