• Wind and Structures
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.433-457
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• 2017

As a novel typical wind-sensitive structure, the wind load and wind-induced structural behaviors of super-large straight-cone cooling towers are in an urgent need to be addressed and studied. A super large straight-cone steel cooling tower (189 m high, the highest in Asia) that is under construction in Shanxi Power Plant in China was taken as an example, for which four finite element models corresponding to four structural types: the main drum; main drum + stiffening rings; main drum + stiffening rings + auxiliary rings (auxiliary rings are hinged with the main drum and the ground respectively); and main drum + stiffening rings + auxiliary rings (auxiliary rings are fixed onto the main drum and the ground respectively), were established to compare and analyze the dynamic properties and force transferring paths of different models. After that, CFD method was used to conduct numerical simulation of flow field and mean wind load around the cooling tower. Through field measurements and wind tunnel tests at home and abroad, the reliability of using CFD method for numerical simulation was confirmed. On the basis of this, the surface flow and trail characteristics of the tower at different heights were derived and the wind pressure distribution curves for the internal and external surfaces at different heights of the tower were studied. Finally, based on the calculation results of wind-induced responses of the four models, the effects of stiffening rings, auxiliary rings, and different connecting modes on the dynamic properties and wind-induced responses of the tower structure were derived and analyzed; meanwhile, the effect mechanism of internal suction on such kind of cooling tower was discussed. The study results could provide references to the structure selection and wind resistance design of such type of steel cooling towers.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2020

Gusts generated by downburst have caused a great variety of structural damages in many regions around the world. It is of great significance to accurately evaluate the downburst-induced wind load on high-rise building for the wind resistance design. The main objective of this paper is to propose a computational modeling approach which can satisfactorily predict the mean and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients induced by downburst on high-rise building surfaces. In this study, using an impinging jet to simulate downburst-like wind, and simultaneous pressure measurements are obtained on a high-rise building model at different radial locations. The model test data are used as the database for developing back propagation neural network (BPNN) models. Comparisons between the BPNN prediction results and those from impinging jet test demonstrate that the BPNN-based method can satisfactorily and efficiently predict the downburst-induced wind pressure coefficients on single and overall surfaces of high-rise building at various radial locations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.672-680
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• 2017

태양광 발전 시스템은 태양광 패널이 부착되어 있는 구조물, 이를 지지하는 부분과 발전된 전력을 계통 또는 부하측에 공급하는 장치로 구성된다. 태양광 패널의 발전효율은 태양빛의 입사량에 영향을 받기 때문에 패널이 태양빛을 가장 많이 받을 수 있는 방향으로 패널 구조물을 설치한다. 그러나 태양은 계속 이동하기 때문에 고정식 보다는 태양을 향하여 패널이 회전하는 방식이 더욱 효율이 좋다. 태양광 패널 구조물은 야외에 설치되므로 풍하중, 적설하중 지진하중 등이 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 태양광 패널 구조물에 가장 영향이 큰 풍하중을 유한요소법을 사용하여 구하고 이를 적용하여 태양 추적식 발전 장치의 구조물을 설계하였다. 특히 패널간의 간격에 따른 풍하중을 구하고, 패널 구조물이 지면과 이루는 각도에 따른 풍하중의 변화도 구하였다. 패널간의 간격은 간격이 없을 경우, 간격이 40 mm, 80 mm일 경우 등 3가지 경우에 대하여 해석을 하였으며, 지면과의 각도는 30도, 45도, 60도 등에 대하여 해석을 하였다. 해석결과 풍하중은 패널간의 간격이 없을 경우가 가장 적게 나타났고, 지면과의 경사각이 클수록 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제12권5호통권48호
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• pp.495-502
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 광주월드컵 경기장을 같은 형태의 지붕이 하나인 경우와 두 개인 경우로 구분하여 풍동실험을 수행하였으며 그 실험결과에 대해서 고찰하였다. 본 실험에서는 1/400의 축소모형을 이용하였다. 지붕이 1개가 설치되는 경우와 2개가 설치되는 경우에 대한 풍압측정결과 2개의 지붕면이 설치되면 단위면적당 풍하중이 1개의 지붕면의 경우에 비해 구조골조용 풍하중은 최대35%정도의 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는, 지붕면에 작용하는 풍하중은 높이에만 의존되어 결정되는 현행 풍하중 규준의 적용한계를 나타냄과 동시에 대형 구조물의 경우 풍동실험이 반드시 필요함을 나타내는 내는 일례라고 할 수 있다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2007

