• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.255-263
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• 2017

This article is for understanding relations between the classifications of gastritis and syndrome differentiation types of Korean Medicine through research on syndrome differentiations of clinically applied gastritis and literature of Korean Medicine. Clinical papers were searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1995 to 2015. Conclusions are as follows. First, disease mechanism of chronic gastritis are qi stagnation, damp stagnation, heat obstruction, blood stasis obstruction, yin damage, damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and pathogenic qi. And qi movement stagnation is shown through the status of chronic gastritis. Second, chronic superficial gastritis belongs to qi aspect syndrome and mainly pathogen excess syndrome. And the key mechanisms are congestion and disharmony of stomach qi sometimes combined with liver depression, food accumulation and dampness-heat. Third, chronic atrophic gastritis belongs to qi-blood syndrome and deficiency-excess complex syndrome with the root of spleen qi deficiency and stomach yin deficiency and the tip of blood stasis, qi stagnation. And key mechanism is damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and toxin-blood stasis. Forth, pathogen excess syndromes are shown at the early stage of chronic gastritis and healthy qi deficiency syndromes after the middle stage. Qi deficiency is shown at the beginning of the disease and yin deficiency at the late stage. And qi deficiency is related with superficial gastritis and yin deficiency with atrophic gastritis.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.25
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• pp.363-389
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• 2011

Modern Chinese Literature, the so-called 'feminist' is a very modern and the traditional criticism and took an important position in the double action. Because a woman's freedom from the bondage of traditional ethics of restoring the social status equal to men but to women does not give, that compared to men and women just the dimension of the problem of isolation is not just. It is dominated by yugajeok worldview by streamlining the whole Chinese society to build a modern society and the country was a critical task. However, multi-cultural life of Lin, Hui-yin and Ling, Shu-hua in the history of the world's attention to the shrine was worried attention to soils, rather than East-West dualism law by taking a mixture of both women in modern Chinese literature and Western literature from the center of efforts to overcome the traditional point hayeotdaneun feminist literature that may be different. Lin, Hui-yin and Ling, Shu-hua to overcome the Western-oriented culture really the true dream of China's globalization and localization could be regarded. She naesewotdeon the banner of feminist literature in the traditional 'anti feudal', 'free personality' silcheondoen under such slogans as well as women's liberation from traditional, male-oriented perspective away from the women's unique experiences and new understanding of the value of the superiority the concept of a woman, and was to create. In particular, the femininity of these women who traditionally associated with women and the unique culture - the creation of a new consciousness, a re-evaluation of traditional feminine skills and talents was to try to.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2021

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證), presented in Discourse on the Origin of Eastern Medicine (醫源論) of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine (Donguisusebowon, 東醫壽世保元). Method The process of development from Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) to Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑) was investigated. And the correlation between Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證) was considered. Results and Conclusions 1. The Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) in the chapter Heat Treatise (熱論篇) of Basic Questions (素問) had evolved into Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑) through Book for Life Saving (Huorenshu, 活人書), a work of Zhu Gong (朱肱), Six Books on Cold Damage disease (Shanghanliushu, 傷寒六書), a work of Tao Hua (陶華) and Introduction to Medicine (YixueRumen, 醫學入門), a work of Li Chan (李梴). 2. The correlation between the Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證) can be analyzed and understood through Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑). 3. Greater Yang meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯) is related to Soyangin early stage of Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury symptomatology and Soyangin early stage of Chest-Heat symptomatology, Yang Brightness meridian disease and Greater Yin meridian disease to Taeeumin Liver-Heat symptomatology, Lesser Yin meridian disease to Soyangin Chest-Heat symptomatology, Lesser Yang meridian disease to Soyangin early stage of Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury symptomatology and Reverting Yin meridian disease to Soeumin Reverting Yin symptomatology of Greater Yang disease.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2024

