• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 2014

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and San-Yin-Jiao (SP6) acupressure on primary dysmenorrhea. Furthermore, the difference in effectiveness between the two methods were compared. METHODS: Twenty-six students participated in this study, and were randomly assigned to a high-frequency TENS group(experimental 1, n=9), a San-Yin-Jiao (SP6) acupressure group(experimental 2, n=9), and no treatment group(control, n=8). They were assessed and treated on the first day of their menstruation. The TENS protocol included applying 20 minutes of stimulation with a frequency of 100Hz, $100{\mu}sec$ pulse width. Four electrodes were placed on the skin 3 cm from midline at T12-L1 and S2-3 paravertebral muscles. San-Yin-Jiao (SP6) acupressure should be applied with the thumb for 10 minutes(8 seconds pressure and 2 seconds rest) on the SP6 acupoint. This procedure should be repeated for the other foot. Dysmenorrheal pain measured two pain assessment tools (VAS, DPT) pre-treatment; immediate post-treatment; 30minutes, 1, 2hours; and 3, 4, 5, 6, 24 hours after the VAS test were added. RESULTS: The results showed significant differences in pain assessments (VAS, DPT) after treatment for subjects of experimental group1 (p<.05) and experimental group2 (p<.05), whereas the between-group comparison found no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: This result supports the idea that using two methods could be effective in pain reduction among students who suffered from primary dysmenorrhea.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1 s.29
• /
• pp.71-95
• /
• 1995

To be helpful to the treatment of pulmonary cancer with oriental medicine, we got clinical reports together and analyzed the data. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The treating methods could be summarized as three methods that were reinforcing vital energy, eliminating harmful Qi, and reinforcing vital energy with eliminating harmful Qi. The methods of reinforcing vital energy were supplementing Qi & Yin, increasing pahological heat & reinforcing kidney, augmenting Qi & blood, supplementing vital energy and strengthening fundermental energy, reinforcing spleen and increasing Qi, lubricate Yin and lung, and the other methods of eliminating harmful Qi were transforming pathological fluid and softening, clarifying heat and eliminating poison, dipersing lung and softening, toxicding and softening, guiding Qi and activating blood, clarifying heat and dispersing lung, guiding Qi and counteracting stress etc., and the methods of supplementing vital energy with eliminating poison were reinforcing spleen and transforming pathological fluid, increasing Qi and activating blood, supplementing Yin and clarifying heat, reinforcing spleen and dry the dampness, lubricating lung and transforming patholigical fluid and supplementing Qi and activating blood. 2. The oriental prescriptions used for pulmonary cancer were Chunkeum-Weekyungtang & Sohamhwingtang, Jinhayookgunjatang, Hyulboochukeotang, Bokbangkyogonamtang was reported to be effective in the treatment of metastasis. 3. Bokbangshinjingtang and haewool were applied for the complications of pulmonary cancer, Soshihotang for fever, hangamryung for tumor pain. Prunus ansu Komarov, Eriobotrya japonica Lirdley, Pyrrosiae lingua Farwel, Steomon japonica Miguel, Maximowiczia chinensis Ruprecht var, Morus bombycis Koidzumi for cough, Panax Pseudo-ginseng Wall. var, Bletilla striata Reichenbach f., Acacia catechu(兒茶) for hemoptysis, Lonicerae flos, Aspongopus chinensis(九香蟲) for chest pain, Cypsum Fibrosum, Gazella gutturosa, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Gypsophila oldhamiana Miquel for fever, Lepidii semen descurainiae semen, Belamcanda chinensis D.C, Gnaphalium affine(佛耳草) for asthma. 4. For the reduction of side effect by chemotherapy and radiotherapy it was known that supplementing Qi was used chiefly for side effect of chemotherapy and augmenting Yin applied to side effect of radiotherapy. 5. The oriental presciptions were suggested for the side effect by chemotherapy and radiotherapy ; Sammaekaek(參麥液), Whaebokwontang(化瘀復元湯), Hwangjungomitang(黃精五味湯), Yukmijihwangtang(六味地黃湯), Hyangsayukgunjatang(香砂六君子湯), Samlyeekulsan for side effect by chemotherapy while Geumgweisingiwhan, Hwanglyentang(黃連湯), Hwanglyenhaedoktang(黃連解毒湯), Yangyeunchungpeitang(養陰淸肺湯), Idongtang(二冬湯), Jayeunkanghwatang(滋陰降火湯) for side effect by radiotherapy.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.615-625
• /
• 2005

