• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 2016

Replica bit-line technique is used for making enable signal of sense amplifier which accurately tracks bit-line of SRAM. However, threshold voltage variation in the replica bit-line circuit changes the cell current, which results in variation of the sense amplifier enable time, $T_{SAE}$. The variation of $T_{SAE}$ makes the sensing operation unstable. In this paper, in addition to conventional replica bit-line delay ($RBL_{conv}$), dual replica bit-line delay (DRBD) and multi-stage dual replica bit-line delay (MDRBD) which are used for reducing $T_{SAE}$ variation are briefly introduced, and the maximum possible number of on-cell which can satisfy $6{\sigma}$ sensing yield is determined through simulation at a supply voltage of 0.6V with 14nm FinFET technology. As a result, it is observed that performance of DRBD and MDRBD is improved 24.4% and 48.3% than $RBL_{conv}$ and energy consumption is reduced which 8% and 32.4% than $RBL_{conv}$.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

Many paddy cultivating farmers in the country are forced to use their limited resources to produce adequate food for their family, leading to the degradation and reduction in potential of these resources. The yield levels of paddy at the farmers' level and in the Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) conducted in the farmers' fields is not at par with potential yield of the paddy variety. The gap between potential yield of crop variety and yield realized in FLDs refers to Research gap and the yield gap between FLDs and due to farmers' practice refers to Extension gap. The earlier studies conducted in India in general and in Andhra Pradesh in particular highlighted the existence of both research and extension gaps with reference to paddy. It is essential that, the narrowing of both research and extension gaps is not static, but dynamic considering the influence of technological interventions in boosting paddy yields at FLDs level and at farmers' level and also with the improvement of the yield potential of paddy varieties. This calls for integrated and holistic approaches to address these two gaps and with this background, the researcher aimed at this in depth study. The findings revealed that, research gaps are high with reference to weed management and pest management and extension gaps are high with reference to farm mechanization followed by fertilizer management. Reliable source of seed, capital use and frequency of meetings with Scientists or Agricultural Officers significantly influence the extension gaps in paddy. Farmers also prioritized socio-economic and technical constraints and the analysis infers that, it is high time now for the farmers to adopt the planned technological interventions on scientific scale to minimize the extension gaps to the extent possible. As the enabling environment in the State of Andhra Pradesh is highly encouraging for the farmers with relevant policy instruments in the form of subsidized inputs, free power, credit at concessional rates of interest, constructing irrigation projects etc., the adoption of the proposed technological interventions significantly contribute to minimizing both research and extension gaps in paddy cultivation in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.554-562
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• 2004

An empirical relationship between parameters from SP curves and tensile properties has been systematically investigated by experimental tests and FEM simulations. A series of SP and tensile tests were performed. SP tests were also simulated by FE analysis with various tensile properties. It was found that the yield loads(Py) and the maximum loads( $P_{MAX}$) in SP curves were linearly related with the yield strength($\sigma$$_{o}$) and the tensile strength($\sigma$$_{UTS}$), respectively. The yield loads defined from the intersection point of two lines tangent to the elastic bending region and plastic bending region showed better relation to the yield strength than those from offset line. The maximum loads in SP curves showing plastic instability region was linearly related with the tensile strengths. The slope of SP curves in simulation results had a close correlation with the hardening coefficient and hardening strength as well.l.l.l.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.269-274
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of seeding method on winter survival and dry matter yield of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam. "Kospeed") in paddy field for two years. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of four different seeding methods, R-LS-P(rotary-line sowing-packing), R-BS-P(rotary-broadcast seeding-packing), R-BS(rotary-broadcast seeding), R-BS-TR(rotary-broadcast seeding-trifling rotary), BS-TR(broadcast seeding-trifling rotary). The emergence ratio of broadcast was decreased by 12% and winter survival was decreased by 17% compared with line sowing. The R-BS-TR treatment which was practical seeding method of rye was decreased seeding stand ratio by 65.2% and winter survival by 6.7% compared with others seeding methods. Dry matter yield of line sowing(8,151 kg/ha) was higher than that of broadcast(6,281 kg/ha) and R-BS-P treatment was the highest DM yield as 7,166 kg/ha. There was not found significant difference among seeding method in forage quality. The results of this experiment indicated that R-BS-P(rotary-broadcast seeding-packing) was recommendable the best seeding method after harvested whole crop rice in paddy field.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.899-904
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• 2001

