• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2014

We previously demonstrated that water-soluble egg yolk extract is not related to elevation of serum immunoglobulin E, which can initiate allergic reactions; however, it increases the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and the activity of B lymphocytes. In this study, egg white (EW) was fed to BALB/c mice to determine its influence on growth efficiency, immune modulation, and changes in serum lipid levels. A total of 50 five-wk-old BALB/c male mice were divided into 5 groups, 4 of which were fed 0, 10, 50, or 100 mg/d EW for 4 wk. Mice with an uptake of 10, 50 and 100 mg/d EW showed no significant changes in daily weight gain, feed efficiency rate, or populations of white blood cells. However, the activities of both B and T lymphocytes were significantly increased in all three EW groups at the final week of treatment. Interestingly, serum levels immunoglobulin E were not altered by EW consumption, but the IgG level was significantly increased in the 100 mg/d EW group. Serum lipid profile analyses showed no significant changes in total cholesterol, HDL, low density lipoprotein, or triglyceride levels by EW consumption. Taken together, these data demonstrate that consumption of EW promotes immune cell activities and the upregulation of serum IgG levels. However, we found no changes in serum lipid profiles and IgE levels. Therefore, our study suggests that consumption of EW might not be related to the risk of food allergy, but could be an excellent candidate for the maintenance of physiological homeostasis.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.398-405
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• 2015

Egg allergy has been shown to be the most common food allergy in children with atopic dermatitis. Allergic reactions to proteins derived from egg white (EW) are more common than those derived from egg yolk. Ovomucoid, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, and lysozyme have been identified as major allergens in EW. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of EW on immune modulation in an induced allergy mouse model. A total of 50 five-week-old BALB/c male mice were treated with trimellitic anhydride (TMA) for three weeks to induce allergy-like symptoms. The TMA-treated mice were rested for one week and then divided into five groups and fed 0, 10, 50, and 100 mg/d EW for four weeks. All EW consumption groups showed no significant increase or decrease in the populations of white blood cells; however, a significant increase in B-lymphocyte activity was observed in the fourth week. Furthermore, EW consumption did not influence serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin E levels. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the consumption of EW by TMA-treated mice did not increase allergic parameters such as serum IgE level, but enhanced the lymphocyte activities against pathogens. Therefore, this study suggests that the consumption of EW promotes Th2 immune modulation, and EW could be an excellent candidate for maintaining health.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2014

Preventive and therapeutic effects of egg yolk antibody, immunoglobulin Y (IgY), against canine parvovirus (CPV) was evaluated in 25 pups orally challenged with CPV-2a. Oral administration of IgY using powder, paste and coated paste delivery systems was compared. Each type of IgY was administered orally for 17 days from 3 days before challenge. The group of pups administered coated IgY showed mild symptoms such as a moderate decrease in total white blood cell count, no depression, vomiting and diarrhea when compared with other groups. The overall clinical score of the group of pups administered coated IgY was significantly lower than that of the challenge control group. However, mortality did not differ among groups because not all pups received symptomatic treatment. These results implied that oral treatment of coated IgY could improve therapeutic effects against CPV challenge if pups received symptomatic treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2016

TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand belongs to one of important cytokine superfamilIES, tumor necrosis factor ($TNF{\alpha}$). TRAIL-2 receptor agonists activate several cell signaling pathways in cells in different manners and could lead to apoptosis or necrosis. Agonistic egg yolk antibodies like IgY which have been developed in a selective manner could activate TRAIL death receptors such as TRAIL-2 (DR5) and thus apoptosis signaling. We here investigated induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (MCF7 cell line) by an IgY produced against an 21 aminoacid epitope of the human TRAIL-2 receptor. As the first step a small peptide of 21 aminoacids choosen from the extracellular domain of DR5 protein was produced with a peptide synthesizer. After control assays and confirmation of the correct amino acid sequence, it was injected to hens immunized to achieve high affinity IgYs. At the next step, the produced IgYs were extracted and examined for specificity against DR5 protein by ELISA assay. Subsequently, the anticancer effect of such IgYs was determined by MTT assay in the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line. The produced peptides successfully immunized hens and the produced antibodies which accumulated in egg yolk specifically recognized the DR5 protein. IgYs exerted significant toxicity and killed MCF7 cells as shown by MTT assay.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 1997