Objectives : Poststroke depression is a frequent and specific entity that impaires the rehabilliation and functional recovery of patients with hemiplegia. The author evaluated the effect of Banhahubak-tang(Banxiahoupotang) in patients with poststroke depression. Methods : 38 patients suffering from poststroke depression(determined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, revised. 3rd edition. and Beck Depression Inventory[BDI] cutoff $point{\geqq}10$) in Kyunghee Oriental hospital were randomized into two groups; treatment group(n=19) and control group(n=19). The treatment group was prescribed with Banhahubak-tang(Banxiahoupotang) three times a day fur a week. Control troop was prescribed with other herbal medicines used for stroke Patients three times a day for a week. Patients were evaluated by use of BDI scale, Modified Barthel Index, Depression of Ki score, Yin syndrome score, and Yang syndrome score. Among 38 patients, 24 patients got BDI scores above 21, which is the cut-off score for depression in Korean. The same procedures and assessments described above were applied. Results : Treatment group did not significantly improve compared with control group. Results yielded only slight significance (P=0.086). Especially. patients with poststroke depression as yin syndrome improved more significantly on BDI than those classified as yang syndrome. When BDI cutoff point for depression was defined as being ${\geq}\;21$, treatment group did not significantly improve compared with control group(P=0.114). However, patients with poststroke depression classified as yin syndrome were also significantly improved on BDI than those classified as yang syndrome. Conclusions : This study suggests that Banhahubak-tang(Banxiahoupotang) is significantly effective in patients with poststroke depression classified as yin syndrome.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.26-47
• /
• 1997

We had studied about the therapy of pinggan with apoplexy and the rusult were obtaind as follows. 1. The therapy of Pinggan is based on Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases(傷寒論)'s ShaoyaoGancaoTang(芍藥甘草湯) on the ground of The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic(黃帝內經). 2. Ye Tianshi(葉天士) theorized about the therapy of Pinggan. It was that the internal wind theory combind the theory of that liver and kidney having the same origin. He said that 'Through mild the liver, we calm down the liver to stop the wind, and nourish the kidney and then removed heat'. 3. The prodomal stage was treated by prescription of Ziyin-Huoxue-Xifeng(滋陰活血熄風方), WendanTang(溫膽湯), TianmaGoutongYin(天麻鉤藤飮) and ZhenganXifengTang(鎭肝熄風湯). and The therapy has been used to the symptoms of deficiendy of liver-yin and kidney-yin and psycotic symptoms In convalescence. The prescription of ZhenganXifengTang(鎭肝熄風湯), TianmaGoutongYin(天麻鉤藤飮), and DighuangYinzi(地黃飮子) waked well. 4. Internal cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, movement disorder and senile dementia were treated by the therapy of pinggan, for the action of hypotensor, lipolysis, ataralgesia, defervesence. 5. The medicines of Pinggan-Xifeng like Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus, Scorpio, Bornbyx Batryticatus, Scolopendra, Saigae Tataricae Cornu, and Pinggan-qianyang like Haernatitum, Ostreae Concha, Margaritifera Usta Concha, Eretmochelyos Carapax, Tribuli Fructus were usually used.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.153-166
• /
• 2013

