• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.507-512
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• 2021

Since 1993, vivax malaria has been recognized as a public health burden in Korea. Despite of pan-governmental malaria-control efforts and the dramatic reduction in the burden of this disease over the last 10 years, vivax malaria has not been well controlled and has remained continuously endemic. We focused interviewed and examined the charts of 28 confirmed vivax malaria patients given malarial therapy for whom daily records were kept from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do of Korea. Various epidemiological characteristics of vivax malaria, including the incubation period, medication used, and recurrence, and an evaluation of the parasitic characteristics from the focused interviews of patients from this region are described here. Most of the participants indicated the 3 most common symptoms of malaria (headache, chills and fever). Of the 28 cases, 2 experienced a second attack and there were 17 and 11 cases with short- and long-term incubation periods, respectively, yielding a short-term to long-term ratio of 1.5. Based on the parasitemia stages, most of the participants were tested at 5 to 7 days (11 cases) and 7 to 15 days (11 cases) after initial wave of asexual parasites. In conclusion, public health authorities should consider developing management measures to decrease the time lag for diagnosis and drafting unified and robust guidelines for drug use for malaria and drawing up unified and robust guidelines on the use of medication for malaria. It also suggests that routine monitoring, surveillance, and precise medical surveys in high-risk vivax malaria endemic areas are pivotal to controlling this persistent public disease and finally eliminating it from Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2021

Purpose: The hotel industry needs a leader who can actively demonstrate leadership to respond to and accept changes in the organization in a highly competitive and fast-changing environment. Therefore, the role of leaders who instill clear vision and goals of the organization in their members, listen to their opinions, and empathize is paramount. Leaders should encourage successful organizational activities based on active participation by employees and create the best environment for working with a sense of mission and responsibility. This study aims to identify the relationship between empathy leadership and job engagement as a result variable of team cohesion in the hotel culinary department and conduct empirical studies on the role of empathy leadership and job engagement. Research design, data, and methodology: The data were collected from employees who work in culinary department at a five-star franchise hotel located in the Seoul metropolitan area. Because it is difficult to conduct a survey through face-to-face contact with employees due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the online survey was conducted from February 1 to February 28, 2020. A total of 330 questionnaires through online were distributed and 268 employees completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 81%. Of the 268 returned responses, 27 responses were not usable due to missing information. Thus, a total of 241 responses were used for analysis. Results: The study results are as follows. First, it has been shown that the empathy leadership of culinary department in hotel companies has a significant positive impact on the job engagement. Second, it has been shown that job engagement has a significant positive effect on members' team cohesiveness. Third, empathy leadership of hotel companies' culinary department has a significant positive impact on members' team cohesiveness. Fourth, job engagement has a significant positive (+) mediating effect in the relationship between empathy leadership and team cohesiveness in culinary department. Conclusion: This study supports the theory that an emotional and empathic leader's behavior or ability can change the effectiveness or atmosphere of a rapidly changing hotel culinary team organization by presenting a research model on the effect of empathic leadership on job engagement and team cohesiveness. And hotel chefs should be more aware of the importance of empathic leadership and make them a human resource of the organization through formal and informal communication with culinary employees.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.6_1
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• pp.1719-1729
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• 2021

Leaf area index (LAI) provides valuable information necessary for sustainable and effective management of forests. Although global high resolution LAI data are provided by European Space Agency using Sentinel-2 satellite images, they have not considered forest characteristics in model development and have not been evaluated for various forest ecosystems in South Korea. In this study, we proposed a LAI estimation model combining machine learning and the PROSAIL radiative transfer model using Sentinel-2 satellite data over a local forest area in South Korea. LAI-2200C was used to measure in situ LAI data. The proposed LAI estimation model was compared to the existing Sentinel-2 LAI product. The results showed that the proposed model outperformed the existing Sentinel-2 LAI product, yielding a difference of bias ~ 0.97 and a difference of root-mean-square-error ~ 0.81 on average, respectively, which improved the underestimation of the existing product. The proposed LAI estimation model provided promising results, implying its use for effective LAI estimation over forests in South Korea.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2021

