• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2004

With growing significance of psychological well-being in the worksite, the purpose of this analysis was to overview the empirical studies on worksite stress management and to identity the overall effect of worksite health promotion programs on stress management through meta-analysis. Literature retrieval was conducted on-line first in MEDLINE, EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier, and PSYCHINFO databases in public health, psychology, sociology, and human resource management areas. All studies written in English and published in the peer-reviewed journals during 1990 and 2002 were recruited. Key words used in literature retrieval were 'worksite,' 'intervention,' 'program,' 'work stress,' 'strain,' 'burnout,' 'management,' 'prevention,' 'education,' and 'health promotion.' A total of 18 worksite intervention studies with 48 effect sizes were analyzed and the results were as follows. Approximately 60％ of the studies had quasi-experimental design and were conducted in manufacturing company and public sector. General psychological strains and burnout were frequently used measures of psychological stress. The lecturing and discussion typed intervention and the participatory problem-solving typed intervention were employed more than others in the studies. The average effect (r: pearson's simple correlation coefficient) weighted by sampling error was -0.14 (-0.32 to 0.05). In the conventional category of effects this is a small effect ranging from -0.59 to 0.05. Binomial effect size showed that success rates increased from 43％ without intervention to 57％ after an intervention. Sampling error explained 47.14％ of the observed variance and its effectiveness on stress management were heterogeneous. In regression analysis with suspected moderating factors affecting the worksite interventions, research design was the only significant moderating factor. The studies with quasi-experimental design had greater effects than the studies with experimental design.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.133-149
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• 2004

This study investigates the worksite resources and programs for health promotion services, especially in areas of smoking cessation and acohol-reducing. Health promotion program is important for employees and employers to promote their productivity and enhance their quality of life. To explain the worksite health promotion programs, a three-stage survey model was established and 111 worksites filled up the questionnaire. Stages of the model included the supply status of worksite health programs, attitudes to get rid of health risks, and behavioral intentions to provide health promotion programs in the near future. The results of this study are as follows. First, the facility and personnel for health promotion services are not equipped sufficiently in the middle-sized worksites. Second, provided programs are not good enough in both quantity and quality, because most worksites provide inefficient and low-cost programs. Third, worksites provide the programs such as advertisement, education materials especially in large-sized worksites, but not in middle-sized worksites. Therefore, worksites need to be supported with a public institution for efficient programs and continuing legal and systematic support for middle-sized worksites should be emphasized.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2010

Worksite health promotion programs have been associated with reductions in health risks but are labor-intensive and costly to implement. Therefore, innovative strategies to provide a cost-effective approach to health education program are needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a worksite on-line health education program by email on metabolic syndrome risk factors and dietary intakes in male workers with metabolic syndrome. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured and the nutrient intakes were assessed through FFQ. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was adapted from NCEP-ATP III with blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, and Asia-Pacific definition with waist circumference. The education group consisted of 212 male workers and the non-education group of 236 age-matched male workers. The on-line health education program provided 10 sessions by e-mail. After a worksite on-line health education program, systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) and fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased and HDL cholesterol (p < 0.001) was significantly increased in the education group. Intakes of total energy (p < 0.05), carbohydrate (p < 0.05), sodium (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased in the education group, but there were no significant differences in dietary intakes in the non-education group after a worksite on-line health education program. The results indicate that online health education program by e-mail is effective for improving metabolic syndrome risk factors and dietary intakes in male workers and show potential for use in the working setting.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.840-851
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• 1997

