• 제목/요약/키워드: wild sheep

검색결과 26건 처리시간 0.019초

무등산국립공원 담양 지구의 식물상과 생태계교란 식물에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Flora and its Introduced Disturbing Plants in Damyang Area of Mudeungsan National Park, Korea)

  • 이종원;이수홍;강신호
    • 한국자원식물학회지
    • /
    • 제34권1호
    • /
    • pp.103-113
    • /
    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 무등산국립공원 담양권역의 전체 식물상 및 특기 할만한 식물의 분포를 파악하고 생태계교란 야생식물의 유입요인 및 관리방안을 모색해보기 위해 수행되었다. 조사는 2019년 5월부터 2020년 10월까지 총 8차례에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 무등산국립공원 담양권역의 식물상은 107과 349속 531종 57변종 5아종 10품종 총 603 분류군이 분포하는 것으로 확인하였다. 이는 우리나라 관속식물 총 4,881 분류군의 약 12.33%로 나타났다. 무등산국립공원 담양권역에서 출현한 희귀식물은 총 15 분류군이 관찰되었다. 멸종위기종(CR)은 목련, 위기종(EN)은 댕강나무 등이 출현하였다. 취약종(VU)은 개박하, 나도옥잠화, 땅나리 그리고 주목이 관찰되었다. 무등산국립공원 담양권역의 식물구계학적 특정식물은 50과 73속 81종 3변종 1아종으로 총 85 분류군이 출현하였다. V등급은 승마 등 3분류군, IV등급은 선주름잎, 고로쇠나무, 털조장나무 등 5분류군, III등급은 청시닥나무, 산황나무 등이 관찰되었고, 특산식물은 노각나무, 닥나무, 각시서덜취, 백운산원추리, 병꽃나무, 검팽나무, 진범 등 총 13 분류군으로 파악되었다. 무등산국립공원 담양권역에서 출현한 귀화식물은 미국자리공, 방가지똥 등 16과 36속 45종 총 45 분류군으로 관찰되었고, 귀화율은 7.46%로 나타났으며, 도시화지수는 14.01%로 계산되었다. 생태계교란 야생식물은 돼지풀, 애기수영, 도깨비가지, 및 양미역취 총 4 분류군이 관찰되었다. 신선대억새평전에 생육하는 생태계교란 야생식물인 애기수영에 대한 장기적인 모니터링이 요구되고, 특히 물리적이고 생물학적인 방제가 지속되어야 할 것이다.

Effect of Forage to Concentrate Ratio and Monensin Supplementation on cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid and trans-11 Octadecenoic Acid Concentrations of Ruminal Contents and Plasma in Sheep

  • Zhang, Yuzhi;Kong, Xianghao;Zhu, Xiaoping;Wang, Runlian;Yan, Yichai;Jia, Zhihai
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제19권5호
    • /
    • pp.699-704
    • /
    • 2006
  • Twenty-four cannulated Small-tailed Han${\times}$Poll Dorset wethers (BW $47.5{\pm}2.1kg$) were used to determine the effects of forage to concentrate ratio (40:60 vs. 70:30), monensin supplementation (0, 15 or 30 ppm, DM basis) and interactions of these two factors on cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) and trans-11 octadecenoic acid (trans11-$C_{18:1}$) concentrations in ruminal contents and plasma in sheep. The experiment was designed as a $2{\times}3$ factorial. The diet contained Chinese wild rye grass hay (Aneurolepidium Chinese), cracked corn, soybean meal, NaCl, limestone and trace mineral premix. Dietary crude fat and linoleic acid ($C_{18:2n-6}$) were adjusted with soybean oil to about 7.0% and 24.0 mg/g (DM basis), respectively. High forage diets increased (p<0.001) the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in ruminal contents and plasma. Monensin supplementation increased (p<0.001) the concentration of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ in ruminal contents, but had no effect on that of cis-9, trans-11 CLA. Concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ (p<0.019) and cis-9, trans-11 CLA (p<0.022) in plasma increased with dietary monensin levels. Interactions of forage: concentrate ratio and monensin level tended to affect the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ (p<0.091) and $C_{18:2n-6}$ (p<0.083) in ruminal contents. Increasing forage levels increased the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in the rumen. Supplementing with monensin increased the ruminal production of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in plasma.

Effects of Type and Level of Forage Supplementation on Voluntary Intake, Digestion, Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis and Growth in Sheep Fed a Basal Diet of Rice Straw and Cassava

