• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.80-95
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to establish an effective protection and management system for World Heritage (WH) nomination of Southwestern Coast Tidal Flat (SCTF) by proposing a model of protection and management. SCTF has a potential to become a representative best practice to achieve a sustainable development for human society. SCTF has a potential Outstanding Universal Values (OUVs) for WH nomination, thus a harmony between human and nature for wise use of natural resources needs to be pursued. It is required to present the system of SCTF's protection and management and to analyze present status of the regions in the Tentative List by comparing the case which were already inscribed as WH. For better protection of nominated areas, SCTF should expand an area for protection with additional designation. For the management system, two separate management systems such as the Department of Culture & Tourism and the Department of Oceans & Fisheries need to be reconciled. Because of this overlapping management structure, the management of the nominated sites has been inefficient and long-term management plan is lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate conflicting management system of each local government and make a long-term, integrated management plan. To make an efficient and sustainable protection and management, it is essential to set up a collaboration system by integrating various stakeholders such as central and local governments, academic organizations, local residents, and NGOs. As in the case of Wadden Sea, the combined community system of the stakeholders mentioned above should be established. Because it is essential for local residents to understand a basic concepts for protection and management, it is necessary to establish capacity-building of local people. The protection and management structure should be set up by bottom-up processes, that is the proper structure shoud be based on thorough research on local society as well as thorough communication with local residents to make relevant laws and policies. This study also propose the proper plan for better conservation and management of SCTF.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.113-128
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• 2014

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has the natural assets resulting in UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve, World Heritage Listed and World Geopark Certification, so the principle of 'Conservation First Development Later' has been set up for the vision of environmental policy to preserve these assets. This case study has been carried out to investigate the realization of the principle of 'Conservation First Development Later' for the development projects performed environmental impact assessment from 1994 to 2012 in Jeju Province, using geographic information systems(GIS). The Jeju Province has its own ordinance to consult and operate an environmental impact assessment(EIA) system. In particular, the conservation area, such as, Absolute/Relative Conservation Area and Underground Water, Ecosystem and View Conservation Zone, has been assigned and managed specially to conserve the natural environment. The 179 projects has been performed EIA for last 18 years in Jeju Province, and then the Absolute Conservation Area has been included in 22 projects and the Relative Conservation Area has been included in 34 projects. However, the 2 projects only have included the Absolute Conservation Area for 7 years after 2005. This result suggests that the application of the principle for the Absolute Conservation Area is strengthened gradually. On the other hand, the 17 projects and the 24 projects have included the Underground Water Conservation Zone assigned grade 1 and 2, respectively, and the number has been increasing after 2004. The results show that it needs to strengthen the application of the principle for this Zone. And the Ecosystem Conservation Zone assigned grade 1 and 2 have been included in 1 project and 9 projects, respectively. It is considered from this result that the principle is realized successfully for the Ecosystem Conservation Zone. In addition, it could be known that the principle is applied well for the View Conservation Zone, in this study.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

Under the situation that the seismic vulnerability are a worsening problem in many world's megacities, the disaster preparedness including earthquake hazards is a matter of primary concern in the capital city of Korea, Seoul. Especially, because it is hard to move or dismantle the architectural heritages, the mitigation of earthquake damages is potentially more difficult than other structures. Moreover, in order to decide the proper preparedness plan against future earthquakes, it is very important to understand how soils pass the seismic waves to architectural heritages. In this paper, therefore, the ground condition and depth of bedrock was investigated by the MASW-method at heritages located in Seoul. Then one-dimensional seismic response analysis was conducted based on the distribution of shear wave velocity. As the major result of analyses, peak acceleration, site amplification factor and natural period are proposed in each site for recurrence period.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.261-282
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate American traditional values and American culture in English education. The understanding of American culture in English education requires the analysis of world changes in the global age. The history of American English, the formation of American society, and the background of natural environment are described in relation to the traditional American values of the earliest settlers, such as multi-culture, individual freedom, frontier heritage in the West, equality of opportunity and wealth and material abundance. Hence the case studies of students' project presentations on the American culture in English education exemplify the reflection of American traditional values in the current American life and society. It is concluded that project-based method with regard to cultural studies in English education reveals very positive learning effects by driving students' interests and active participation through the student-centered, creative, and cooperative project presentations.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 1999