To perform voluntary occupational health program in worksites, regulational supports are necessary. The regulational supports include assessment of current occupational health program and appropriate incentives. The purpose of this study is to find out the requirements of voluntary occupational health program and conditions to be improved. Study population was industrial health managers of both industries with less than 300 workers and over 300 workers, and the member of labor union who is responsible for safety and health in worksite. Two different questionnaire were used to find out the requirements and conditions to be improved respectively, The results were; 1. The category which prevalence rate of occupational injuries and occupational disease should be lower than national average was most important in health managers employed in industries over 300 workers and followed by reporting system, education, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, consequently. But those employed in industries less than 300 workers showed high importance in prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, reporting system, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, education, consequently 2. The members of labor union thought that worksite policy was most important and the next is education, reporting system, work environment assessment, protective equipment, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease. 3. There were difference in importance of education and worksite policy according to the size of industries. Reporting system, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, and worksite policy had different importance between members of labor union and health managers. 4. In the results of quiestionnaire for conditions to be improved, the most important condition was top manager's willingness except personal protective equipments, and followed by financial support, legal support. The limitations of this study were the problems of representativeness of study population. but voluntary health program should be performed in worksites which have relatively good occupational health system. So, this selection bias could not disrupt our results.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Targeting consumers who consume lunches at their worksite cafeterias would be a valuable approach to reduce sodium intake in South Korea. To assess the relationships between socio-demographic factors, consumer satisfaction, attitudes, barriers and the frequency of sodium-reduced meal intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We implemented a cross-sectional research, analyzing data from 738 consumers aged 18 years or older (327 males and 411 females) at 17 worksite cafeterias in South Korea. We used the ordinary least squares regression analysis to determine the factors related to overall satisfaction with sodium-reduced meal. General linear models with LSD tests were employed to examine the variables that differed by the frequency of sodium-reduced meal intake. RESULTS: Most subjects always or usually consumed the sodium-reduced meal (49%), followed by sometimes (34%) and rarely or never (18%). Diverse menus, taste and belief in the helpfulness of the sodium-reduced meal significantly increased overall satisfaction with the sodium-reduced diet (P < 0.05). We found importance of needs in the following order: 1) 'menu diversity' (4.01 points), 2) 'active promotion' (3.97 points), 3) 'display of nutrition labels in a visible location' (3.96 points), 4) 'improvement of taste' (3.88 points), and 5) 'education of sodium-reduction self-care behaviors' (3.82 points). CONCLUSION: Dietitians could lead consumers to choose sodium-reduced meals by improving their taste and providing diverse menus for the sodium-reduced meals at worksite cafeterias.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 1996

In Korea, nutritional services have not been included in the periodic medical examinations for employees. Naturally, the practice of individual dietary treatment, or nutrition education, has not yet been implemented, specifically for employees who are expected to encounter health problems. This study was designed to evaluate the necessity and development of nutritional consultations during medical examinations of employees and of worksite nutrition programs. One hundred and five employees from three companies were chosen as subjects for this study. As a result, the average intake of nutrients were found to be sufficient for male employees but female employees were found to be deficient in their intake of total calories, calcium, iron, vitamins A and $B_2$. Also, most of employees did not recognize their own blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or blood sugar level. Many employees thought that they needed nutritional consultation during periodic medical examinations and during worksite nutrition programs that also include programs for the whole family. According to the results, clinics for weight control were urgently demanded among several nutrition programs. It should be noted that weight problems, high blood cholesterol levels, diabetes, and other health problems were frequently found in companies whose employees had relatively minimal knowledge about nutrition information. In an effort to prevent disease, the worksite nutrition programs and other nutritional services for employees are critical. This study, therefore, suggests to include nutritional services in medical examinations and to develop efficient worksite nutrition programs.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 1999

This study was conducted to evaluate the workers' health conditions, nutritional status, food habits, and their needs for the nutrition programs at the worksite. Three hundred and fifty one(men 260, women 91) employees from 11 companies in urban area were recruited for the study. The results of this study were as follows : The average consumption of nutrients in the subjects' diets were found to be deficient such as total energy, calcium, iron, vitamin A and $B_2$. More than 42% of the subjects have at least one of the chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypercholesterolemia, liver disease, and hypertension. Most subjects did not recognize their own blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or blood sugar level. Nutrition knowledge scores of the subjects were very low, which was only 52.4%. It should be noted that weight problems and other health problems of the employees at the worksite were frequently found among the employees who had relatively low nutrition knowledge scores. The nutrition programs for prevention of the obeses, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, stress, and smoking were urgently needed by the subjects. Many subjects also wanted the nutrition education programs for their family.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.121-140
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• 2006