Wind tunnel experiments on small scale groups of tanks are reported in the paper, with the aim of evaluating the pressure patterns due to group effects. A real tank configuration is studied in detail because one tank buckled during a hurricane category 3. Three configurations are studied in a wind tunnel, two with several tanks and different wind directions, and a third one with just one blocking tank. The pressures were measured in the cylindrical part and in the roof of the tank, in order to obtain pressure coefficients. Next, computational buckling analyses were carried out for the three configurations to evaluate the buckling pressure of the target structure. Finally, imperfection-sensitivity was investigated for one of the configurations, and moderate sensitivity was found, with reductions in the maximum load of the order of 25%. The results help to explain the buckling of the tank for the levels of wind experienced during the hurricane.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.311-315
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• 2012

In these days, promising renewable energy, wind turbine is clean energy but has an environmental pollutant which is noise. Noise assessment is one of the major performance evaluations for wind turbine and nowadays, developing and research for measurement and method of the assessment considering environmental pollutants is being important. Object in this study is that figuring out sound power characteristic of the gearbox for wind turbine through measuring sound intensity. In back-to-back test, we can figure out the noise characteristic of the gearbox for wind turbine through comparing and measuring sound pressure level, sound power level in operating at the each load condition respectively.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.431-443
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• 2020

The modern tall buildings are often constructed as an unconventional plan and as twin buildings. Wind load on the tall building is significantly influenced by the presence of another building in the near vicinity. So, it is imperative to study wind forces on an unconventional plan shaped tall building. Mean wind pressure coefficients of a square and 'H' plan shape tall buildings are investigated using wind tunnel experiments. The experiments were carried out for various wind directions from 00 to 900 at an interval of 300 and various locations of the identical interfering building. The experimental results are presented at the windward face from the viewpoint of effects on cladding design. To quantify the interference effects, interference factors (I.F) are calculated. Mean pressure coefficients of both models are compared for isolated and interference conditions. The results show that pressure reduces with an increase in wind angle till 600 wind direction. The interfering building at full blockage interference condition generates more suction than the other two conditions. The interference factor for both models is less than unity. H-plan building model is subjected to a higher pressure than the square model.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.439-452
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• 2021

The concept of Performance objective assessment is extended to wind engineering. This approach applies using the Database-Assisted Design technique, relying on the aerodynamic database provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A structural model of a low-rise building is analyzed to obtain influence coefficients for internal forces and displacements. Combining these coefficients with time histories of pressure coefficients on the envelope produces time histories of load effects on the structure, for example knee and ridge bending moments, and eave lateral drift. The peak values of such effects are represented by an extreme-value Type I Distribution, which allows the estimation of the gust wind speed leading to the mean hourly extreme loading that cause specific performance objective compromises. Firstly a fully correlated wind field over large tributary areas is assumed and then relaxed to utilize the denser pressure tap data available but with considerably more computational effort. The performance objectives are determined in accordance with the limit state load combinations given in the ASCE 7-16 provisions, particularly the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method. The procedure is then repeated for several wind directions and different dominant opening scenarios to determine the cases that produce performance objective criteria. Comparisons with two approaches in ASCE 7 are made.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2013

This study was carried out to present the pressure drop for various wind speeds through nine types of screens used in horticultural facilities. The screens have been widely used to prevent harmful insects from being entered into agricultural facilities, to reduce strong wind and to shade a light as well. Whatever the usage of the screens was, it was necessary to have good knowledge of how much the screen caused a pressure drop for wind speeds when analyzing both the inner thermal-flow distribution in the facility and the effect of reducing wind speed by using CFD. Furthermore, as for wind screens, the pressure drop for wind speeds was needed as a design load in evaluating the structural stability of the structures supporting the screens. Therefore, the pressure drop through the screens for wind speeds of 5~30 $m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ at about 5 $m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ interval and inflow angles of $0{\sim}45^{\circ}$ at an interval of $15^{\circ}$ was respectively measured in a subsonic wind tunnel. The relation of the pressure drop for various screens was well fitted as a secondorder polynomial expression.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.321-325
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• 2006

Because strong wind is one of the few forces that, although considered in container crane design, still cause significant damage, a container crane was tested to investigate wind load characteristic in uniform flows. So, this study measured an external point pressure at the each members of a container crane according to a wind direction and a shape of members in a wind-tunnel test. The result of this test was compared to those of computation fluid dynamics using a CFX 10. The scale of a container crane model for wind tunnel test applied similarity scales to consider the size of the wind tunnel test section and the boundary condition for CFD is like wind tunnel test.