  • Premaratne, Sujatha;van Bruchem, J.;Chen, X.B.;Perera, H.G.D.;Oosting, S.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제11권6호
    • /
    • pp.692-696
    • /
    • 1998
  • An experiment was conducted with eight growing sheep (average initial weight 20.6 kg and average final weight 23.7 kg) in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to study the effect of type of forage supplementation to a basal diet of rice straw (ad libitum) and cassava (Manihot esculanta, approximately 9 g of dry matter $(DM).kg^{-0.75}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) on voluntary intake, digestion, rumen microbial protein synthesis and daily weight gain. Forages used were Leucaena (L, Leucaena leucocephala), Gliricidia (G, Gliricidia maculata) and Tithonia (T, Tithonia diversifolia, wild sunflower) at a DM supplementation level of approximately $13g.kg^{-0.75}.day^{-1}$. Organic matter intake was 40.4, 55.5, 55.0 and $54.9g{\cdot}kg.^{-0.75}{\cdot}day^{-1}$ for control (C, ad libitum straw and cassava), L, G and T. respectively, significantly lower for C than for the supplemented diets. Intake of supplementary forage had also a significantly positive effect on voluntary rice straw intake. All forage supplemented diets showed a significantly higher whole diet organic matter digestion than C ($488g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), while T ($557g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) differed significantly from L ($516g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) but not from G ($526g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$). Daily weight gain was -1.7, 5.2, 5.4 and $4.7g{\cdot}kg^{-0.75}$, for C, L, G and T. respectively, significantly lower for C than for the forage-supplemented diets. Efficiency of microbial protein synthesis estimated from urinary excretion of purine derivatives was lower for C (3.8 g microbial N. (kg digestible organic matter intake $(DOMI))^{-1}$ than for the forage supplemented diets (11.3, 9.0 and 9.4 g microbial $N.(kg\;DOMI)^{-1}$ for L, G and T. respectively).

초등학생들의 구제역에 대한 지식과 인식 조사 (Study on knowledge and awareness of elementary school students about Foot-and-mouth disease)

  • 김석환;이여진;김은엽
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
    • /
    • 제12권11호
    • /
    • pp.5063-5070
    • /
    • 2011
  • 구제역은 소 돼지, 양, 염소 및 사슴 등의 발굽이 두 개인 가축 또는 야생 동물에서 발생하는 질병이다. 본 연구는 구제역에 대한 지식, 인식과 생활 습관을 경기도 총 5개 지역 초등학생 398명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 구제역이 무엇인지 들어보았는지 조사한 결과 구제역 교육을 받은 그룹은 49명 92.5%가 '있다'고 하였으며, 구제역 교육 받지 않은 그룹은 139명 68.5%가 '있다'고 하였다. '구제역 바이러스는 섭씨 $50^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 파괴되기 때문에 조리시 모두 바이러스 균이 모두 죽는다'고 지식을 조사한 결과 구제역 교육 받은 그룹은 26명 49.1%, 구제역 교육을 받지 않은 그룹은 82명 40.4%만 올바르게 알고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구제역과 같은 질병에 대한 교육은 언제하는 것이 좋다고 생각하는지 조사한 결과 두 그룹 모두 초등학교 시기라고 응답하였다. 구제역은 다국가간에 수차례 감염 발생이 일어나고 있는 질병으로 우리나라도 안전하지 못한 상재지역이다. 이에 국민들이 올바른 인식과 지식으로 대비해야 할 것이다.

한국산 멸종위기종 산굴뚝나비(나비목, 네발나비과)의 분포와 개체군 동태 (Distribution and Population Dynamics of Korean Endangered Species; Hipparchia autonoe (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on Mt. Hallasan, Jeju Island, Korea)

  • 김도성;조영복;김동순;이영돈;박성준;안능호
    • 한국환경생태학회지
    • /
    • 제28권5호
    • /
    • pp.550-558
    • /
    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 제주도 한라산에 서식하는 산굴뚝나비의 분포와 개체군 동태를 알아보기 위하여 선조사법과 포획-재포획 조사법을 실시하였다. 그 결과 산굴뚝나비는 해발 1500m 이상부터 관찰되기 시작하여 정상부까지 서식하는 것으로 확인되었다. 포획-재포획 조사에서 산굴뚝나비의 포획 개체수는 1,493개체로, 이중 수컷은 978개체, 암컷 515개체가 확인되었다. 재포획된 개체수는 518개체이며, 수컷과 암컷의 비율은 284:234로 나타났다. 그리고 암컷과 수컷의 평균생존일수는 2.31로 나타났으며, 이중 수컷 2.14일, 암컷 3.47로 나타나 암컷이 수컷 보다 오래 생존한 것으로 나타났다. 포획-재포획 조사를 통한 일일 추정개체수는 수컷이 7월에 약 1000개체를 유지하다가 점차 감소하는 것으로 나타나고 있으며 8월에는 개체수가 200개체 이하로 나타났다. 그리고 암컷은 7월에 335개체를 최고로 하였다가 점차 감소하고, 이후 8월에 이르러 개체군 크기는 120개체 이하로 나타났다. 추정개체수의 크기는 암컷이 수컷의 약 1/3수준으로 나타났다. 산굴뚝나비의 평균 이동거리는 수컷 $116.8{\pm}191.9m$, 암컷 $118.4{\pm}161.5m$로 나타나 암수간의 차이는 거의 없었다. 산굴뚝나비는 한라산 백록담을 중심으로 넓게 형성된 초지공간에서 단일 개체군을 이루고 있다. 개체 밀도가 가장 높은 곳은 훼손지 복구지역으로, 이는 한라산의 훼손된 지역을 복구하는 작업과정에서 먹이식물인 김의털이 넓은 면적으로 자라고 있어 이 지역을 중심으로 많은 개체들이 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

