• 한국연초학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1979

香草 醱酵葉과 Perique葉으로 부터 細菌을 분리하여 니코틴- 분해능과 생육상태를 조사한후 우수 세균을 선발하였다. 선발세균은 H- 81, P- 5, P- 7은 Bacillus, H- 82 : Pseudomonas. P- 4 : Corynebacterium으로 동정하였다. 이들 細菌을 靑臭葉에 처리 발효한 결과 대체로 산소흡수량과 pH, 니코틴이 낮아졌고 휘발성 유기산, 석유에텔추출물이 증가되었다. 한편 色澤은 黃淸色에서 黑褐色으로 變化되었으며 靑臭味도 除去되고 그에 따른 香喫味도 좋아졌으나 특히 H-82인 Pseudomonas가 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1987

인삼의 종 및 품종간 생리적 특성을 알기 위하여 볏짚 해가림하의 동일한 환경조건하에서 재배된 Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer 인 자경종, 황숙종, 미마끼, 소련재배인삼 그리고 Panax quinque folium L.인 미국삼을 광도, 온도, 시기별 광합성능력과 기공, 엽록소, 비엽중 및 지상하부 형질들을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 광포화점은 자경종, 황숙종, 미마끼 및 미국삼이 15,000 lux 내외였고 소련재배인삼은 10,000 lux 내외였 다. 2. 광합성 최적 온도는 자경종, 황숙종, 미국삼 및 미마끼가 20 $^{\circ}C$ 내외였으나 소련재배인삼은 15$^{\circ}C$ 내외였다. 3. 광합성속도(생육기)는 미국삼이 7.8 mg($CO_2$/dm$^2$/h) 정도로 가장 높았고, 자엽종. 황숙종, 미마끼가 약 6~7mg($CO_2$/dm$^2$/h)였으며 소련재배인삼은 5mg($CO_2$/dm$^2$/h) 정도로 가장 낮았다. 4. 암호흡속도는 온도가 높아짐에 따라 달라지는 영향이었으나 종 및 품종간에는 비슷하였다. 5. 단위 엽면적당 기공수는 미국삼이 가장 많았고 소련재배인삼이 가장 적었으며 기공의 길이는 그 반대였다. 6. 엽록소함량은 미국삼이 가장 많았으며, 비엽중은 미마끼가 가장 높았다. 7. 2년근시 근중은 미국삼이 가장 무거웠고 소련재단인삼이 가장 가벼웠으나, 엽수는 자엽종, 황숙종, 미마끼가 많았고, 미국삼, 소련재배인삼 순으로 적었다. 8. 6년근주 근중은 자엽종, 황숙종, 미마끼가 가장 무거웠고. 미국삼 소련재배인삼 순으로 가벼웠으며, 엽수도 같은 경향이었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2000

토마토를 가해하는 아메리카잎굴파리의 발생과 가해양상 그리고 살충제처리에 의한 아메리카잎굴파리의 방제가 토마토 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 1997년부터 1998년까지 전남지방의 플라스틱하우스를 중심으로 연구하였다. 봄 재배에서 황색끈끈이트랩과 sweeping에 의한 조사 결과는 5월 하순부터 밀도가 급격히 증가하였으며 sweeping 보다는 끈끈이트랩 조사에 의한 밀도변동이 뚜렷하였다. 피해엽율은 5년 이상 계속하여 토마토를 재배한 포장에서는 년중 피해엽을 확인할 수 있었으며, 4월 상순 이전에는 20%이하, 중순 30%, 하순 40%, 5월 상순에 60%, 하순이후에는 80%수준이었다. 반면 처녀재배지에서는 정식후 6주째부터 피해엽이 나타나기 시작하였으며 피해엽율은 80%수준으로 급격히 높아졌다. 가을재배에서는 재배연수에 관계없이 정식때부터 피해엽율이 80%수준을 유지하였다. 성충과 유충의 발생소장은 봄재배의 경우 5월하순부터 성충이 유인되었고 6월하순에 포회량이 가장 많았으나 종령유충은 발생초기부터 주당 $6{\sim}8$마리로 수확기까지 거의 비슷한 밀도 수준을 유지하였다. 가을재배의 경우 정식직후부터 3주째까지는 성충과 유충의 밀도가 높게 유지되었으나 4주째인 9월상순부터는 밀도가 급격히 떨어졌다. 살충제처리에 의한 방제 효과는 클로르페나피르 유제, 싸이로마진 수화제, 아바멕틴 유제가 아메리카잎굴파리의 유충의 밀도를 효과적으로 억제시킬 수 있었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1980

