• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.65-83
• /
• 2009

The purposes of this study were to analyze the needs for the balance of work-family and to provide the related policies for dual worker family. We focused on the life area of educare and school. Data were collected from 197 working mothers who have 1 or more children under age 10. The findings were: 1) after-school programs, holidays on every alternate Saturday, arbitrary no school days were not appropriate to the working parents' everyday life patterns, so the paradigm and practical conditions should be adapted to the needs of working parents. 2) the most working parents depended on the kindergarden, but the parents' satisfaction with the quality of service, time duration, the human resource of educare teacher was not sufficient, so these issues should be discussed more profoundly.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.236-242
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors of middle school students according to their mother's employment status. Of all 453 subjects, 52.1% were boys, and 67.5% of the mothers were employed. The total score of nutritional knowledge was 8.0 out of 10 for students with a non-working mom and 7.7 for those with a working mom, showing no significant difference. Among the 20 nutritional knowledge questions, correct answer rates for "lots of fruits may be eaten because of not gaining weight" (72.6% vs. 81.6%, p<0.05) and "eating raw carrots is better than eating fried ones with oil" (34.6% vs. 44.9%, p<0.05) were significantly higher in students with a working mom. The regularity of meals showed a significant difference according to the mother's employment, indicating that responses of "very regular" (62.4% vs. 72.1%) were high among students with a non-working mom and responses of "skipping breakfast" (31.4% vs. 19.7%) were higher in students with a working mom (p<0.05). The number of snacks a day was also significantly different according to the mother's employment, showing that 12.8% of the students with a working mom and only 3.4% of them with a non-working mom did not eat snacks at all (p<0.05). These results reveal no significant difference in middle school students' nutritional knowledge according to their mother's employment status; however, the students whose mother had a job were more likely to have more undesirable dietary behaviors such as irregular meals and snacking.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2003

Dietitians' satisfaction between elementary school and high school in KangWon Do region were surveys with questionnaires. 61 elementary school dietitians and 30 high school dietitians participated. The dietitians in elementary schools had higher scores in age, marital status, years at work, types of employment, average annual income and had lesser hours of work. In overall, elementary schools had higher percentage on self operation and on the period of their food distribution to students. High schools had higher percentage on conventional systems, freedom in the amount of food distribution, number of meals per day and the meal charge. It was clear that dietitians in high schools showed more interests in changing their careers due to the poor working environment and salary. The highest score was on the relationship with other coworkers and the lowest score was on the poor working environment and salary. In general, dietitians in both types of schools are not satisfied with their career, especially with the working environment and salary.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.396-396
• /
• 2005

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제48권9호
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether employed mothers' extended working hours have effects on childcare style and work-family conflicts. The data came from the 2007 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family(KLoWF) of the Korean Women's Development Institute. 475 females with preschoolers or elementary-school children were used in this study. The major findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Weekly average working hours varied by education, salary, and the presence of preschoolers. (2) The time of childcare was significantly shorter in mothers who work more than 50 hours/week (3) Mothers who worked more than 50 hours/week felt significantly high work-family conflict. These analyses pointed to the importance of obeying the law related to working hours as the most important thing to sustain work-family balance. Institutional foundations should be enabled to keep legal working hours.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.733-744
• /
• 2010

This study investigated the working conditions and job satisfaction of school cafeteria, according to their employment type in Chonbuk, South Korea. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 401 elementary, middle, and high school cafeteria employees. The data showed significant differences between regular and irregular employees. These factors were: previous work experience (p<.001), type of school (p<.001), the style of foodservice at a school (p<.001), the type of foodservice system (p<.05), and the number of meals served each day (p<.001). The working conditions for regular and irregular employees were significantly different with regard to several factors: these were union membership (p<.01), how they were paid (p<.05), their total working hours (p<.01), and difficulty of using their holidays (p<.01). Approximately 80.5% of the subjects were dissatisfied with the working conditions after the introduction of countermeasures for irregular employees. Results indicated that the average employee job satisfaction level was 2.53, but that there were not significant difference in the level of job satisfaction when comparing regular and irregular employees. The item employees were most satisfied with was having responsibility over meals for young students (3.37). They were least satisfied with their salary (2.00). An interesting issue for future study would be to determine the factors that could improve job satisfaction whilst satisfying the employees' needs which in turn would improve the quality of foodservice.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.70-80
• /
• 2012

Non-contact type mechanical face seals installed in mechanical systems prevent leakage of working fluid using thin working fluid film between stator and rotor. For that purpose, various kinds of surface profiles, grooves and conings have been applied on seal surfaces of stator and rotor to generate hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pressure. The thickness distribution of working fluid film is one of important factors which affect the working performances of mechanical face seal, and it is strongly affected by the surface height profiles of stator and rotor. Therefore, appropriate design of surface height profiles of stator and rotor is necessary to optimize the working performances and life of mechanical face seal. In this study, numerical analysis using finite volume method was conducted to estimate the working performances of wavy mechanical face seals which have 36 coning combinations. As results, minimum thickness of working fluid film, leakage volume of working fluid and friction torque in static equilibrium condition of mechanical face seal, and stiffness of working fluid film were obtained. The results show that the working performances of mechanical face seal were affected by the coning combinations which can change the thickness distribution of working fluid film and pressure distribution in sealing region of mechanical face seal.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
• /
• pp.760-763
• /
• 2009

"Watoji" is a Japanese traditional book binding technique. An aim of this research develops a support system which everyone can make Watoji easily by. This system uses a working situation by recognizing a position of a needle and annotating to a book directly by mixed reality technique. Additionally, a technique of recognizing a working situation at a book is sewn by a needle is proposed. The proposed system of recognizing a position of a needle is build, then we experiment recognizing of a needle from an image. Furthermore, setting up Watoji on the system, we experiment recognizing of a position of a needle. An experimental result shows recognizing a needle from an acquired image from a camera. Using this result, a working situation can be recognized. Then, suitable information to a working situation can be presented.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2020

This paper investigates the impact of working capital management on the firm's profitability. The research sample includes 119 non-financial listed companies on Vietnam stock market over a period of 9 years from 2010 to 2018. Two statistical approaches include Ordinary least squares (OLS) and fixed effects model (FEM) are employed to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. The empirical results show the negative and significant impacts of the working capital management, which measured by cash conversion cycle (CCC) and three components of the CCC including accounts receivable turnover in days (ARD), inventory turnover in days (INVD), and accounts payable turnover in days (APD) on the firm's profitability measured by return on assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q. It implies that firms can increase profitability by keeping the optimization of the working capital management measured by the CCC, which includes shortening the time to collect money from clients, accelerating inventory flow and hold the low payment time to creditors. Besides, the profitability of firms was impacted by the sale growth rate, firm size, leverage, and age. Therefore, this paper provides a new insight to managers on how to improve the firm's profitability with working capital management.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.69-84
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the grandmothers' role performance toward their grandchildren in the elementary school between working and nonworking mother families. The subjects were 274 grandparent-grandchild pairs. The structured questionnaires, from both grandmothers and grandchildren were collected in 2001. Using statistical techniques such as factor analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis, the major findings were as fellows: 1) The level of the grandmothers' role performance is moderate in general. However, the grandmothers in working mother families perform surrogate mother roles more strongly than the grandmothers in nonworking mother families.2) While contact between grandmother and grandchild is associated with the grandmother's role performance in working mother families, the grandmother's age and the closeness between grandmother and mother are related to the level of the grandmother's role performance in nonworking mother families. In conclusion, the grandmothers' role performance in working mother families was found to be more important in the supporting system than in nonworking mother families.