This study is concerned on the decorating design and method of handrail of the old residential houses. The method of studying is proceeding to select and survey the houses identified as the cultural properties that have the value of heritage in the handrail design. The conclusion as following ; Handrail play not only functional part but embellished part. The wood Handrails can be classified in two styles ; One "pyung"(평) style, another "keja"(계자) style. The former is composed of straight lines which looks simple. On the other hand, the latter contains the elavorated decoration which gives solid beauty. In conclusion, the characteristic of the handrail in Korean structure is found in the changing the sense of the lineal and curve beauty into the symmetrical line, and is fund in the variety of the high qualified details. Over its esthetic senses, the residents'hope and need for the goodness such as good omen, rich longevity and getting boys and formed as passive symbolic world, and the auspicious signed letters and the geometric and natural forms of plants, are expressed upon the decorating design of handrail. design of handrail.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.377-390
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• 2017

Space-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations have been widely and successfully applied to acquire invaluable temporal and spatial information on wetlands, which are unique environments and regarded as important ecosystems. One of the best studied wetland area is Everglades, which is located in southern Florida, USA. As a World Heritage Site, the Everglades is the largest natural and subtropical wilderness in the United States. The Everglades wetlands have been threatened by anthropogenic activities such as urban expansion and agricultural development, as well as by natural processes, as sea level changes due to climate change. In order to conserve this unique wetland environment, various restoration plans have been implemented. In this review paper, we summarize the main studies using space-based SAR observations for monitoring the Everglades. The paper is composed of the following two sections: (1) review of backscattered amplitude analysis and observations, and (2) review of interferometric SAR (InSAR) analysis and applications. This study also provides an overview of a wetland InSAR technique and space-based SAR sensors. The goal of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of space-based SAR monitoring of wetlands, using the Everglades wetlands as a case study.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.30-51
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• 2011

During the process of modernization, many rural villages in Korea have experienced degeneration and breakdown, losing sustainability. However, Oeam village in Asan City, South Chungcheong Province (State-designated cultural heritage, Important Folk Material No. 236) has established itself as a unique folk village, which evolves with sustainability, pursuing the revival of Neo-traditionalism. Oeam village is a tribal village of the Yis from the Yean region and has maintained environmental, economic, and social sustainability and soundness for over five centuries. Thus, the village has sustained itself well enough to be a cultural asset with 'Outstanding Universal Value', in terms of its value as world cultural heritage. The village maintains its own identity, filled with a variety of traditional and scenic cultural assets that symbolize a gentry village. Those assets include Confucian sceneries (head family houses, ancestral shrines, tombs, gravestones, commemorative monuments, and pavilions), various assets of folk religion (totem poles, protective trees at the entrance of a village, shrines for mountain spirits, village forests), tangible and intangible cultural assets related to daily lives (vigorous family activities, rigorous ancestral rituals, family rituals, collective agriculture and protection of ecosystem), which have all been well preserved and inherited. In particular, this village is an example of a well-being community with a well-preserved folksy atmosphere, which is based on environmentally sound settlements (nature + economy + environment + community) in a village established according to geomancy, East Asia's unique principle of environmental design. In addition, the village has kept the sustainability and authenticity for more than 500 years, combining restraint towards the environment and the view of the environment which respects the natural order and cultural values (capacity + healthy + sustainability). Therefore, the Oeam folk village can be a representative example of a folksy and scenic Korean community which falls into the category of IV (to exemplify an outstanding type of building, architectural or technological ensemble, or landscape which illustrates significant stages in human history) and V (to exemplify an outstanding traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of cultures, or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change) of Unesco's World Cultural Heritage.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.469-480
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to enhance the cultural heritage value of the Juk-Bang-Ryeum (Bamboo Weir) and prove the originality through the review of historical literature. The main industry of Korean was agriculture and fishery from ancient. In the ancient, fishery instruments are not enough due to the lack of fishing technology. The Juk-Bang-Ryeum was considered as important national resources and asset. It give us many implications about the wisdom of our ancestors because of it's scientific principle of the structure. It is surely a cultural heritage to preserve in the future because it is considered as important community asset as well as more natural and environment oriented fishing method. In the literature, the origin of 'Juk-Bang-Ryeum' can be found as 'Eo-Ryang' or 'Bang-Ryeum'. The records on this terminology go back to the Corea Dynasty, but their documentary records are rare, and most of them are records of the Chosun Dynasty. In this study, we surveyed mainly the literature records about the southern coast region in the period of Chosun Dynasty. This study contributes for preserving the cultural assets of our ancestors who pursued eco-friendly fishery method, and it is also of great significance to produce objective data based on records for the registration of the World Record Heritage.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.274-291
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• 2020