체내 소화효소에 대한 안정성을 검토하기 위해 competitive ELISA를 이용하여 항원 결합력의 변화를 조사하였다. YIgG는 펩신에 대해 상당히 불안정하여 pH 2.0에서 30분간의 반응에 의해 항원 결합력이 소실되었다. 한편 yIgG 용액에 50%(w/v) saccharose를 첨가하여 펩신과 30분 반응시킨 결과 native yIgG에 비해 항원 결합력이 6.7배 정도 저하되었으나 미첨가시에 비해 항원 결합력이 상당히 유지되었으므로, 펩신에 대한 yIgG의 안정성은 saccharose에 의해 상당히 증가되었음을 알 수 있다. YIgG는 트립신 및 키모트립신과 반응 후 항원 결합력의 큰 저하는 나타나지 않아 펩신에 비해 상당히 안정한 것으로 생각된다. 트립신과 8시간 반응 후 yIgG의 항원 결합력은 native yIgG에 비해 2배 감소되었으나 키모트립신과 8시간 반응 후 yIgG의 항원 결합력은 1.5배 감소되었다. 그러므로 yIgG는 키모트립신 대해 가장 안정하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2004

Lactoperoxidase(LPO)를 농도를 측정하기 위한 ELISA을 개발하기 위해 LPO로 면역시킨 갈색 산란계의 계란에서 형성된 anti-LPO IgY 항체를 분리 정제하고, 분리된 anti-LPO IgY 항체의 특이성을 ELISA 와 double immunodiffusion 방법으로 조사한 후 indirect ELISA 방법을 이용한 표준곡선을 만들었다. 분리 정제된 anti-LPO IgY항체의 titer는 1:520,000이며, ELISA와 double immunodiffusion 방법 모두에서 $\alpha$-lactalbumin, $\beta$-lactoglobulin, casein 및 lysozyme하고는 교차반응을 하지 않고 LPO만 높은 특이성을 갖는 항체로 나타났다. Indirect ELISA방법에서 LPO의 coating 농도는 0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL이며 anti-LPO IgY 최적 희석배수는 1:8,000으로 나타났다. Indirect ELISA 방법으로 LPO를 측정할 수 있는 표준곡선에서 민감도의 범위는 0.0l-l $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.706-712
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• 2012

The present study was aimed to produce a chicken polyclonal antibody against Cronobacter muytjensii and to develop an immunoassay for its detection. Purification of anti-C. muytjensii IgY from egg yolk was accomplished using various methods such as water dilution and salt precipitation. As a result, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis produced two bands around 30 and 66 kDa, corresponding to a light and a heavy chain, respectively. Indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC-ELISA) was performed to determine the effectiveness of the chicken IgY against C. muytjensii. The optimum conditions for detecting C. muytjensii by indirect ELISA and checkerboard titration of the antigen revealed an optimum average absorbance at the concentration of 18 ${\mu}g/mL$, having ca. $10^8$ coated cells per well. The anti-C. muytjensii IgY antibody had high specificity for C. muytjensii and low cross-reactivity with other tested pathogens. In this assay, no cross-reactivity was observed with the other genera of pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes. In addition, detection of C. muytjensii in infant formula powder showed a low matrix effect on the detection curve of IC-ELISA for C. muytjensii, with similar detection limit of $10^5$ CFU/mL as shown in standard curve. These findings demonstrate that the developed method is able to detect C. muytjensii in infant formula powder. Due to the stable antibody supply without sacrificing animals, this IgY can have wide applications for the rapid and accurate detection of C. muytjensii in dairy foods samples.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the local use of egg yolk immunoglobulin against Porphyromonas gingivalis (anti-P.g. IgY) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Methods: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial involving 60 systematically healthy patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Subjects (n=20/group) were randomly assigned to receive SRP combined with subgingival irrigation of anti-P.g. IgY and anti-P.g. IgY mouthwash, subgingival irrigation of 0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, or subgingival irrigation of placebo and placebo mouthwash for 4 weeks. Probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and the plaque index were evaluated at baseline and at 4 weeks. Subgingival plaque, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva were simultaneously collected for microbiological analysis. Results: Our results showed that anti-P.g. IgY mouthwash was as effective as chlorhexidine at improving clinical parameters over a 4-week period. All the groups showed a significant reduction in levels of P.g. at 4 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the test group when compared to placebo regarding the reduction in the levels of P.g. Anti-P.g. IgY significantly suppressed the numbers of red complex bacteria (RCB) in subgingival plaque and saliva in comparison with placebo. No adverse effects were reported in any of the subjects. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, the present investigation showed that passive immunization with anti-P.g. IgY may prove to be effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis due to its ability to improve clinical parameters and to reduce RCB. No significant differences were found between the anti-P.g. IgY and placebo groups in the reduction of P.g.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.443-448
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• 2021