Yang deficiency pattern is a representative syndrome differentiation. This article is a study on to which categories of modern diseases yang deficiency is assigned by reference to modern clinical papers and the meaning of yang deficiency interpreted with a perspective of Korean Medicine and a modern perspective. Yang deficiency, yang qi deficiency, lack of yang qi and yang qi debilitation are the words found in "Nei Ching" and yang qi can be interpreted as something to warm, drive and arouse. Zhangzhongjing considered recovery or loss of Yang as the key to life in "Shanghanlun". Danxi proposed "Yang being liable to hyperactivity, Yin being insufficient" and emphasized pathological ministerial fire of Yang exuberance rather than physiological ministerial fire of Yang deficiency. Zhangjingyue proposed "Yang not being in excess, Yin being often deficient" and understood growth and decline of yin qi are all led by yang qi and put emphasis on true yin in addition to yang qi. Diseases of yang deficiency pattern are related with decline of metabolic level, hypofunction of internal secretion, disorder of immune function, disorder of automatic nerve system, sympathetic nerve inhibition, metabolic disorder of microelements, increase of cGMP, change of microcirculation, low speed of blood stream, kidney malfunction. Diseases related with kidney are sterility, polycystic ovary syndrome, spinal stenosis, edema, renal failure, IgA nephropathy, erectile dysfunction, nephritis, prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, decrease of adrenal cortical hormone by nephrotic syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome. Disease related with heart are heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, pulmonary heart disease. Diseases related with spleen are irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis. Diseases related with liver are hypothyroidism, liver cirrhosis ascites, hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis, hepatic diabetes. Diseases related with lung are allergic rhinitis, cough variant asthma, bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema. And diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aplastic anemia, headache, encephalatrophy, Alzheimer's disease are also related with yang deficiency.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.303-324
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Consumptive is an unhealthy condition that are caused by lack of blood and essence, and that means also some stages of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study is to analysis 108 Prescriptions of Consumptive part in Dongui Bogam. Methods : The 108 Prescriptions of Consumptive part in Dongui Bogam analysed frequency of basic prescriptions, symptoms of prescriptions and the pathology. Results : Ssangbohwan, Yiuihwan, Gamrihwan were used for tonifying were mostly used as basic prescriptions in whole Consumptive part respectively. There are common symptoms in consumptive part in Dongui Bogam. That symptoms are "tidal fever, night sweating, nocturnal emission, cough, sputum, skinny body, weak pulse, spontaneous sweating, deafness, dim vision and tuberculosis". Qi blood(yin yang) pathologies in prescriptions on consumptive part are "yin deficiency, yin deficiency with effulgent fire, yang qi deficiency, dual damage of qi and blood, non-interaction between fire and water, collapse of yang and exhaustion of yin, less blood". viscera and bowels pathologies in prescriptions on consumptive part are "heart and kidney deficiency, spleen-stomach weakness, spleen and kidney great deficiency, weakness of kidney qi, meridian waste in heart, spleen and kidney, damage in heart and lung". Conclusions : As a result of Study on Analysis all Prescriptions of Consumptive part in Dongui Bogam, We can understand more about basic prescriptions, symptoms of prescriptions and the pathology that are using for curing consumptive. We expected that this study will can help to give rationale for future study of consumptive caring.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2 s.66
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2006

Backgrounds : Hyperlipidemia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lowering serum cholesterol levels could reduce the risk of CVD. Insamsansa-eum (Renshenshanzha-yin, ISE), composed of Ginseng Radix and Crataegii Fructus, is a new medicine developed to treat hyperlipidemia and CVD. Objectives : In this study, we intended to explore the clinical effects of ISE on patients with hypercholesterolemia, and moreover we also compared its effects according to the pattern identification. Methods : Subjects were administered ISE with the dose of 600 mg three times a day for 4 weeks. Patterns of subjects were identified with diagnostic scoring system for Yin-Yang and the condition of Excess-Deficiency before treatment. Serum lipids were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of medication. Results : ISE lowered total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), total lipid(TL), phospholipid(PL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) significantly. Compared with the data of our previous study, it was less effective than Atorvastatin but showed equal lipids-lowering effect to Chunghyul-dan (Qingxue-dan, CHD). In Yang pattern group, ISE was less effective in lowering TG and LDL than it was in not-Yang-not-Yinpattern group. On safety assessment, there was no adverse effect, hepatic or renal toxicity. Conclusions : We suggest that ISE is a safe and useful herbal medicine for hypercholesterolemia, and moreover it could be more useful when it is used for patients with not Yang pattern.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 2000

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelves meridians will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials in twenty healthy volunteers when they were sleeping or waking respectively, to do significance test for electric potential of meridian system between hand and foot meridian, yin and yang meridian, exterior and interior of the body, and among the five elements. Methods : When twenty healthy volunteers were sleeping, their electric potentials of well and sea points in branches of the twelve meridians were simultaneously measured by physiograph. After a minute we measured them again, totally 5 times. And then when they were waking, their electric potentials were measured 5 times by the above method. Results : Measurements were analyzed by statistical t-test, we obtained that the left side electric potential of hand or yin meridian was significantly different from that of foot or yang meridian both sleeping and waking. The right side of electric potential was the same result as the left side's. Most of the t-test was significant between exterior and interior of the body, and among the five elements. That meaned that it was partly possible to apply the ancient theory of meridians to the study of electric potential at well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.65-83
• /
• 2009