This year is the 50th anniversary of the adoption by UNESCO in 1970 of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (the '1970 Convention'). Since its ratification of the 1970 Convention in 1983, the Republic of Korea has domestically implemented the Convention through its Cultural Heritage Protection Act, which was first enacted in 1962. This is a different form of implementation than is normally used for other UNESCO Conventions on cultural heritage, in that the Republic of Korea has recently adopted special acts to enforce the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the 1972 Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. In addition, the 1970 Convention has been developed further through the introduction of new Operational Guidelines in 2015 for the concrete enforcement of the Convention, which has provided momentum for the Republic of Korea to analyze its current national legislation related to the 1970 Convention as well as consider its amendment in the future. Overall, the Cultural Heritage Protection Act of the Republic of Korea effectively reflects the duties of States Parties under the 1970 Convention. These include measures to introduce export certificates, prohibit the import of stolen cultural property, return other state parties' cultural property, and impose penalties or administrative sanctions in the event of any infringements. Indeed, the Republic of Korea's implementation of the 1970 Convention was introduced as an example of good practice at the Meeting of State Parties in 2019. However, changes in the illegal market for cultural property and development of relevant international law and measures imply that there still exists room for improvement concerning the legal implementation of the 1970 Convention at the national level. In particular, the Operational Guidelines recommend States Parties to adopt legal measures in two respects: detailed criteria for due diligence in assessing bona-fide purchasers, referring to the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, and measures to address the emerging issue of illegal trade in cultural property on internet platforms. Amendment of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act and other relevant laws should be considered in order to duly reflect these issues. Taking that opportunity, concrete provisions to facilitate international cooperation in respect of the implementation of the 1970 Convention could be introduced as well. Such measures could be expected to strengthen the Republic of Korea's international legal cooperation to respond to the changing environment regarding illicit trafficking of cultural property and its restitution.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.145-160
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develop cultural tourism products of Jeju Free International City, utilizing the images of its blessed natural environment listed on the UNESCO World (Natural) Heritage Site. To do this, the concept of cultural tourism products is defined, and the current situation and features of Jeju cultural tourism products are closely researched and examined, and then through survey study, responded by Jeju residents and tourists, purchasing behaviors, consumer preferences of Jeju tourists, and improvement plans for tourism products are examined in detail. According to the survey, the important elements for cultural tourism products of Jeju are extracted and employed in the development of tourism T-shirts, and the developing process of souvenir shirt designs using the unique images of Jeju are presented. Five textile pattern designs, based on the nature images of Jeju 'gotjawal' forests, are created and employed in 5 souvenir shirt designs, and this led to the development of 10 styles of tourism souvenir shirts. With their trendy design embodying unique images of Jeju, practicality, and functionality, these shirts are not just for tourists visiting Jeju but also for everybody, any age, and anywhere. The suitability and validity of the designs as the cultural tourism products representing Jeju are evaluated by consumer preference survey. Through this study, the infinite possibility of developing cultural tourism products utilizing unique natural environments of Jeju are confirmed. Development of tourism souvenir shirts reflecting the current fashion trends and tourists' tastes can be led to the construction of positive images of Jeju, the success in attracting tourists, and, eventually, market extension for cultural tourism products.