• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1627-1631
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• 2008

다양한 방법으로 건조한 보리 잎의 생리활성을 분석한 결과, 보리 잎의 추출수율은 건조방법 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총 페놀함량은 건조방법별 함량에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 열처리 후 건조한 보리 잎에서 생잎 다음으로 높게 나타났고, 음건, 진공 동결 건조, 전자레인지 후 건조한 보리 잎에서는 유의성을 보이지 않았다. SOD 유사활성은 생잎 $95.69{\pm}0.33%$, 열처리 후 건조한 보리 잎 $94.96{\pm}0.77%$, 음건 $92.04{\pm}1.35%$, 진공 동결건조 $91.53{\pm}0.40%$, 전자레인지 건조 $92.58{\pm}0.27%$로 90% 이상의 높은 활성을 보였으며, 대조군인 항산화제 sesamol $88.42{\pm}0.80%$, tocopherol $88.86{\pm}0.61%$, BHT $86.62{\pm}0.89%$에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 생잎과 전자레인지 건조한 보리 잎을 제외하고 80% 이상의 peroxyl radical 소거능 및 90% 이상의 높은 xanthine oxidase 저해능을 보였다. 본 연구결과, 건조방법별 보리 잎의 총 페놀, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 건조방법에 따라 차이를 보였으나, 항산화 능력에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2016

This study examined the anti-diabetic effects of young barley leaf powder in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the non-diabetic (N) and diabetic groups, and fed the following for four weeks. The diabetic groups were further subdivided into three experimental groups: a diabetic control group (STZ), a diabetic group fed 5% barley leaf powder (STZ-BL), and a diabetic group fed 10% barley leaf powder (STZ-BH). Food and water intakes were higher in the diabetic groups than in the N group. Body weight gain was higher in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups compared with the STZ group, but there were no significant changes in body weight gain between the diabetic groups. The serum glucose and fructosamine levels were lower in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups than in the STZ group. The levels of serum insulin were higher in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups than in the STZ group. Serum ALT, AST and ALP activities decreased in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups compared with the STZ group, but there was no difference. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of barley leaf powder can attenuate clinical symptoms of diabetes in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2006

A series of methanol extracts from leaf and root parts in spring- and winter-barley plants were assayed to determine their allelopathy and antioxidant activity. The methanol extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish significantly inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) seedlings. Leaf extracts at 25 and 50 g $L^{-1}$ inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch seedlings more than root extracts. No difference in phytotoxic effects of spring- and winter-barley seedlings extracts on root growth of Chinese milkvetch was observed. Methanol extracts dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher in the methanol extracts from winter-barley seedlings than in those from spring-barley seedlings, and from leaf extracts than from root extracts. The antioxidant potential of the individual fraction from the methanol extracts of spring-barley seedlings was in order of n-butanol>ethyl acetate>water>chloroform>n-hexane fraction. By means of HPLC analysis, spring-barley (200.62 mg $100g^{-1}$) had more amount of total phenol acid than winter-barley (114.08 mg $100g^{-1}$). Especially, ferulic acid was detected in spring-barley extract (183.46 mg $100g^{-1}$) as the greatest amount. These results suggest that early seedlings of barley plants had potent allelopathy and antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant parts and growing condition.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.120-127
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• 1990

The zoospores of Polymyxa graminis known as vector of barley yellow mosaic virus(BYMV) were found from the rootlets of diseased barley plants. The X-bodies in the lower epidermis of diseased leaf tissues were reddish under fluorescence microscopy. The shape of virus particles was flexuous rod and 300-1,000 nm in length. The pinwheel structures, cylindrical inclusion bodies, ring-form inclusion bodies, and crystalline lattice-like structure were found together with virus particles in the cytoplasm of diseased leaf tissues. Generally, intracellular organelles in the diseased barley leaf tissues infected with BYMV were either not well-developed or degenerated.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.830-835
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• 2011