Kidneybean(Phaseolus vlgaris L.) and buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum M$\"{O}$nch) seedlings cultured with Hoagland solution to the height of 7 to 10cm in the earthern pot containing sand were used for experimental plants. One group of the plants was irrigated with Hoagland solution composed of various Al concentrations of 0 to 1,000 ppm containing 50ppm Ca, and the other group was irrigated with Hoagland solution composed of various Ca concentrations of 0 to 1,000ppm containing 100ppm Al for a month during June and July. By Al-surplus over 100ppm, the margins of backwheat leaves were curied down and turned into yellow-brown necrosis simialr to Ca-deficiency, and the old kidney bean leaves showed marginal and veinal chlorosis in addition to the early shedding of leaves. With Al-surplus of 100ppm the content of chlorophyll a and b in both plants was decreased by 30~40%. The ratio 3/1 of chlorophyll a/b was not altered by Al-surplus and Ca-deficienty at an early stage, but it was affected markedly at a final stage of growth. Leaf respiration with 100ppm Al containing 50pm Ca was slightly affected in buckwheat, but decreased by 20% in kidneybean. With Al-surplus of 100ppm the ATP content was decreased by 32% in the kidneybean leaves and by 80% in buckwheat leaves, whereas with Ca-deficiency it was decreased by 72% in kidneybean and by 90% in buckwheat. The rhythm of ATP level showed self-relience without being affected by light or temperature under the green house condition although by Al-s rplus and Ca-deficiency the ATP level of the rhythm was lower than that of control.trol.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.729-731
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• 1998

A black leg disease in wasabi occurred, showed black spots on the leaves, changed a rhizome color to black by invading the vascular bundles of stem and root, thus lowered the quality of the rhizome. The mycelium of the pathogen was yellow at first and then turned to dark yellow on oat meal agar medium. The pycnidium was globose or subglobose, dark brown in color, and 44~120$\times$28~170 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size and had one or two ostioles on the upper part. The pycnidiospores are single-celled, hyaline, and 4~6$\times$1.2~2.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. The causal pathogen was identified as Phoma wasabiae. The black leg disease of wasabi occurred within the range of 28 to 32% at Chonbuk province in 1994~1995. The disease was appeared from April to October and severe in June and July. The black leg caused by P. wasabiae was first described in Korea.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.778-783
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• 2008

Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) RNA has two hairpins in its 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR). To investigate the role of the hairpins in replication of TYMV, mutants lacking one or both of the two hairpins were constructed. The TYMV constructs were introduced into Chinese cabbage by an Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA transfer method, called agroinfiltration. Analysis of total RNA from agroinfiltrated leaves showed that replication of the mutant TYMV RNA lacking both hairpins was about 1/100 of wild type. This mutant was also impaired in systemic spread. Deletion analysis of each hairpin revealed that both hairpins were needed for maximal replication. The deletion analysis along with sequence modification of the hairpin structure indicates that the second hairpin plays a role in efficient long-distance systemic movement of TYMV.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.343-346
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• 2015

In 2006~2010, leaf spot symptoms, that is, small, yellow spots that turned into dark brown-to-black lesions surrounded by a yellow halo, were observed on Cymbidium spp. in Gongju, Taean, and Gapyeong in Korea. A Fusarium species was continuously isolated from symptomatic leaves; in pathogenicity testing, isolates caused leaf spot symptoms consisting of sunken, dark brown lesions similar to the original ones. The causal pathogen was identified as Fusarium subglutinans based on morphological and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequence analyses. This is the first report of F. subglutinans as the cause of leaf spot disease in Cymbidium spp. in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1233-1242
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• 2011

