• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.1891-1896
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• 2010

본 연구는 일개 시 유치원에 입소한 아동 중 5~6세아 부모들을 대상으로 카시트 착용현황과 관련요인에 관한 실태를 파악하여 어린이 안전의식을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 연구이다. 연구대상은 2008년 09월22~09월29일까지 일개 시 유치원 5개소 입소한 아동 중 5~6세아 부모 189명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구결과 유아 연령이 낮고(p=0.128), 남자이며(p=0.474), 어머니의 연령이 30대 이하(p=0.294)일수록 유아 보호용 장구의 착용률이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 어머니의 학력이 고등학교 이하(p=0.009), 아버지 직업(p=0.010)이 사무, 서비스직에 종사자 집단에서 유아 보호용 장구 착용이 유의하게 나타났다. 또한 유아 보호용 장구 무상 대여사업에 대한 인지율 조사에서 월 평균 소득 300만원 미만(p=0.009)인 자에게서 유의하게 나타났으며, 유아 보호장구 장착에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 카시트 관련교육 유무와 부모의 직업에 따라 유의하게 나타났다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.905-919
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• 2005

This study raised the necessity of developing performance indicators for measuring the management efficiency and effectiveness of school food service, and as a means of helping its implementation, a balanced score card (BSC) approach developed by Norton and Kaplan was adopted. This study established BSC in seven phases through literature: Phase 1 Defining a school food service and the scope of working activities, Phase 2 Establishing the vision of a school food service, Phase 3 Setting strategic goals, Phase 4 Identifying critical success factors (CSFs), Phase 5 Developing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Phase 6 Extracting cause and effect relationship, and Phase 7 Completing a preliminary BSC. The preliminary BSC was fumed into a survey, which was administered to food service related people working at the Office of Education and School Food Service including 16 offices,209 dietitians, 48 school administrators both from self-operated and contract-managed, and 9 experts in areas related to school food service. They were asked questions about strategies from 4 different perspectives,12 CSFs, 39 KPls, and the cause and effect relationships among them. As a result, among the CSFs based on 4 different perspectives, all factors other than ' zero sum on profit/loss ' from the financial perspective turned out to be valid. In terms of KPIs, manufacturing cost percentages, casualty loss count/reduction rates, school foodervice participation rates, and sales goal achievement rates were found to be valid from the financial perspective, while student satisfaction index, faculty satisfaction index, leftover ratio, nutrition educational performance count, index of evaluating nutrition education, customer claim count/reduction rate, handling customer claim count/reduction rate, and parent satisfaction index were found to be valid from the customers' perspective. Besides, nutritional requirement sufficient ratio, nutritional management score, food poisoning outbreak count, employee safety accident count, sanitary inspection assessment index, meals per labor hour (productivity index), computerization ratio, operational management index, and purchase management assessment index were also found to be valid from the perspective of internal business processes. From the perspective of innovation and learning, employee turnover ratio/rate of absenteeism, annual education and training count, employee satisfaction index, human resource management assessment index, annual menu-related customer feedback, food service information index for employees and parents/schools were also found to be valid. The significance of this study is to present indices for measuring overall performance of school lunch food service operations without putting any limitation on types of school food service management, and to help correctly assess the contribution of the current types of school food service management to schools and students. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $905\∼919$, 2005)

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제6권1_2호
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• pp.92-106
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• 1999

Background : In many university hospitals, intravenous(IV) therapies and samplings had been one of the most important works of doctors who are in training. However, recently as patient oriented care is becoming more weighted for qualified health service IV therapies should be the works of specialized personnels. This study was conducted to investigate the medical staff's perception on IV team, to survey patient or parent's expectation on IV team, and to assess the frequency of IV therapy related complications and the characteristics of phlebitis among the hospitalized children. Methods : We collected data prospectively before the start of IV team from February 22 to February 29. 1999 and from September 27 to October 3, 1999, 6 months after beginning of IV team at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. IV team started their activities from March 1, 1999. General pediatric wards were not included for the IV and sampling team and oncology ward and surgical units were all included for the IV and sampling team's work. IV specialist was the well trained nurse who had been working in the field of pediatrics especially for the oncology patients. The subjects of this study were medical staffs who were working in children's hospital as doctors in training and patients who were treated with IV therapies in children's hospital during the same period. Results : Doctors responded that IV team need to be organized for IV care and expected IV team could reduce their work load. Parents of patients also responded IV team was very improtant to perform high quality IV care. They had willingness to pay extra charge for IV team care. In the wards where IV team did not work, they used various kinds and sizes of catheters, but in the wards where IV team worked, they needed just one or two types of catheters. As the exact role of IV team is not still established, job description is needed between the IV team and medical doctors. In the aspects of medical costs. it could save the materials for the IV also. Conclusion : This study showed that IV team could increase patient's satisfaction with decrease of medical doctors work load and concomitantly could save the costs of IV materials. And for the expansion of the IV team, job description is needed and for the total care of the children IV specialist and sampling team should expand their roles.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2017