The seaweed, Gracilaria verrucosa (red seaweed) was fermented to produce bioethanol. Optimal thermal acid hydrolysis conditions were determined as 200 mM H₂SO₄ and 10% (w/v) seaweed slurry at 130℃ for 60 min yielding 47.5% of pretreatment efficiency (E_p). After the thermal acid hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification was carried out with 16 U/ml Viscozyme L, Cellic CTec2 or mixture of Viscozyme L and Cellic CTec2 to G. verrucosa hydrolysates. Enzymatic saccharifications with Viscozyme, Cellic CTec2 or mixture of those yielded 7.3 g/l glucose with efficiency of saccharification, E_s = 34.9%, 11.6 g/l glucose with E_s = 64.4% and the mixture of those 9.6 g/l glucose with E_s = 56.6%, respectively. Therefore, based on the E_s value, Cellic CTec2 was selected for the optimal enzyme for enzymatic saccharification of G. verrucosa hydrolysate. The ethanol productions with non-adapted S. cerevisiae CEN-PK2 (wild type) and S. cerevisiae CEN-PK2 with adaptive evolution to galactose produced 8.5 g/l ethanol with Y_EtOH = 0.19 and 21.5 g/l ethanol with Y_EtOH = 0.50 at 144 h, respectively. From these results, the ethanol production by S. cerevisiae with adaptive evolution showed high concentration of ethanol production using G. verrucosa as a substrate.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2017

'Hwaweon 7' was developed from a cross between the African upland cultivar, 'Moroberekan' and 'Ilpumbyeo' based on marker-aided backcross selection. The recurrent parent, Ilpumbyeo is a high grain quality cultivar with medium to late maturity. Hwaweon 7 is nearly isogenic to Ilpumbyeo except a small Moroberekan introgressed segment on chromosome 6 harboring genes related with spikelets per panicle and internode diameter. The preliminary and replicated yield trial was conducted at Chungnam National University and Chungcheongnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension (CARES), Yesan in 2010 and 2011. The local adaptability test was carried out by the National Seed Management Office (NSMO) in 2012 and 2013. This cultivar was registered to NSMO with a cultivar designated as "Hwaweon7". This cultivar averaged 80cm in culm length and has a medium growth duration. Milled rice of "Hwaweon7" is translucent and the grain quality traits are comparable to those of the recurrent parent. The average yield potential of Hwaweon 7 in grain was about 6.48 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level for two years about 5.1% higher than that of Ilpumbyeo due to increase in spikelets per panicle. This variety is tolerant to lodging and the tolerance is due to the APO1 gene controlling the base internode diameter on chromosome 6 introgressed from the donor parent, Moroberekan. The Apo1 gene would be useful in enhancing resistance to lodging in rice breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.280-284
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• 2017

'Hwaweon 6' was developed from a cross between 'Hwaseongbyeo' and a wild species, Oryza minuta L. (Acc. No. 101154) based on marker-assisted selection and backcrossing. The recurrent parent 'Hwaseongbyeo' is a high grain quality cultivar with medium maturity. Hwaweon 6 is nearly isogenic to Hwaseongbyeo except a small O. minuta introgressed segment on chromosome 7 harboring genes related with spikelets per panicle. The preliminary and replicated yield trial was conducted at Chungnam National University and Chungcheongnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension (CARES), Yesan in 2009 and 2010. The local adaptability test was carried out by the National Seed Management Office (NSMO) in 2011 and 2012. This cultivar was registered to NSMO with a cultivar designated as Hwaweon 6. This cultivar averaged 80cm in culm length and has a medium growth duration. Milled rice of Hwaweon 6 is translucent and the grain quality traits are comparable to those of the recurrent parent. The average yield potential of Hwaweon 6 in grain was about 6.57 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level for two years about 3.0% higher than that of Hwaseongbyeo due to an introgression of the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for spikelets per panicle (qSPP7) from O. minuta. This variety is comparable to Hwaseongbyeo in low temperature germinability and cold tolerance. The qSPP7 QTL would be useful in enhancing yield potential in rice breeding program.

• Vascular Specialist International
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.94-102
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• 2018

