• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1079-1090
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• 2021

This study examines the influence of individual investors' sentiment on Japanese IPO aftermarket performance (measured by return and trading volume on the first trading day and return on the first trading year). This study proposes that IPOs will be, on average overpriced on the listing day when individual investors' sentiment is highly optimistic. Higher initial return and trading volume are expected in IPOs with higher investors' optimism. Further, the positive initial return will occur in the short term as individual investors usually are uninformed investors who demand shares based on their personal preferences, which will last only in a short period. Following the overvaluation hypothesis, price reversals should be predicted once the effect of individual investors' optimism has disappeared, causing the IPOs to underperform in the long term. Using 520 Japanese IPOs issued from January 2010 to December 2019, this study reveals that individual investors' sentiment is positively and significantly related to returns and trading volume on the first trading day. Return reversals are found on the first trading year despite the insignificant influence of individual investors' sentiment on IPO return on the first trading year.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2013

Global warming also has effects on the phenology. The limitation of phenology study is an acquisition of phenology data. Satellite images analysis can make up limitation of monitering data. This study is to analyze spatial distribution and characteristics of phenology changes using MODIS images. Research data collected images of 16 day intervals of 11 years from year 2001 to 2010. The data analyzed 228 images of 11 years. It can figure out changes of phenology by analyzing enhanced vegetation index of MODIS image. We made a comparison between changes of phenology and flowering of cherry blossoms. As a results, Startup of season spatially was getting late from southern area to north area. Startup of Phenology was foreshortened 13 days during 11 years, and change ratios of cherry blooming was getting more faster from 0.18 dat to 0.22 day per year during that same period.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2006

To use bamboo in the pulp industry, the anatomical characteristics of 60-day-old, 1-year-old, 2-year-old, and 3-year-old moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel), and the characteristics of fiber and sheet of alkali pulp made of moso bamboo were investigated. Moso bamboo is composed of metaxylens and parenchyma cells in the inner part of the wall, and thick-walled small bundle sheathes near the outer walls. Moso bamboo showed the heterogeneity in anatomical structure. The longest fibers were shown in the middle part, and the widest width in the inner part. The lignin contents were 14.4% in 60-day-old bamboo, which was not lignified yet. The lignin contents in bamboo above 1 year were approximately 35%. The yields of alkali pulp of moso bamboo were in the range between 41 and 47%, and the yields tend to decrease with the increase of ages. The lignin contents of 60-day-old bamboo were 2.1% and those of bamboo above 1 year showed approximately 4% to 5% increment. The length, width, and curl index of fiber in alkali pulp appeared to be similar in all ages. However, coarseness increased slightly with the increase of bamboo ages. The distribution of long fiber was shown much in 60-year-old bamboo. The optical and mechanical properties of moso bamboo tended to decrease with the increase of bamboo age.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the health status of Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) soldiers changed after one year of military service. Methods: We selected 483 ROKAF soldiers from the 11 749 recruits who participated in the 2011 physical examination. The selected soldiers underwent another physical examination in 2012 for advancement to senior airman. Data from 2011 and 2012 were merged. To collect data on lifestyle, a questionnaire was sent to all included subjects via the military intranet e-mail service. Results: The percentage of recruits with an abnormal alanine transaminase level (normal range <40 IU/L) decreased from recruitment (13.7%) to the following year (2.7%). Moreover, the percentage of obese soldiers (body mass index ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) decreased from recruitment (20.5%) to the following year (10.4%). There was a significant change in mean duration of exercise carried out each day before ($0.8{\pm}1.3$ hours) and after ($1.0{\pm}0.7$ hours) joining the ROKAF service. Conclusions: These ROKAF soldiers were generally in good health before and after joining the armed service. After one year of military service, the health status of most soldiers improved, especially with respect to body mass index and alanine transaminase level.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study were to measure the effect of factors analyse the associated by the oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization factors of dental caries in the middle-school student's and then to provide basic material of preventive oral health and oral health education program. Methods: This subject of study consists of 342 middle schools each 1,2,3 grade Daegu city. The data were collected from July 2 to 30, 2009. by way of the self-reported questionnaire. The data materials are analyzed by demographic characteristics, oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization of frequency analysis, demographic characteristics of dental caries and oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization of one-way ANOVA analysis. Results: Brushing twice a day, which was the higher 69.3%, Students were trained received oral health education. Girls than boys dental caries teeth(DT) index (p<0.05), dental filling teeth(FT) index(p<0.00), dental experience caries teeth(DMFT) index(p<0.00) was higher than all three variables was a statistically significant. Oral health behavior of brushing twice a day 'once' dental caries teeth(DT) index was the highest, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01), oral health education students experience a higher dental caries teeth(DT) index(p=0.36). dental health services utilization of preventive dental visits last one year when they did not have dental caries teeth(DT) index was higher (p=0.076) Conclusions: Oral health promotion is considered to adolescent as part of the oral health clinics school for elementary school students in the focus to middle school students and enhance.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.253-263
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate health status of preschool children utilizing anthropometric values and serum biochemical indices. The subjects were 1,159 boys and 1,019 girls in Gumi day-care centers aged 4 to 6 years. The mean height and weight of 4, 5 and 6 year old children were 103.0 cm and 17.1 kg, 107.2 cm and 18.3 kg and 113.4 cm and 20.6 kg, respectively. By the obesity index criteria, $5\%$ of boys and $4\%$ of girls were obese whereas $10\%$ of boys and $9\%$ of girls were underweight. By the Kaup index criteria, $7\%$ of boys and $4\%$ of girls were obese. By the percentage of body fat criteria, $5\%$ of boys and girls were obese. The mean concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Atherogenic Index and serum glucose were 154.1-156.5 mg/dL, 80.1-81.9 mg/dL, 46.8-47.4 mg/dL, 90.9-92.8 mg/dL, 2.34-2.39 and 76.4-77.8 mg/dL, respectively. Serum triglyceride level, AI and body fat percentage of obese children were significantly higher than other children and were significantly lower in HDL-cholesterol level (p < 0.05). In addition there were significant correlation between anthropometric values and serum biochemical indices : Kaup index and obesity index were positively correlated to the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in boys and girls (p < 0.01) and to the triglyceride concentration in boys (p < 0.05). These results indicate the need of developing and implementation of nutrition education program for preschool children to prevent further development of childhood obesity and to maintain normal serum lipid profiles.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.361-374
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for development of oral health educational program on the control of handicapped children at social welfare facilities. For this research, it was investigated by a survey on the actual condition of dental health of handicapped children, and simultaneously by analyzing the relationships between the realities of child's dental condition and parents and guardian's acknowledgments and managements with regard to the dental health of children. This survey was conducted 135 children and their guardians being 4 social welfare facilities in Ulsan metropolitan city. 1. The average of DT, MT, FT and DMFT index were 1.82, 0.01, 0.98 and 2.84 respectively. 2. Rolling Toothbrushing method was the highest response(58.5%) and 3 times per a day(77.0%). A proxy of toothbrushing was parents(39.2%) and teacher(60.8%). 3. Recognition routes of toothbrushing method were family(13.3%), school(43.7%) and dental chinic(42.2%). 4. The numer of times electromotion tooth brushing was the highest response in more than 4 times per a day. Toothbrushing after eating between meals was higher negative response(50.4%). The number of times visiting dental clinic was the highest response in more than 5 times during a year(51.9%).

• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.651-668
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• 2010

금융 포트폴리오의 두 위험측도인 VaR와 ES에 대한 여러 추정방법을 1일 후와 10일 후의 경우로 나누어 각각 비교하였다. 2008년 미국발 세계 금융위기 기간을 포함한 KOSPI 자료와 해외 5개국의 종합주가지수 자료를 이용하여 실증적으로 비교하였다. 손실 분포의 두터운 꼬리와 조건부 이분산성을 동시에 고려하는 방법을 중심으로 여러 방법을 추가적으로 고려하였고, 국내 자료에 어떤 방법이 적절하며 종합적인 성능은 어떤가를 살펴보았다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.103-104
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• 2008

This paper proposes an alternative methodology for deciding an optimum deterministic reliability level (IRR; Installed Reserve Rate) by using probabilistic reliability criterion (LOLE; Loss of Load Expectation). Additionally, case studies using the proposed method induce the characteristics of relationship between the probabilistic reliability index (LOLE) and deterministic reliability index (IRR) for 2008 year in Korea power system. The case study presents a possibility that an optimum IRR level in Korea can be assessed using the proposed method. Korea power system has been using the LOLE criterion to determine the adequacy of installed capacity (ICAP) requirement. The criterion in Korea is that the loss of load expectation shall not exceed the available capacity more than five day in ten years (=0.5[days/year]). The probabilistic reliability evaluation and production cost simulation program which is called PRASim is used in order to evaluate the relationship and optimum IRR in this paper.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1981

A total 2,488 ejaculates during 4 years from 80 Korean native bulls over the age from 3 to 12 years of bull herds of Artificial Breeding Center, National Livestock Federatives Cooperation were collected and analyzed to study the effects of collection year, age of bulls, month of years, collection interval and ejaculation frequency per day on semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm per ejaculate and sperm motility. 1. Semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm per ejaculate and sperm motility index for the all ejaculates using least squares procedure averaged 5.73ml, 9.133${\times}$108/ml, 52.527${\times}$108 and 62.81, respectively. 2. Semen volume varied significantly with collection year, collection interval and ejaculation frequency per day(P<0.01), but effects of age of bulls and month of years on semen volume were not significant. Eight to 15 days collection interval showed the highest volume, and 1st ejaculate contained 5.6% more volume than 2nd ejaculate. 3. There were significant differences among collection years, months of years and ejeculation frequencies per day except collection intervals in sperm concentration per ml(P<0.05, P<0.01). Six to 8-year-old bulls was the highest concentration. Higher sperm concentration per ml was in April to July and lower month was October and December. Sperm concentration in 2nd ejaculate was higher than in 1st ejaculate. 4. Total sperm per ejaculate affected by all environmental factors studied(P<0.05, P<0.01). Age of bulls, collection interval and ejaculation frequency per day showed the highest total sperm was 6 to 8-year-old bulls, 8 to 15 days interval and 1st ejaculate, respectively. Higher total sperm per ejaculate was in April to July and lower total sperm was in September to December. 5. In sperm motility, there were significant differences among collection years, ages of bulls and collection intervals except months of years and ejaculation frequencies (P<0.01). Higher sperm motility was in 6 to 12-year-old bulls and in 5 to 7 days collection interval.