Objectives: Safety is a primary health promotion issue in worksite because injury induces multi-fold loss of the human and economic resources to profit organization. The purposes of this study were to describe worksite health and safety education and management status in Korean manufacturing companies. Methods: The original population size of Korean manufacturing industry in 2004 was 74,398 and 2,960 factories were selected by the multiple stratified sampling method for this study. The health and safety manager or representatives of the selected 2,960 companies successfully finished in the face-to-face interview survey about company's general characteristics, health and safety management style, health and safety education hours conducted by the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency. Results: The manufacturing companies in Seoul and Kyunggi areas, small size, and clothes and press industries were related to low health and safety management and education status. The companies which assigned at least one safety manager were 70.5% and which had a health and safety room within the company were only 9.3%. The companies which took the health and safety education for their regular blue-collar employees more than the legal education hours were under 56.1% and the percentage of the companies which took their health and safety education for newcomers less than the legal limits was lower than any other types of health and safety education in workplace. The significant strong workplace health and safety management variables in predicting employee health and safety education were psycho-social variables such as the company own health and safety regulation and the workplace health and safety management committee organization. rather than physical variables such as health manager employment, safety manager employment. Conclusions: Systematic and legal approaches are effective to encourage workplace health and safety education, specifically, through sustaining health and safety managers and building the company-wide health and safety management system. Furthermore, theses approaches should primarily focus on the small companies of which sizes were under 50.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.16-32
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• 1994

Health Education is very important not only in school or community fields but also in industrial fields. And health education is most fundamental and enthusiastic area in industrial health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the workers' health education needs and the factors which could affect them. The subjects for this study was 855 workers selected from 57 factories in Inchon. The results were as follows: 1. For demographic variables, sex, age, educational level, and income of the workers were investigated. Most of the workers were males (80.2%). Of the respondents, 30∼39 years old were 41.3%. Approximately 62% of the workers were high school graduates. In additions, those who reported they earned 500,000∼800,000 won monthly were 41.9%. 2. Behavioral characteristics of the workers investigated in this study included smoking, drinking and physical activities. Of the respondents, 55.9% were smoking cigarettes, and 26.8% of the workers reported they drank alcohol once or twice a week. The workers who were taking any form of exercise regularly were 31.6%. 3. Occupational characteristics of the workers included working period working hours a day, medical examination, and so on. About 37.6% of the workers had worked 1∼5 years and 53.6% of the respondents were working less than 8 hours a day. More than half of the workers in this study were taking special medical examination(59.3%) and 59.6% of the respondents were working at the production line in the factories. And most of the respondents (69.0%) were mere members of the staffs. 4. For perceived health status of the respondents, 41.1% answered they were healthy. And for the level of health status, health grade 20.4% of the workers were unhealthy. 5. Health education areas the workers in this study wanted to learn were as follows: 1) Mental health 2) Worksite environment 3) Safety control 4) Disease contol. 6. Those who reported having ever received health education in the factories were 20.9%. 7. Women had more health education needs in personal health care, disease control and family health areas than men. Each age group had different health education needs in all health areas and the differences were significant statistically. 8. The workers who had received special medical examination had more health education needs in worksite environment, safety control, and disease control areas than those who had received general medical examination. The lower the satisfaction of the work and the working environment was, the higher the health education needs of worksite environment area were. 9. For the levels of health status healthy workers were more likely than unhealthy workers to have health education needs in all health areas.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2811-2818
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• 2013

Background: Initiation, perpetuation and cessation of smoking are all multifactorial. It is essential to explore interactions among various parameters influencing smoking and its cessation for effective smoking cessation interventions. Objectives: To obtain insights into smoking and its cessation among current smokers in India. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted among current smokers visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences (MCODS), Manipal University, Mangalore. Knowledge, attitudes, behavior, worksite practices towards smoking and its cessation, barriers to smoking cessation and socio-demographic variables were explored using a structured, pretested, self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 175 current smokers participated in the study. Mean knowledge, attitude, worksite practice and barrier scores were $15.2{\pm}5.67$ (66.1%), $57.5{\pm}7.67$ (82.1%), $4.18{\pm}2.02$ (41.8%) and $57.4{\pm}12.37$ (63.7%) respectively. Correlation analysis revealed: association of knowledge with education, occupation and religion; attitude with education and occupation; worksite practices with occupation; knowledge with attitude; and barriers negatively with worksite practices. The majority (85.7%) of respondents intended to quit smoking and this was associated with higher attitude scores, whereas actual quit attempts were associated with high knowledge, attitudes, worksite practices and low barrier scores. Conclusions: Various socio-demographic factors associated with smoking and its cessation were identified. The present study highlights the importance of identifying and targeting these interactions while framing guidelines and interventions for effective tobacco cessation in a developing country like India.