상고시대(上古時代)와 고조선시대(古朝鮮時代)의 의학(醫學)에 관(關)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察) (A bibliographic study on medical science ancient period (上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea (古朝鮮時代))

  • 권학철;박찬국
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
    • /
    • 제3권
    • /
    • pp.218-247
    • /
    • 1989
  • As mentioned above, I got the next conclusion since I had considered the medical contents of the ancient period(上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea(古朝鮮時代) through several bibliographic records. 1. There were Pung-baeg(風伯), Uh-sa(雨師), Un-sa(雲師) that were the names of the governmental officials during the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄). Among them, Uh-sa specially managed the treatment for diseases. When we think of the significance of Pung(風)-which means the winds, Uh(雨)-which means the rain, Un(雲)-which means of clouds, we will find out that the human life will be affected by all kinds of phenomena of the nature. So I can infer that ancestries could prevent and treat diseases with adjusting them tn the changes in the weather. 2. There were five government officials(五事) in the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄上古時代). They are Uh-ga(牛加), Ma-ga(馬加), Ku-ga(狗加), Cheo-ga(猪加) and Yang-ga(羊加), and had charges of five important duties. Among them, Cheo-ga was set to a charge of treatment for diseases. So we can notice that there existed people who treated for diseases professionally. When we think of the meanings of Uh(牛)-which intends cows or bulls. Ma(馬)-which intends horses, Ku(狗)-which intends dogs, Cheo(猪)-which intends wild boars and Yang(羊)-which intends sheep, we can see that livestocks would be raised at that time, and they came to have more chances to digest meat. Since the digestion of meat became to be a burden on the stomach and the intestines, it might cause a lot of indigestive troubles. 3. When I compared Tan-gun Pal-ga(檀君八加) with the Oh-ga(五加) in the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄上古時代), I could tell that the community of Tan-gun's period is more advanced and specialized than one of Whan-ung's. When I think of the next sentence ; "The Prince Imperial, Bu-u(夫虞) become to be a Ro-ga(鷺加), who treat for diseases professionally.", I am sure that the treatment for diseases was more importment than any other things, because he was the third son of Tan-gun(檀君). 4. According to Tan-gun(檀君) mythology, Whan-ung(桓雄) came down from the heaven of the pure Yang(純陽) to the earth and then changed into a man who had had more Yang(陽) than Yin(陰). And a bear came up from the underground(or the cave) to the ground and then changed into a women who had had more Yin(陰) than Yang(陽). So both of them became to hold together. This story implicated that ancestors had taken a serious view of each of them, namely the ancestors didn't give the ascendance to the one side of them, and made much account of the mutual harmony. So I am sure that this fact coincided with the basic theories of oriental medical science. To refer to two proverbs of Tan-gun mythology that are "Ki-Sam-Chil-Il(忌三七日)" which means caring for twenty one days, and "Pul-Gyon-Il-Gwang-Baeg-Il(不見日光百日)" which means keeping indoors for one hundred days, I can tell you that "twenty-one-day" involves the principle of the birth of life, and "one-hundred-day" contains a preparatory period or the period of death to bear another life. 5. From the medical stuff, such as wormwood(艾), garlic(蒜), or wonder-working herbage(靈草), that had been written at the bibliographic papers of the ancient period(上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea(古朝鮮時代), I consider that many people might get a lot of women's diseases, indigestive troubles, and other diseases that were caused by the weakness, but with using various spices, such as the leaves of water pepper(蔘), they could prevent the occurrance of all kinds of diseases previously. So I regard this treatment as the medicine from food. 6. One of the sayings at Nae-gyong(內經) is that "The stone accupuncture(砭石) came from the orient." We can see both "wonder-wor-king wormwood(靈草)" and "dried wormwood(乾艾)" in the several bibliographic papers of the ancient history of the old-Korea(朝鮮上古史). From these records, I can be convinced that ancestors would utilize the acupuncture(針) and the moxa cautery(灸) to cure a patient of a disease. 7. Even though someone claimed that the book, "medical science and chemistry(醫學化學)" and "medical treatment(醫學大方)" had had been written during the ancient period of the old-Korea(上古朝鮮時代), such a fact can't have been ascertained historical evidence. But it has been handed down that there existed the original phonetic alphabet, such as the "Ka-Im-To alphabet(加臨土文字)" at that time. The terms about the diseases, which had been occurred at the community of the old-Korea(古朝鮮地域), were recorded fragmentarily at other records after that time. The origin of confucianism came from the race of the eastern barbarians, and Tae-Ho-Pok-Hi(太嗅伏義) and the king. Sun(舜) came from the eastern barbarians, too. The divination of tortoise shells at the country of Un(殷) is another from which was developed at the eastern barbarians' fortune-telling of animal bones. From these facts, I can infer that, by all means, they might record the medical knowledge which had been stored for thousands of years while contacting with china directly.

  • PDF