Objectives : The objective of this study is to compare the properties of Mahuang and Shigao based on their similar effects and how they are manifested in formulas that include these medicinals. Methods : Descriptions of Mahuang and Shigao as written in the Shennongbencaojing, Mingyibielu, Bencaogangmu, Benjingshuzheng were analyzed to determine their similar traits. Formulas in which these medicinals were both used for their similar effects were analyzed. Results & Conclusions : Mahuang and Shigao, through their interaction, both communicate fluids, relieve stagnation, and draw out heat or Yang qi from the Yin part. These similarities influence each other, which is related to their common meridian tropism, the Lung Channel, to diffuse, purify and descend. The ten formulas that include the two medicinals were similar in that Yin and Yang were interactive. Of these, those that relieved stagnation were Maxingganshitang and Daqinglongtang. Those which communicated fluids and relieved stagnation were Yuebitang, Yuebijiabanxiatang, Yuebijiashutang, Xiaoqinglongjiashigaotang, Houpumahuangtang, and Wengetang. Those that drew out heat or Yang qi from the Yin part through interaction between Yin and Yang were Guizhieryuebiyitang and Mahuangshengmatang. Previous studies stated that Mahuang and Shigao are different and using both medicinals in the same formula would repress each other or balance each other out-this study focused on their common properties which resulted in the above-mentioned findings.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.32-44
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• 2002

Gu-Chang is a disorder characterized by recurring ulcers confined to the oral mucosa. Despite much clinical and research attention, the causes remain poorly understood. In this paper, we will compare Gu-Chang with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis(RAS) in order to know what is the similiarity between Gu-Chang and RAS. So we will arrange various oriental and western medical literatures which are important. As a result of arrangement of the causes, symptoms and therapys of Gu-Chang, we can conclude through the studies as follows. 1. The etiologies of Gu-chang are following. In the Sthenia syndrome, there are evil heat of external factor, heat of heart and spleen, insomnia, heat of upper warmer, stress and diet, heat of lung and heart, excessive heat of upper warmer, inappropriate food intake, heat conveyance of organ, heat of stomach merdian, moistured heat of spleen and stomach and stasis of liver energy. In the Asthenia syndrome, there are deficiency of stomach energy, deficiency of upper warmer leading to heat, deficiency of middle warmer leading to cold, deficiency of lower warmer leading to heat, deficiency of middle energy, deficiency of blood, decreased fire and deficiency of soil, yin fire of lower warmer, deficiency of heart yin, deficiency of spleen yin and deficiency of qi and blood. 2. In western medicine the causes of RAS is presumed as local, microbial, systemic, nutritional, genetic, immunologic factors. 3. Once Gu-chang is compared with RAS, in the deficiency of yin leading to hyperactivity of fire, deficiency of yin leading to floating of fire and stasis of liver energy, recurring of Gu-chang is similar to RAS. Although recurring of Gu-chang due to tripple warmer of excessive fire has no recurrance, since there are the degree of Pain, site of lesion, dysphagia etc, it is similar to major RAS. It is may be believed that Sthenia Gu-chang is similar to major RAS, shape of recurring, site of lesion, degrree of Pain and white color of Asthenia Gu-chang are similar to minor RAS, but there is no similarity concerning herpes RAS in the literatures that describe the symptoms. 4. Generally, the treatment of Gu-chang is divided into Asthenia and Sthenia Syndrome. The method of cure to Sthenia syndrome is heat cleaning and purge fire, Asthenia syndrome is nourish yin to lower and adverse rising energy and strength the middle warmer and benefit vital energy. 5. Following is the medication for Sthenia syndrome. Heat of heart and spleen is Do Jok San, Yang Gyek San, Juk Yup Suk Go Tang, evil heat of external factor is Yang Gyek San Ga Gam, Stasis of liver energy is Chong Wi Fae Dok Yum, moistured heat of spleen and stomach is Chong Gi Sam Syep Tang. The medication for Asthenia Syndrome is following. Deficiency of upper warmer leading to heat is Bo Jung Ik Gi Tang, deficiency of middle warmer leading to cold is Bu Ja Lee Jung Tang, deficiency of lower warmer leading to heat is Yuk Mi Ji Hwang Tang, deficiency of yin leading to hyperactivity of fire is Ji Baek Ji Hwang Hwan, deficiency of yin leading to floating of fire is Lee Jung Tang Ga Bu Ja Medicine for external use were Yang Suk San, Boo Wyen San, Rok Po San, Yoo Hwa San ate. 6. In western medicine, there is no specific treatment for RAS, and management strategies depend on dinical presentation and symptoms and includes antibiotics, oral rinses, glucocorticoids, immunomodulatory drugs, vitamines, analgesics, laser and antiviral agents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.118-129
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• 1993

