• Archives of design research
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• v.14
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• pp.141-150
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• 1996

In recent years space planning for modern city has been accomplished through scientific high technique and computer supported collaborative work. Relatively human being is treated as a component of the space or whole building and according to the social structure people tend to prefer private space. The necessity of the open space as an active place is emphasized now because the interaction created between users of the space and the nature, surrounding environment can influence on improving quality of outdoor life and giving the place specific identity. In this paper three ways of analyses of components which compose the open space are studied. Especially through the process of analyses derived from differenet areas, the necessity of communication model in collaborative work is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.98-103
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• 2016

The goals of this study were to investigate some significant factors to judge level of safety at urban railway construction field and to analyze degree of risk by work classification. Currently, there are lots of construction fields for the urban railway for national transportation, and our government also planned constructing more urban railway in near future. However, most of the researches on safety neglected the degree of risk factors on the urban railway construction field. Safety managers participated in the brainstorming session for deriving decision criteria of the degree of risk (i.e., significant factors). Then, they were asked to answer a structured questionnaire which was developed for deriving most important factors. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to analyze level of risk by work classification. The following results were obtained. First, total twelve factors judging degree of risk were found in the brainstorming session. Second, the questionnaire showed four significant factors, including adjacency of obstacle, intensity of work, unsafe condition and work space. Third, the results of AHP showed civil work is the most dangerous work among 6 work types. The results could be used to give the safety management priority on accident prevention efforts among several hazards and to reduce degree of risk in construction field of the urban railway.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-69
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• 1986

This study aimed to fine out the rational quantity of kitchen utensils and appliances Questionnair was distributed to families of 469 of middle school students. I studied status of kitchen work centers, quantity and the kinds of kitchen utensils. The results were as follows. 1. the status of kitchen :1) The percentage of western style work centers was significantly higher than the average level of Seoul. 2) The length and the height of work centers were below standard. 3) Arrangement of work centers was relatively correct, however, the kinds of kitchen work centers were not fully equipped. 2. The quantity of kitchen utensils: The socio-economic status were the main factor of the quantity of kitchen utensils. Educational level, income level and floor space were strongly corrected to the quantity of kitchen utensils.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.192-198
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• 1999

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders constitute a major source of employee disability and lost wages. Cumulative Trauma Disorders(CTD) refers to a category of physical conditions which result from chronic musculoskeletal injury. Assessment of CTD risk in industry at early stage allows for early control, a safe environment, and a healthier workforce. In this study, the physical load of the shipping work in the cold storage warehouse were especially investigated. Employees were working with almost unnatural posture in a very restricted work space. The questionnaire and biomechanical analysis were used to evaluate the physical load. Results from analyses showed that they were sufficiently exposed to CTD due to repetition and unnatural posture. Based on the analysis, ways for improving working conditions are proposed. The analysis and proposals in this paper will serve as a basic tool for designing/redesigning working environment such as improvement of tools and equipments, design of times for work/rest cycle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.131-133
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• 2010

As linear scheduling method has been used since 1929, Empire State Building linear schedule, it is being applied in various fields such as construction and manufacturing. When addressing concurrent critical path occurring on linear schedule of construction, the empirical researches stress the resource management which should be applied for optimizing work flow, flexible work productivity and continuos resource allocation. However, work relationships has been usually overlooked for making the linear schedule from existing network schedule. Therefore, this research analyze the previous researches related to linear scheduling model and then propose the method that can be applied for adopting the relationships of network schedule to the linear schedule.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.39-77
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• 2019

Crew members engaged in international air transportation provide work in many countries due to the nature of their work. According to the Private International Act, the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work plays an important role in the determination of the governing law of the international labor contract (Article 28, Paragraph 2) and in the decision of international jurisdiction (Article 28, Paragraphs 3 and 4). The concept of the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work was proposed by the EU to determine international jurisdiction and governing law. In international aviation law, the legislative purpose of the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work is different from that of home base, which is a concept introduced for fatigue management of the crew in order to secure the aviation safety; thus the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work and home base are not the same concept. In order to determine the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work, following matters should be considered comprehensively; (i) where the crew starts and ends work, (ii) where the aircraft the crew is performing work on is primarily parked, (iii) where the crew is informed of the instructions and organizes his/her work activities, (iv) where the crew is obliged to reside according to the labor contract, (v) where there is an office provided by the employer and available to the crew, (vi) where the crew is obliged to be when he/she is ineligible for the work or subject to discipline. However, since all of the above items are the same as the location of the home base, it is reasonable to consider the home base as the most important factor when deciding on the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work. In contrast, the state where the aircraft is registered (Article 17 of the Chicago Convention), should not be regarded as a place of where the employee habitually carries out his/her work. In this case, CJEU provided the first judging standard for the concept of the place where the employee engaged in international air transportation habitually carries out his/her work. It is the interpretation of the Brussels regulations which became a model -for the Korean Private International Act,- so it would be helpful to understand the concept of the place where the employee habitually carries out his/her work.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.587-601
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• 2015

In this paper, we investigate the $\mathbb{R}$-complex Hermitian Finsler spaces, emphasizing the differences that separate them from the complex Finsler spaces. The tools used in this study are the Chern-Finsler and Berwald connections. By means of these connections, some classes of the $\mathbb{R}$-complex Hermitian Finsler spaces are defined, (e.g. weakly K$\ddot{a}$hler, K$\ddot{a}$hler, strongly K$\ddot{a}$hler). Here the notions of K$\ddot{a}$hler and strongly K$\ddot{a}$hler do not coincide, unlike the complex Finsler case. Also, some kinds of Berwald notions for such spaces are introduced. A special approach is devoted to obtain the equivalence conditions for an $\mathbb{R}$-complex Hermitian Finsler space to become a weakly Berwald or Berwald. Finally, we obtain the conditions under which an $\mathbb{R}$-complex Hermitian Finsler space with Randers metric is Berwald. We get some clear examples which illustrate the interest for this work.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.149-150
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• 2012

We have created new catalogues of AKARI/IRC $2-24{\mu}m$ North Ecliptic Pole Deep survey through new methods of image analysis. In the new catalogues the number of false detection decreased by a factor of 10 and the number of objects detected in multiple bands increased by more than 1,500 compared to the previous work. In this proceedings the new methods of image analysis and the performance of the new catalogues are described.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.1
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• pp.52-55
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to suggest the spatial structure among residential behaviors in relation to work space. To find the structure, Multi-Dimensional Scaling analysis was used. Respondents were 349 middle income housewives living in apartments in the area of Caopital region. Data were collected through the questinnaire survey. For the future residential interior design, following points were sugtested. A laundary space neess to be developed independently , being separated from both bathroom and kitchen/dining space. A new area which will give housewives some territoriality and also function as home office needs to be considered. A space configuration which satisfies the organic relationships among laundary behaviors such as washing dying, ironing and folding , needs to be systematically planned, with two adjoining separate zones of wet and dry utility . The present bathroom nees to be more incorporated to the private bedroom rather than to workspace.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.105-108
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• 2007

These days, a cultural life level is improved through the industrialization and information-oriented age. It is becoming Emotional. Especially, people spend most of time in the office space. The office space is the place where they usually have mental activity and Inter-communication with others. So people who work in the office space need to apply not only convenience and public welfare but also comfortablespace. Moreover, This study analyzes color of a office space and materials, and accept from efficiency and an economic design. And will present direction of a color plan to be able to feel the sensitivity design that accepted from functionality and decoration.