Purpose: Aim of this study is to report real-life experience on the treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD) with a specific drug-coated balloon (DCB), and to evaluate potential prognostic factors for outcomes. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study reporting outcomes in patients with PAD who were treated with the Lutonix DCB during a four-year period. Major outcomes included: all-cause mortality, amputation, clinical improvement, wound healing and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Mean follow-up was $24.2{\pm}2.3$ months. Results: Overall, 149 patients (mean age: $68.6{\pm}8.3$ years; 113 males) were treated, either for intermittent claudication (IC) (n=86) or critical limb ischemia (CLI) (n=63). More than half the target lesions (n=206 in total) were located in the superficial femoral artery and 18.0% were below-the-knee lesions. CLI patients presented more frequently with infrapopliteal (P=0.002) or multilevel disease (P=0.0004). Overall, all-cause mortality during follow-up was 10.7%, amputation-free survival was 81.2% and TLR-free survival was 96.6%. CLI patients showed higher all-cause mortality (P=0.007) and total amputation (P=0.0001) rates as well as lower clinical improvement (P=0.0002), compared to IC patients. Coronary artery disease (CAD), gangrene and infrapopliteal disease were found to be predictors for death whereas CLI and gangrene were found to be predictors for amputation, during follow-up. Conclusion: PAD treatment with Lutonix DCBs seems to be an efficient and safe endovascular strategy yielding promising results. However, CAD, gangrene, CLI and infrapopliteal lesions were found to be independent predictors for adverse outcomes. Larger series are needed to identify additional prognostic factors.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.226-230
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• 2010

'Gwanghan' (Avena sativa L.), a winter oat for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2009. It was derived from a cross between 'Early80' and 'Gwiri23'. A parent, 'Early80', has early heading and high yielding, while Gwiri23 has mid-heading with large-size grain. Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Suwon and Yeoncheon, respectively. A line, 'SO96016-B-112-YB-12-7', was selected for earliness, cold tolerance, and good agronomic characteristics and designated as a line name of 'Gwiri64'. The line was subsequently evaluated for cold tolerance, earliness, and forage yield in four different locations, Yesan, Iksan, Kimjae, and Jeju, from 2007 to 2009, and finally named as 'Gwanghan'. Over 3 years, the average forage dry matter yield of 'Gwanghan' harvested at milk-ripe stage was $16.4MT\;ha^{-1}$, compared with $15.4MT\;ha^{-1}$ of check cultivar 'Samhan'. 'Gwanghan's' heading date is about 3 days earlier than that of check cultivar, and is adapted primarily for winter cultivation in the mid-southern regions of Korean peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.158-162
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• 2009

"Wonkwang" is a new sprout-soybean cultivar developed from the cross between Danyeobkong and MS91001 at the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) and National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, in 2007. The preliminary, advanced and regional yield trials to evaluate the performance of Iksan 56 were carried out from 2003 to 2007. This cultivar has a determinate growth habit, purple flower, grayish brown pubescence, yellow seed coat, Grayish brown hilum, lanceolate leaflet shape and small seed size (10.9 g/100 seeds). The maturity date of "Wonkwang" is three days later than the check variety, "Pungsan". It has a good seed quality for soybean-sprout and resistance to lodging. The soybean-sprouts grown from "Wonkwang" have high isoflavone ($3,481{\mu}g/g$)contents. This cultivar has resistance to soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and necrotic symptom (SMV-N) and other most troublesome soybean diseases which are bacterial pustule and black root rot. The grain yield of "Wonkwang"in the regional yield trials (RYT) for 3 consecutive years was averaged 3.05 ton per hectare, which was 8% higher than that of the check cultivar "Pungsan".

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.414-421
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• 2008

We conducted a QTL analysis of agronomic traits using 117 $BC_3F_5$ and $BC_3F_6$ lines developed from a cross between Ilpumbyeo and Moroberekan. Genotypes of 117 $BC_3F_5$ lines were determined using 134 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 832 Moroberekan chromosome segments with 410 homozygous and 422 heterozygous, respectively, were detected, and the genetic distance of introgression segments ranged from 0.5 cm to 112.1 cm. A linkage map constructed using 134 SSR markers was employed to characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL). The 117 $BC_3F_5$ and $BC_3F_6$ lines were evaluated for seven agronomic traits at two locations in 2006 and 2007 and at one location in 2007. A total of 26 QTLs were identified for seven traits including days to heading, and the phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 9.2% to 24.2%. Moroberekan alleles contributed positive effects in the Ilpumbyeo background at eleven QTL loci including panicle length and spikelets per panicle. Five QTLs, two for days to heading and one each for culm length, panicle length and spikelets per panicle were consistently detected in every occasions indicating that these QTLs are stable. Among them, two QTLs, spp6 for spikelets per panicle and pl6 for paniclel length were localized in the similar region. Increase in spikelets per panicle at this locus might be due to the increase in panicle length, because both traits were associated with increase in spikelets per panicle and panicle length due to the presence of the Moroberekan allele. These Moroberekan QTLs might be useful in breeding programs to develop high-yielding cultivars.