보리순 분말이 yellow layer cake의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 보리순 분말을 밀가루의 0, 2, 4, 6, 및 8%의 수준으로 대체하여 첨가하였다. 보리순 분말을 함유한 반죽의 점성은 대조구보다 증가하였으며 반죽의 비중은 낮게 나타났다. 케이크의 비체적은 시료간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. Volume index는 대조구가 가장 낮게 나타났으며 symmetry index와 uniformity index는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 보리순 분말의 함량이 커질수록 껍질 특유의 적갈색이 나타나지 않았으며, 내부색은 보리순의 함량이 증가할수록 진한 녹색을 나타냈다. 저장기간 동안의 경도는 보리순 분말을 6%, 8% 함유한 케이크들이 낮게 나타났다. 관능검사 결과는 8% 케이크에 대한 기호도가 다른 시료들 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났으나, 그 외 보리순 분말을 2%, 4%, 및 6% 함유한 케이크들은 내부색을 제외하고는 대조구와 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 밀가루의 일부를 보리순으로 대체하여 yellow layer cake를 제조하는 경우에는 6% 이하의 농도에서는 케이크의 품질이나 기호도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2011

The effects of additions of lotus leaf (0.1 and 0.5%) and barley leaf powder (0.1 and 0.5%) on the lipid oxidation and microbiological analysis of raw minced pork were investigated after 1, 4, 7, and 10 d at chilled storage. Days of storage caused (p<0.05) decreases in pH values in samples with lotus leaf (LP) and barley leaf powder (BP). $L^*$ and $a^*$ values decreased, and $b^*$ values increased in the treatments with increasing lotus leaf and barley leaf powder contents, respectively. The decrease in $a^*$ values was lowest (p<0.05) in the treatment with 0.1% BP. Thiobarbituric acid reaction substance values and free fatty acids in 0.5% LP were lowest (p<0.05) on day 10. Thus, the addition of lotus leaf powder significantly improved lipid oxidative stability in the raw minced pork during chilled storage of 10 d. Furthermore, the raw minced pork treatments with LP and BP presented low peroxide values and total microbes as compared to control (-) (without LP and BP). These results indicate that LP and BP can be incorporated into raw minced pork as natural additives to retard oxidation.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various leaf powders on chocolate by analyzing quality characteristics, antioxidant activities, and sensory characteristics. Methods: Pine needles, mulberry leaves, ramie leaves, barley leaves, and squash leaves were freeze-dried, powdered, and added to the chocolate. Results: Water contents of all leaf powder-added groups were significantly higher than that of the control (15.78%). The pH values of chocolate with leaf powder were lower than that of the control (6.33) while that of mulberry leaf chocolate (6.56) was higher than that of the control. In color measurement, L-value, a-value, and b-value were highest in pine needle chocolate (30.31, 3.52, and 4.78, respectively). The ${\Delta}E$ value (total color difference compared to white board) was the highest in squash leaf chocolate (69.51) and significantly different from that of the control (67.69). The hardness of leaf powder-added chocolate was lower than that of the control (6.84 N), except for pine needles. In the antioxidant activity analysis, chocolate with pine needles and squash leaves had higher polyphenols, flavonoids, and ABTS radical scavenging antioxidant activity than those of the control. Overall consumer acceptability was the most preferred in the control compared to the other groups. However, chocolate with mulberry and barley leaves also received high scores (5.60 and 5.40, respectively) for overall acceptability. Conclusion: It can be concluded that chocolate with barley leaves is desirable for making functional chocolate due to its high consumer preference and positive effects on improving antioxidant activities.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 1999

Mineralization of organic N is an important factor in determining the appropriate rate of organic matter application to paddy fields. A kinetic analysis was conducted for nitrogen mineralization of rice, barley, Chinese milk Ovetch (Astragalus sinicus L.; MV) and narrow leaf vetch straw in paddy soil. Nitrogen immobilization occurred rapidly and its rate increased in straw with high C/N ratio. The amount of nitrogen mineralization was rapid in the first year of rice-vetch cropping system. The rate constant (K) depended on the C/N ratio of organic matter. Mineralization of straw increased at high temperature. The amount of available N increment resulted in fast mineralization of straw, especially in rice and barley straw. Chinese milk vetch had the greatest mineralization rate at all temperatures and fertilization levels followed by narrow-leaf vetch. However, rice and barley straws with high C/N ratio immobilized the soil N at the initial incubation duration. Chinese milk vetch or narrow leaf vetch was not effectively mineralized in mixed treatments with rice or barley straw. The mineralization rate of organic matter was mostly affected by the C/N ratio of straw and temperature of incubation. Organic matter with low C/N ratio should be recommended to avoid the immobilization of soil N and the increasing mineralization rate of straw.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2009