본 연구의목적은 중년여성 근로자의 자아탄력성과 감정노동이 직장-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위함이다. 자료 수집은 A, B, C시에 소재한 직장에 근무하는 정규직과 비정규직에 종사자하는 중년여성 148명을 대상으로 2013년 10월 2일부터 2014년 4월 10일까지 자가 보고식 설문조사로 시행되었다. 연구결과, 중년여성의 직장-가정 갈등은 25.59(SD=11.99) 점으로, 대상자의 직장-가정 갈등은 거주유형(F=4.32, p=.015), 생활비 지출(r=.18, p=.028), 직업만족도(F=6.33, p<.001)에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 직장-가정 갈등과 자아탄력성은 유의한 음의상관관계를 보였으며(r=-.28 p=.001), 부모, 자녀와 함께 사는 거주유형(${\beta}=.29$, p=.045), 생활비 지출(${\beta}=.22$, p=.006), 직업만족도(${\beta}=-.20$, p=.015), 자아탄력성(${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001)이 직장-가정 갈등에 유의한 영향을 주는 요인으로 약 19%의 설명력을 갖는 것으로 나타났다(F=6.61 p<.001). 그러므로 중년여성 근로자의 직장-가정 갈등의 수준을 감소하기 위한 전략으로, 직장-가정 갈등에 영향을 주는 거주유형 및 생활비 지출과 같은 사회경제적인 요인에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 또한 중년여성 근로자의 직업만족도 및 자아탄력성을 향상시킬 수 있는 직업 환경 내의 심리적인 중재의 적용이 중년여성의 직장-가정 갈등 감소에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.405-418
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the interest level of mothers in oral health. The subjects in this study were 184 mothers whose children attended daycare centers in the city of K. A survey was conducted from March 15 through April 30, 2007, and SPSS WIN 11.5 program was employed to analyze their answer sheets. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. A group of mothers whose children brushed their teeth three times a day on the average made up 55.7 percent of those who were at the age of 35 and under. Among the mothers having three or more children, those mothers accounted for 59.1 percent. The daily mean toothbrushing frequency of children was higher among the better-educated mothers. 2. Concerning dietary and oral guidance, the mothers whose academic background was better curbed their children's excessive sugar intake more often, and the gap between them and the others was statistically significant(pE.05). As to the importance of oral health by the number of child and academic credential, those who had two children(36.0%) taught them the importance of oral health frequently(pE.01), and the better-educated mothers taught about it often(pE.05). The gap between the groups and the others was significant. 3. As for experience of visiting dental institutions, the working mothers visited dental institutions more often than the stay-at-home mothers, and the gap between them was statistically significant(pE.05). Regarding purpose of the visit, the largest group aimed to get treatment(64.6%), followed by having a dental checkup(14.6%) and receiving preventive treatment(13.5%). As to any inconveniences in using dental institutions, those who were working and who were in the upper income bracket found it more inconvenient to do that because of a long distance or time constraints. The gap between them and the others was significant. 4. In regard to concern for dental care, the mothers who were better educated(pE.001) and whose family income was 3 million won or more had their teeth scaled more often, and the gap between them and the others was statistically significant(pE.01). The rate of the regular visitors of dental institutions stood at 32.7 percent of the junior-college graduates, 31.0 percent of the mothers receiving college or higher education and 10.1 percent of the high-school graduates(pE.01). And those who earned larger income paid a visit to dental institutions more often and on a regular basis. The gap between them and the others was statistically significant(pE.05).

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-29
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• 1992