In order to approach the nursing care of clients who are using oriental medicine and to understand the perception of the client who uses oriental medicine practices and the need to develop a model of nursing related to oriental medicine it is important to examine the major nursing concepts as they are found in oriental medicine and as they are differently defined according to the basic thought, theory and philosophical perspectives between East and West. Oriental medicine developed based on Sung Confucianism the teachings of Chut-zu, especially Tai-Chi-Tu Shuo and energy thought which are similar to traditional Korean Sasang Constitutional medicine. The basic theory on which oriental medicine is build is the theory of the five elements of Yin / Eum-Yang Theory(cosmic dual forces) and Meridian Theory. The most important attribute of Yin Yang is the concept of duality, confrontation and dependence, within Yin Yang but which do not exist separately. That is, the universe is a vast, indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Harmony is achieved only when the two primorial forces, Yin and Yang, are brought into perfect balance. Each is contained within the other and there is a continuing interchange between the two. This also applies to the human body including human health which is defined as balanced harmony. The most universal connection of Yin and Yang is found in the universe where the five elements of life, fire, water, earth, wood and metal can be explained as having either Yin or Yang and therefore being in a state of connectedness but systematically circulating between the two, that is essentalilly one (the control of the unified ) or as coexistant poles of individual wholes (the pluralism of Yin Yang Theory) so that it is all unified(balanced) in the Great Absoulte. Human beings also maintain a balance of Yin and Yang in the five elements and this relationship is very important in approaching ·oriental medicine, The meridians are the channels in the body through which the life force flow throughout the body. In oriental medicine the meridians are seen as the railroad, the acupuncture points on the meridians as the stations and energy as the train. In the normal healthy organism, all are maintained in balance and in a contiuous circulation of energy. illness is the result of the energy flow becoming disarranged. Although practitioners of oriental medicine approach the client differently than do practitioners of Western medicine and their method of examining the patient is different, the basic objectives of the examination are the same for practitioners of both types of medicine. Therefore if each could be used to supplement the defiencies in the other and achieve a harmonious cooperation between the two, a higher level of care which is culturally appropriate to korean culture could be achieved. The traditional korean concept of health is a naturalistic view which emphasizes being in harmony with nature. Any manifestation of disease is considered a sign that the body is in a state of disequilibrium and is thus no longer in harmony with the universe. The wholistic view of the world held by practitioners of oriental medicine can be used by nursing in the development of a world view of nursing in which the human being is seen within the macrocosm as part of the natural phenomenon of the universe and but also as a microcosm of the universe, a universe which is a vast and indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Interaction between human beings and their environment and the relationship of this interaction to health are concepts that are also found in nursing. Nursing views human brings, not as an accumulation of separate cells and organs but, as unified wholes interacted in very close relationship nth their environment. Nursing also maintains a view of human beings in which emphasis is placed on the role of the mind in explaining the concepts of harmony and balance in health. Although there are differences between oriental medicine and nursing in approaches to clients, the basic point of view and philosophy have many fundamental similarites. An understanding of the basic thought and philosophy of oriental medicine if applied to nursing, would allow for the development, not only of nursing related to oriental medicine, but of a nursing theory appropriate to the korean context.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

Objectives : Five transport points are often used in acupuncture treatment. However, there is no clear explanation about the reason why the five transport points are matched five phases in this manner. Therefore, we reviewed the literatures and theses about the principal of matching and researched a new way to understand the reason. Methods : We found 8 theses and 3 literatures related to the matching of five transport points to five phases by searching the web sites. And, we reviewed the principal of matching and researched another new way to understand the reason why they are matched so. Results and Conclusions : In the viewpoint of the natural state and function of five phases, the start points arising in yin- and yang-meridian are matched to wood and metal respectively. Therefore, well point matches the wood and metal in yin- and yang-meridian respectively. And by following the flow of five transport points, the other points match with fire, earth, metal, water in yin-meridian and water, wood, fire, and earth in yang-meridian.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.51-75
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• 2000