Objective: Astaxanthin is a natural super antioxidant. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of astaxanthin rich Phaffia rhodozyma (PR) supplementation in diets on laying production performance, egg quality, antioxidant defenses and immune defenses in laying hens. Methods: A total of five hundred and twelve 60-week-old Lohmann Brown laying hens (2,243±12 g) were randomly assigned to four groups, each including 4 replicates with 32 birds per replicate. Astaxanthin rich PR was added to corn-soybean meal diets to produce experimental diets containing 0 (Control), 800 mg/kg, 1,200 mg/kg, and 1,600 mg/kg PR, respectively. The astaxanthin content in the diet was 0.96 mg/kg, 1.44 mg/kg and 1.92 mg/kg respectively. Results: Results showed that dietary PR supplementation tended to increase daily feed intake (p = 0.0512). There was no effect of astaxanthin rich PR on Haugh units, albumen height, egg shape index, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness at weeks 6 (p>0.05). However, egg yolk color was significantly improved (p<0.05). In addition, astaxanthin rich PR supplementation significantly increased serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity (p<0.05), increased serum immunoglobulin G content (p<0.05), and reduced malondialdehyde content (p<0.05) in laying hens. Conclusion: In conclusion, astaxanthin rich PR can improve the color of egg yolk, enhance the antioxidant defenses, and regulate the immune function.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2009

본 연구는 초유 급여를 마친 갓 태어난 Holstein 송아지 14두를 대조구(Con) 및 시험구(IgY)로 나누어 49일 동안 대용유를 급여하면서 난황항체(IgY구)를 1주일 동안 투여하여 사양성적, 분변 상태 및 미생물 균총, 혈액내 생화학적 성분 및 면역관련 지표인 백혈구 성상을 조사하여 가장 바람직한 송아지 포유 및 육성 방법을 조사하였다. 시험결과로서 포유 송아지에게 IgY 투여시 체중 및 증체는 대조구(Con) 및 시험구(IgY)간에 유의적 차이 없이 모두 비슷한 성적을 보였다. 송아지 분변의 대장균(E. coli) 및 유산균 총균수를 조사한 결과 IgY 투여에 따른 대장균 및 유산균 수의 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 분의 상태는 시험구에서 7주째 유의적으로(P<0.05) 고형상태로 배설되었다. 송아지 혈액의 백혈구 감별계수(%)를 조사한 호중구, 림프구, 단핵구, 호염기구 등의 상대적 %는 모든 구에서 정상적인 백혈구 감별 계수를 보여 IgY 투여에 따른 면역 반응에는 차이가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한 혈액내 존재하는 총 단백질, albumin 및 IgG 등에서도 대조구 및 시험구 모두 비슷한 수준을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 포유 송아지에서 1주 동안 IgY 투여는 증체, 면역작용 및 분변 미생물의 균총에는 특이적 영향이 없는 것으로 사료되어, 송아지에게 생후 24시간 이내 초유를 정확하게 급여하고 사양관리에 충실 할 경우 송아지의 포유 및 육성은 성공적으로 이루어 질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.