A field trial on selection for increased live weight in Black Bengal (BB) goat was conducted over two generations. Parents of both sexes were selected (mass selection) based on mature body weight criteria set against age. A parallel randomly mated line was maintained to compare the response (R) of selection at birth. 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age in both generations. Lactation yield (LY), average per day yield (APDY) and lactation length (LL) were evaluated in the selected line in comparison to randombreds as a result of correlated response. Live weights were significantly improved at onward bir:th in first generation and only at birth in second generation. Improvements (%) in live weight at 3, 6. 9 and 12 months in first generation were 17.6, 18.4, 16.6, and 12.0 at birth in second generation. Significant correlated R were found in LY and APDY. Results suggest that there may be a positive relationship between live weight and lactational traits in BB goats of Bangladesh. It was also concluded that such a field scheme can be effectively used for genetic improvement of goats in subsistence farming, at least for short term gain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1055-1060
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• 2001

Experimental data for the on-line estimation of cell concentration and growth rate are presented. For this purpose, we utilized the on-line calculation of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR), which was derived from a liquid phase dynamic mass balance for the oxygen during the active growth phase in cyclosporin A (CyA) fermentation. The cell yield coefficient, based on the oxygen $(Y_{x/o})$for both suspended and immobilized cells of Tolypocladium inflatum, was estimated as $1.9 gDCW/gO_2$ from a very good linear correlation between the cell mass produced and the total oxygen consumed. The calculated yield showed a good agreement with the value of $(Y_{x/o})$ generated from the correlation between the cell growth rate and the oxygen uptake rate. In addition, further experimental data are given, which were also applied to determine the specific oxygen uptake rate of T. inflatum cells during the exponential phase of CyA fermentation. A theoretical basis for the analysis of these fermentation parameters is also provided.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.10 no.2 s.35
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• pp.291-301
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• 1998

This paper is a study on the structural behavior of CFCT(Concrete-Filled Circular Tubular) column to H-beam connections with longitudinal rib. The important parameters are being longitudinal rib or not. variable column thickness(5.8mm. 9.2mm. 12.0mm. 15.0mm) around the joint between CFCT and H-beam and the width of flange to diameter. Test results are summarized for the strength, initial stiffness, failure mode and energy absorption capacities of each specimen. These are compared with the theoretical results(Yield line theory, numerical analysis). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the stiffness and the strength of connections to evaluate the structural behavior of the CFCT column to H-beam connections with longitudinal rib.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1057-1064
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• 2005

Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes with mixed oxydiacetate (ODA) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands and with homoleptic ODA reveal characteristic line-splitting at 10 K, depending on the site-symmetry of the lanthanide ion in the complex. The energy-level schemes of the $^7F_J$ states and the emitting levels for Eu(III) and Tb(III) ions have been proposed by simulating the line splitting in the framework of crystal-field Hamiltonian. The sets of refined crystal-field parameters for the experimentally determined sitesymmetry satisfactorily reproduce the experimental energy-level schemes. In addition, the PL quantum yield and the decay time were determined at room temperature. The PL quantum yields of [$Eu(ODA){\cdot}(phen){\cdot}4H_2O]^+$ and [Tb$(ODA){\cdot}(phen){\cdot}4H_2O]^+$ in the crystalline state (Q = 17.7 and Q = 56.6%, respectively) are much greater than those of [Eu($ODA)_3]^{3-}and\;[Tb(ODA)_3]^{3-}$(Q = 1.1 and Q = 1.3, respectively), due to the energy transfer from phen to the lanthanide ion. In the aqueous state, the relaxation of the phen moiety due to the solvent results in the reduction of the quantum yield and the shortening of the lifetime.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.110-117
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• 2002

In a strengthened bridge deck which received increased service loads, failure patterns of bridge deck vary depending on deck thickness, compressive strength of concrete, yielding strength of reinforcement, reinforcement ratio and additional strengthening ratio. General failure pattern that is most commonly reported as punching shear failure after the main rebar yields, followed by yielding of distributing rebar. In this paper, by Proposing a limit to the amount of strengthening material, a brittle failure can be prevented and a ductile failure mode similar to that developed in unstrengthened deck is derived. In order to calculated the limit strengthening ratio, the yield line theory and previously proposed plastic punching shear model have been used

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 1995

Anthocyanin formation in callus cultures using Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa was evaluated on basal MS medium supplemented with various levels of growth regulators, sucrose and nitrate concentrations. The highest yield of anthocyanin from cultured cells was produced under 5% sucrose, 1/8 strength of nitrate(12.5% of basic concentration) and combination of 1.0 mg/l IAA with 2 mg/l BAP, respectively. The high anthocyanin producing cell line no. 11 was selected among 15 cell lines, showing over 80% cells contained anthocyanin producing cells. From these cells, the highly productive red protoplast was isolated and the highest protoplast yield, $6.7{\times}10^6$ was obtained in enzyme combination IV which is composed of 2.0% cellulase, 0.5% macerozyme and 0.1% pectolyase.