The result were as follows: 1. Apply the drug to the affected part can used every time of ulcer. 2. Apply the drug to the affected part is used cold drug on yang-syndrome, hot drug on yin-syndrome, regulate drug on ban yin and ban yang-syndrome. 3. Apply the drug to the affected part is used alcohol, water, allii radix(인), zingiberis rhizoma recens(姜), juice of chrysanthemi flos(菊花) and so forth. 4. Apply the drug to the affected part can't used hot drug on yang-syndrome, cold drug on yin-syndrome. 5. Apply the drug to the affected part is used to be very busy of YouYuiKimHoangSan(如意金黃散). 6. Apply the drug to the affected part is used to be very busy on the angelicae adhuricae radix(白芷) of disperse the edema and drain the pus, and on the arisaematis rhizoma(南星), rhei radix et rhizoma(大黃), olibanum(乳香), phellodendri cortex(黃柏), calomelas(輕粉), glycyrrhizae radix(甘草), angelicae gigantis radix(當歸), myrrha(沒藥) of clearing away heat, activating blood circulation and relieve pain. 7. Apply the drug to the affected part is clearing away heat, activating blood circulation 8. Apply the drug to the affected part is cold and hot. 9. Apply the drug to the affected part is pungent, bitter and sweet. 10. Apply the drug to the affected part is non-toxic. 11. Apply the drug to the affected part is used to be very busy on the chanel of liver, heart, spleen, lung, stomach.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1065-1071
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• 2007

It has been known that Asian Medicine theory are based on yin and yang & Five Phases. but recently many therapist using asian medicine in Korea or another nations, take up the position that it is not inevitable for them to adopt the theory of yin-and-yang & Five Phases when they cure a patient. but the point of this view suggests they can not understand totally the real theory about yin-and-yang & Five Phases. asian image-mathematics based on I-Ching could analysis all things with the natural number. the kernel of understanding on principle of I-Ching is realizing that the standard should be changed in some conditions and the form of cosmos should change endless. the system of all thing under sun is divided in three parts on the asian image-mathematics. the nature number from one to nine is divided in three categories that are grouped as 123, 456, 789. So, if we want to understand Five Phases theory, we suggest that it is useful to know the organic connected relations among Four Images, Five Phases, Six Qi(six kinds of weather). the aim of this paper is to arrive at understanding of profound learning on image-mathematics throughout the number of 4, 5, 6 in the concrete context.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2005

Object : This paper is designed to inquire into the influence of eating habits on the emotion of modem people. Method : The methodology is used that searches for materials such as books and treatises on the relationship between eating habits and emotion. Result : Meat used for fast food comes from cows that are fed the feed containing growth hormone and antibiotic. Growth hormone extremely supplements fire or yang within the body while antibiotics undermines the process of yin, leading to an accumulation of damp-heat and inflammation of ministerial fire. Additives contained in instant foods also impinge on the process of yin, leading to poor digestion, damp-heat toxins and ministerial fire. Excessive consumption of meat results in incomplete combustion of fat and hinders the formation of essence. Subsequently, ministerial fire becomes hyperactive as a result of the lack of yin energy. Increased meat consumption in the human diet is coupled with unhealthy eating pattern in which people eat too much for dinner and too quickly. Eating too much disturbs digestion, making it slow and incomplete, leading to excess damp-heat conditions, insufficient amount of vital essence and eventually hyperactive ministerial fire. Milk is considered a catalyst of faster growth, making it suitable for calves. Milk intake rapidly increases the balance of yang and eventually cause hyperactivity of ministerial fire. Conclusion : It is estimated that the eating habits of modern people cause the process of yang, making them feel restless, impatient and aggressive.