The in vivo digestibility of mulberry leaves (Morus alba) and the effects of the partial replacement of cotton seed with fresh mulberry leaf in rations on the performance of growing Vietnamese cattle was investigated. For the in vivo digestibility trial, twenty castrated rams of Phanrang breed (a local prolific breed) with an initial weight of 23-25 kg, were first assigned to four groups according to weight and then randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments to determine digestibility of nutrients in mulberry leaves (M. alba), natural Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and buffalo grass (Panicum maximum cv. TD 58). All forages were cut and chopped daily before being offered (at 120% maintenance) to the sheep. In the feeding trial, 20 Laisind (Vietnam yellow cows${\times}$Red Sindhy bulls) crossbred bulls averaged 18 month old and 184 kg were used to investigate the effect of partial replacement of cottonseed in the diet by mulberry leaves on live weight gain and feed conversion rate. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four levels of fresh mulberry leaves which varied from 0 to 15% of total dietary dry mater and five animals per treatment over an 84 day period. The in vivo digestion trial showed the superior quality of mulberry leaves compared with the grasses. Chemical analysis indicated that mulberry leaves had the highest CP and the lowest NDF contents (22.3 and 31.1% DM, respectively) among the four forages tested. Digestibility of DM and OM of the mulberry leaf (66.4 and 71.8%, respectively) was also the highest but that of CP (58.2%) and NDF (58.4%) was the lowest of the four forages evaluated (p<0.05). Consequently, the ME value and therefore net energy (NE) and unit feed for lactation (UFL) values of the mulberry leaves, which was estimated from chemical composition and digestibility values, were the highest among the forages investigated in the present study. Results of the feeding trial showed no treatment effect on average daily gain (ADG) of the cattle. The values were 554, 583, 565 and 568 g/d for animals in the diets of 0, 5, 10, and 15% mulberry leaves inclusion, respectively. Total DM intake of the animal was not affected by the treatment when expressed as kg/animal/d. However, when adjusted for metabolic weight of the animal the DM intake was reduced (p<0.05) as whole cottonseed was replaced by mulberry leaves in the ration. When the level of mulberry leaves in the ration increased from 5 to 15% of dietary DM at the expense of whole cottonseed, CP and ME intakes of the cattle were significantly decreased (p<0.05) and the feed to gain ratio reduced by 8 to 14% as compared with the control diet (p<0.05). Mulberry leaf is a good feed ingredient for ruminants because of its high level of crude protein and high digestibility of nutrients and energy. Mulberry leaves can be efficiently used as a source of protein supplement to replace cottonseed, a more expensive animal feeds ingredient, in the diet for Vietnamese cattle.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.497-502
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• 2020

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an economically important plant pathogen that causes stunted growth, delayed heading, leaf yellowing, and purple leaf tip, thereby reducing the yields of cereal crops worldwide. In the present study, a reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay was developed for the detection of BYDV in oat leaf samples. The RT-RPA assay involved incubation at an isothermal temperature (42℃) and could be performed rapidly in 5 min. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed to occur with other cereal-infecting viruses, and the method was 100 times more sensitive than conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the assay was validated for the detection of BYDV in both field-collected oat leaves and viruliferous aphids. Thus, the RT-RPA assay developed in the present study represents a simple, rapid, sensitive, and reliable method for detecting BYDV in oats.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2013

Raman spectroscopy provides many advantages compared to other common analytical techniques due to its ability of rapid and accurate identification of unknown specimens as well as simple sample preparation. Here, we described potential of Raman spectroscopic technique as an efficient and high throughput method to detect plants infected by economically important viruses. To enhance the detection sensitivity of Raman measurement, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was employed. Spectra of extracts from healthy and Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) infected Chinese cabbage leaves were collected by mixing with gold (Au) nanoparticles. Our result showed that TYMV infected plants could be discriminated from non-infected healthy plants, suggesting the current method described here would be an alternative potential tool to screen virus-infection of plants in fields although it needs more studies to generalize the technique.