본 연구는 고지방 (열량의 37%를 지방으로 대체)을 급여한 마우스의 체중과 체내 지질함량에 미치는 보리순의 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 4주령의 ICR 마우스 (n = 32)를 1주일간 적응시킨 후 정상식이를 급여한 정상군, 고지방을 급여한 고지방대조군, 고지방-보리순분말군과 고지방-보리순열수추출물군으로 나누어 8주간 사육하였다. 보리순은 사람이 하루에 3잔의 차를 마시는 양을 고려하여 보리순 1%수준이 섭취되도록 분말과 열수추출물을 각각 식이에 첨가 조제하여 8주간 급여하였다. 식이섭취량은 보리순분말군이 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았으나 보리순열수추출물은 식이섭취량에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 보리순분말과 보리순열수추출물은 고지방식이로 유도된 비만마우스의 체중을 효과적으로 낮추었으며 특히, 내장지방무게의 대표적 지표인 부고환지방조직 무게를 유적으로 낮추었다. 이는 보리순이 식이섭취 억제에 의존적으로 체중감소 효과를 나타내지 않음을 제시한다. 혈장의 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 보리순분말과 열수추출물 급여시 고지방 대조군에 비해 각각 25%와 20%의 감소효과를 보였으며 중성지질 함량은 보리순분말군과 열수추출물군 모두 28%와 43%의 유의적인 감소를 보였다. 또한 보리순분말과 보리순열수추출물은 혈장 중의 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤 비(HTR)를 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높였다. 간조직과 지방조직의 트리글리세리드 함량은 정상군에 비해 고지방대조군이 각각 1.3배, 1.2배의 증가를 보였으나 보리순분말과 열수추출물 급여시 모두 간조직과 지방조직의 트리글리세리드 함량이 정상군과 유사한 수준으로 개선되었다. 신장에서의 트리글리세리드 함량은 고지방식이로 증가하는 경향을 보였고 심장에서는 1.4배의 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으며, 보리순열수추출군에서만 유의적인 개선효과를 볼 수 있었다. 간조직과 신장의 콜레스테롤 함량은 실험군간에 차이가 없었으나, 심장 중의 콜레스테롤 함량은 고지방대조군이 정상군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 보리순열수추출물의 경우 심장의 콜레스테롤 함량을 유의적으로 낮추었다. 변중의 콜레스테롤 함량은 고지방 대조군이 정상군에 비하여 낮은 반면, 트리글리세리드 함량은 약 6배 높았다. 한편, 보리순말과 열수추출물 급여는 고지방 대조군에 비하여 변으로의 트리글리세리드 배설을 유의적으로 증가시켰으나 콜레스테롤 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 간조직 중 FAS활성은 정상군에 비해 고지방대조군에서 1.7배 높아진 반면, ${\beta}$-oxidation은 유의적으로 낮았다. 보리순분말과 열수추출물은 지방산 합성효소의 활성을 정상군 수준으로 개선하였으나 지방산 산화에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 콜레스테롤 합성에 관련하는 HMG-CoA reductase와 ACAT 활성은 각각 정상군보다 고지방대조군에서 각각 2.1배, 1.5배씩 높았으나 보리순분말과 열수추출물 급여시 유의적으로 낮았다. 이와 같이 보리순분말과 열수추출물은 고지방 식이로 비만을 유도한 마우스의 간조직에서 지방산과 콜레스테롤 합성을 저해함으로써 지질개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.314-324
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• 2016

To improve the color stability of chlorophyll in young barley leaf used as functional green biomaterial, the absorption spectrum, color values, and antioxidative activities of young barley leaf (YBL) treated with zinc ion solutions were investigated. The small pieces of fresh YBL in aqueous solution mixtures were autoclaved twice at $110^{\circ}C$ for 30 min (pH 5). Distilled water (BLA), 0.01% zinc chloride (BLAZ), 0.01% zinc citrate (BLAC), and 0.01% zinc lactate (BLAL) solutions were used. Treated YBL powders were extracted with 80% EtOH for 4 h. Chlorophyll a and b contents differed with different treatments. BLA decreased chlorophyll a and b contents, whereas others were maintained. Absorbance spectrums of chlorophyll at 400~700 nm showed different maximum peak wavelengths. After heating in acidic and neutral solutions (pH 3, 5, and 7), the colors of YBL and BLA changed from green to olive green, whereas BLAZ, BLAC, and BLAL remained green color. The antioxidative activities showed higher values in YBL extract than in treated extracts. From the above results, autoclaved YBL in zinc solution would increase the color stability and maintain green color regardless of acid and heat treatments.