1. Purpose of the study: This study was to investigate and analyse the career decision making patterns of students, which would enhance vocational guidance activities for the students. The specific purposes of the study are as follows. 1) To find how much the fisheries high school students are satisfied with the school. 2) To find out the factors which would influence the fisheries high school students in their career decision making. 3) To find out the person who plays the most important role in the career decision making of the students 4) To find out the patterns of behavior taken by the fisheries high school students in their career decision making. 2. Hypotheses: The following hypotheses were tested for this study. 1) There would be significant differences in the extent of school-satisfaction, depending on the class level and major. 2) There would be significant differences in the value criterion with which the fisheries high school students make decisions on their careers, depending on the grades, majors, and the levels of school-satisfaction. 3) There would be significant differences in the human factors which affect their decision-making on their career, depending on the class levels, majors, and the levels of school satisfaction. 4) There would be significant differences in the patterns of behavior they take when they make decisions on their careers depending on the grades, majors and the levels of school satisfaction. 3. Methods of the study: For the verification of the above hypotheses, a questionaire was developed by the researcher, and the questionaire was answered by the total 440 students from three fisheries high schools, located in the rural and urban areas, out of 8 fisheries high schools in Korea. The questionaire was composed of two major parts: school-satisfaction (10 items) and career decision making patterns (39 items). The career decision-making patterns include 16 value criterion items, 10 human category items, and 13 behavior category items. 4. Results of the study: 1) School satisfaction; There was no significant difference in school satisfaction depending on the class level and major. 2) Value criteria; a) Almost of the fisheries high school students think that the potential for advancement, job security, and salary are important factors for their job. b) The seafarer-students rated the salary, prestige of the occupation and leadership to be important than the nonseafarer-students. The nonseafarer-students rated the stabilization of their livelihood and opportunity to use their creative ideas than the seafarer-students. c) The students unsatisfied with their school emphasize the working environment, variety of work duties and leisure more than the satisfied ones. 3) Human factors: a) The fisheries high school students are affected most by their homeroom teachers, major teachers and their parents, but they are less influenced by their counselor. b) The seniors are more affected by their friends or classmates than the freshmen, and especially seafarer-students are more affected by major teachers. c) The persons, who are working in the occupation they are interested in, exert more influence on unsatisfied students than class-teachers do. 4) Behavior patterns; a) Most of them want test their abilities. b) The nonseafarer-students and seniors tend to depend on their own intuitions. c) The seafarer-students, the freshmen, and the satisfied with their school tend to discuss with other persons, and the unsatisfied tend to be influenced by the information that they collect for themselves.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1999

급격한 산업화로 인한 핵가족화, 맞벌이 부부의 증가 등으로 우리나라에서는 인간의 성장에 있어 중요한 시기인 유아시기의 부모, 온 집안이나 마을 공동체가 함께 키우던 육아 전통의 바탕이 무너져 버렸다. 일하는 엄마들은 아이를 스스로 양육하지 못하는 것으로 스트레스를 받고 전업 주부들도 육아에 자신감이 없고 아버지들은 육아의 책임을 면제받는 대신 아이들과 가정으로부터 소외된다. 따라서 자녀 양육의 문제를 해결하기 위해 보편적이고 포괄적인 보육 제도를 만들어야 한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고 바람직한 육아와 교육을 위해서 부모들의 자발적인 참여를 통한 보호와 생활, 교육, 나아가 학교 교육을 보완할 수 있는 공동육아가 대안적으로 마련되어 왔다. 공동육아는 기존 보육 제도와는 달리 조합원들이 출자금을 내어 주민 자치적으로 운영할 뿐 아니라 어린이들이 자연의 생명력을 직접 체험하게 하고자 한다. 따라서 기존의 보육 제도를 위한 환경. 시설의 기준과는 다른 공동 육아에 적합한 환경디자인에 대한 기준 마련이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 유아 교육의 개념이 시대 변화에 따라 어떻게 변화하고 있는가를 파악하기 위해 이태리와 스웨덴에서 성공적으로 행해지고 있는 유아 교육의 개념 및 공동육아의 개념을 문헌 조사를 통해 정립하였다. 또한 물리적 환경조성을 위한 기본 원칙과 실제적인 환경디자인을 위한 공간 구성과 환경 조건을 문헌조사 하였다. 그리고 공동육아의 개념과 특성 및 물리적 환경 제안을 조사.정리한 후 공동육아 환경디자인의 개념과 기준 및 디자인 요소를 설정하였다. 마지막 결론으로 공동육아를 위한 환경디자인의 디자인지침을 제시하였다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2022