This research was to analyze the direction ideas of residential Feng Shui. In ancient China residential places were been established by Xiangzhai(相宅) and Buzhai(卜宅) usages. And ancient Chinese always considered geographical features of mountains and waters for setting up their living places. Geographical features were also considered importantly ih representative residential Feng Shui books, Zhaijing(宅經) and Yangzhaisanyao(陽宅三要). In Zhaihing, 24 direction ideas are co-related with Fagui(八卦) and GanZhi(千支) theories, and they are most important residential Feng Shiui direction theories. The basic thoughts of 24 direction ideas of Zhaijing were already formed in Qin(秦) dynasty and modified in early Han(漢) dynasty. In Zhaijing, residential places were splited into Yangzhai(陽宅) and Yinzhai(陰宅) according to YinYang's Qi directions. Those were actually formed from meticulous observations on changing processes of YinYangWuXing(陰陽五行)'s Qi(氣). Constantly changed Qi of YinYangWuXing were studied by old chinese people from the observations on the sun, the moon, the five stars, the Great Bear, and ErShiBaXiu(二十八宿). The origin of Zhaijing's direction ideas is the direction system of ShiPan(式盤) in Qin and Han dynasty. On ShiPan TianGan(天干) Dizi(地支) Fagui TianDiRenGui(天地人鬼) were arranged very systematically into four and 24 directions. DongxiSizhai(東西四宅) theories of Yangzhaisanyao had edited more lately than Zhaijing(宅經), and formed according to Fagui(八卦)'s YinYang(陰陽) principles. But the basic ideas is same with Zhaihing's. It proves that residential Feng Shui theories were constantly improved and modified. And both residential Feng Shui direction ideas of Zhaijing and Yangzhaisanyao are the gentral ideas in old china. The point of that ideas is Sky's four or 24 directions are correspndence with the earth's. It came from the traditional thoughts that Heaven, Earth, and mankind are c0-related and influenced each other according to Qi's changing processes. Gather up above mentioned, the direction ideas of residential Feng Shui is a systematic thoughts of old chinese for harmonizing Tian-Di-Ren-Gui, and is their specific methods for harmonizing the nature's Qi, mankind and spirits.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.15-34
• /
• 1994

This is a literature Study on ophthalmologic disease remedies of the four famous physicians in Jin Yuan period. The results were as follows: 1. Yu Wan So regarded the cause of ophthalmologic disease as the wind and heat(風熱), the blood deficiency(血少), or the deficiency of vital function and essence ,of the kidney(腎氣虛). For each treatment he used the method to remove wind and heat(除風散熱), the tranquillizing and tonifying method to nourish the heart and to relieve mental strain due to dificiency of vital essence(養血安神). the method to nourish Yin in the kidney(補腎水). The important nature of the these medicines is bitter and cold. 2. Jang Jong Jeung regarded the cause of ophthalmologic disease as the blood excess(血太過). or the blood deficiency(血不及). or the fire and heat(火熱). For each treatment he used the method to extract blood(出血療法). the method to nourish the liver and the kidney(補肝腎療法). or the method of vomiting and diarrhea(吐不法). The medicines are usuallly classified into external treatment medicines(外用藥). medicines to disintegrate mass(破積聚藥). purgating medicines(攻下藥). 3. Lee Dong Won regarded the cause of ophthalmologic disease as the spleen and the stomach weakness(脾胃虛弱), excessive fire in the heart(心火太盛). For each treatment he used the method to tranquillize the spleen and the stomach (調理脾胃). the tranquillizing and tonifying method to nourish the heart and to relieve mental strain due to deficiency of vital essence(養血安神). 4. Ju Dan Gye regarded the cause of ophthalmologic disease as the wind and heat(風熱). the blood deficiency(血少). the mental exhaustion(神勞). the kidney weakness(腎弱). For each treatment he used the method to remove wind and heat(除風散熱), the method to nourish blood and yin water(養血補水), the method to relieve mental strain and to remove spiritual heat(安腎瀉神火). the method to nourish yin water(養陰水). These drugs are usually classified into the medicines to remove endogenous heat(淸熱藥). the medicines to nourish yin(補陰藥).