최근 한국사회에서 출산율이 급락하면서 부모의 자녀돌봄에 대한 사회적 지지의 필요성에 대한 공감대가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 미취학자녀를 양육하는 맞벌이부모의 여가활동별 사용시간에 초점을 맞추어 성차와 시간효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 2004년과 2019년의 통계청 생활시간조사 자료를 활용하여 미취학자녀를 둔 맞벌이부부가 근무일인 평일에 작성한 시간일지를 분석하여 전반적인 생활시간 구성(필수시간, 의무시간, 여가시간)의 변화, 여가활동 유형(자원봉사, 교제, 참여, 종교, 의례, 문화·관광, 스포츠·레포츠, 게임·놀이, 미디어, 휴식, 기타 여가)에 따른 사용시간의 성차와 조사시기별 차이, 여가활동별 사용시간에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다(n=2,697). 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 두 조사시기 모두 미취학자녀를 둔 맞벌이부부의 경우 전체성인집단에 비해 필수시간은 짧고, 의무시간은 길며, 여가시간은 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 맞벌이부모의 여가활동별 시간사용량을 비교한 결과, 성차가 유의한 활동 가운데 2004년에는 종교활동을 제외한 모든 여가활동에서, 2019년에는 모든 여가활동에서 아버지가 어머니보다 더 많은 시간을 사용하였다. 아버지와 어머니 모두 총 여가시간이 2004년에 비해 2019년에 감소하였는데, 여가활동별로는 교제, 의례, 미디어 시간은 아버지와 어머니 모두 감소하였고, 종교시간은 어머니 집단에서, 휴식시간은 아버지 집단에서만 감소하였으며, 참여와 게임·놀이 시간은 모두 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 셋째, 맞벌이부모의 여가활동 유형 중 전체성인집단과 뚜렷한 차이를 보인 3가지 여가활동(스포츠·레포츠, 게임·놀이, 미디어)을 선정하여 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 사회인구학적 변수와 생활시간 변수가 서로 다른 효과를 보였다. 이러한 연구결과는 맞벌이부모의 초기양육기 삶의 질 향상을 위한 가족정책과 부모교육프로그램 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2001

The survey on the practice of the memorial ceremonial food in Chuncheon area showed it varied according to social position of officiator, location(inland or seaside town) , and personal condition. The study included the foods prepared for the memorial services on the memorial day. New Year's Day and Chusok. 1. 40.4% of the subjects were in the thirties at their age, 46.6% were high school graduates, 57.3% were the first daughter-in-law, 40.4% had no religion, 30.9% were working at public administration and earned less than 1 to 1,5 million won monthly. 2. 71.7% of the subjects who replied that the ancestor worship service had to be kept were Buddhists. 55.4% of them were high school graduates, and 58.8% of them ran independent businesses. They learned how to practice the ancestor worship service from their mother before marriage or from their parents-in-law after marriage. 3. The older the officiators, the better they wanted to keep the traditional format of the service, but the Christians and Catholics wanted to change the format to western style in the future. 4. 92.7% of them served cooked milled rice. They prepared the soup in the order of beef soup, radish soup and dried Alaskan pollack soup. 5. Among cooked vegetable dishes, bracken was used the most and balloonflower root, mung bean sprout and spinach followed. Among jeon(pan-fried foods). frozen Alaskan pollack was used the most and buckwheat, mung bean and meatball followed. 6. They served san-juk(beef kebab) mostly on the ceremony. Among the grilled foods, tofu was the favorite, and croaker followed. 7. Among the fried foods. squid was the favorite, and sweet-potato and shrimp followed. Among the dried foods. they used in the order of dried Alaskan pollack, dried beef and squid. 8. Among the rice cake and traditional confectionery, they used in the order of Yak-sik(sweet rice cake), Gang-jeong(fried glutinous rice cookie), Jeol-pyun and In-jeol-mee. Among a beverage, they served Sik-hye(fermented rice drink) mostly. 9. Among fruits, apples. jujube, chestnut and dried persimmon were served. Aong a liquor, Cheongju was served mostly. 10. Soy sauce, salt and salted fermented fish were served, too.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.372-384
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• 2007

The purposes of this study was to analyze qualitatively changes in students' experience and perceptions in relation to studying science using portfolios and any resultant effects on the portfolio itself. Five fourth-grade elementary students from one small city participated in this study. Data was collected through interviews as well as through student portfolios containing the science content matter of two units over two weeks. Observational diaries recorded by a teacher were also used to test the reliability of data collection. All interviews with students were transcribed to develop a suitable network to categorize students' responses. Students' portfolios were analyzed in order to reveal their essential characteristics in combination with their teacher's observational diaries. The results were as follows. First, student perceptions of their portfolios were categorized into three different levels; superficial, extended, and moderate perceptions. The changes in perception could also be divided into three levels; consistent-superficial, unstable, and a progressive-extended pattern. Second, the experience of students with their portfolio were investigated in terms of the following; successfully completing the elements of the portfolio, development of evidence, interaction with peers, teachers, and parents, and the standards of evaluation used for the portfolios. Third, the perceptions and experience of working on the portfolio by students had a number of direct effects on the way in which students actually created and developed their portfolios. Finally, students with positive attitudes towards their portfolios actively participated in the portfolio experience and finally understood what it meant completely. However, students with negative attitudes regarding portfolio based work, did not leave the experience with any heightened awareness of the utility or indeed, purpose of portfolio based work.