• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.145-160
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• 2004

The purposes of this study to provide quantitative data in necessary to advance techniques kinematic analysis of Cucarachas which is an action of Rumba. Then, this study is performed on 5 female players who have won within the third prize at a national athletic meeting. When whole foot reached to floor, Displacement of right-left hip joint (until $E1{\sim}E3$ average moved 15.15cm)is found at right-left direction since the hip joint is turned to right back. On the other side, large displacement is shown because Rumba Cucaracha Movement is expressed by maximum shift of hip joint to right and left direction. Displacement of right hip joint(E3$57.40{\pm}7.46$) is found in front and in rear direction since hip joint is moved in rear and in front to turn the hip joint. It may be stated that this is ideal displacement expressed by movement of whole body with artistic poise and presentation because role of hip joint is very important in technical and artistic side. Angle of right shoulder joint E2($105.44{\pm}9.64$) is got wider. It may be stated that player shifts up and abduct elbow joint to right since center of gravity of player is exceedingly shifted to right in this motion of Cucarachas. On the other hand, since this motion is abducted right elbow and shrunk external abdominal oblique to him center of body to left front of hip joint, the angle becomes narrow. It is shown that angle of knee in right knee joint E4($75.44{\pm}2.61$) is large since right leg and hip joint is turned by foot using reaction of ground and so center of body is shifted to left. Large angle of ankle E4($134.40{\pm}10.50$) in Cucaracha Movement is shown by the action of twist force using narrow part of foot and compression force against ground with adduction speed of arm. The various kinematic analyses associated with motions of dance sport have not been sufficiently peformed so far, and thus a number of research projects for dance sport should be proposed and performed to be continuous.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

Gait kinematics and kinetics have a similar tendency between men and women, yet it remains unclear how walking while carrying a load affects the gait mechanism. Twenty adults walked with preferred velocity on level ground of 20 m relative to change of a load carriage (no load, 15%, 30% of the body weights) aimed to observe gait mechanism. We measured gait posture using the three-dimensional image analysis and ground reaction force system during stance phase on left foot. In main effect of gender difference, men showed increased displacement of center of gravity (COG) compared to women, and it showed more extended joint angle of hip and knee in sagittal plane. In main effect of a load difference, knee joint showed more flexed postuel relative to increase of load carriage. In main effect of load difference on the kinetic variables, medial-lateral force, anterior-posterior force (1st breaking, 2nd propulsive), vertical force, center of pressure (COP) area, leg stiffness, and whole body stiffness showed more increased values relative to increase of load carriage. Also, men showed more increased COP area compared to women. Interaction showed in the 1st anterior-posterior force, and as a result of one-way variance analysis, it was found that a load main effect had a greater influence on the increase in the magnitude of the braking force than the gender. The data in this study explains that women require little kinematic alteration compared to men, while men in more stiff posture accommodate an added load compared to women during gait. Additionally, it suggests that dynamic stability is maintained by adopting different gait strategies relative to gender and load difference.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.762-770
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 신체 전신 운동인 맵시 운동 프로그램을 중년여성들에게 8주간 적용하여 보행 시 수직 지면반력 크기, 발생시간, 압력 중심 요인들에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있었다. 본 연구의 피험자로 운동군 13명(연령, 41±4.4 세; 신장, 162.5±5.8 cm; 체중, 57.8±6.7 kg; 신체질량지수, 21.9±2.4 kg/m²), 대조군 12명(연령, 41.1±5.6 세; 신장, 160.9±5.5 cm; 체중, 576.2±8.1 kg; 신체질량 지수, 21.7±2.9 kg/m²) 총 25명이 참여하였다. 운동군은 7영역 23종 77동작의 맵시운동 프로그램을 8주간 주 3회 실시하였다. 보행 시 지면반력 요인들의 검증을 위하여 Two-way repeated measures ANOVA를 실시하였으며, 사후검증은 bonferroni adjustment로 분석하였다(a=.05). 맵시 운동 프로그램의 운동군은 보행 시 FMWA와 FPO 시점까지의 소요 시간, FMWA와 FPO에서 발생한 수직 지면반발력 그리고 AP 방향 COP의 RMS 요인들에서 대조군에 비해 상대적으로 큰 수치를 나타내었다. 그러므로 8주간의 맵시운동 프로그램은 보행을 수행하는 중년여성들의 가속과 감속 운동 기능을 향상시킨 것으로 나타났다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

We have not identified on what gender difference during gait at a pace of one's preferred velocity effects on the function of bilateral lower limb. This study was undertaken to investigate a difference of gait strategy by gender during gait at a one's preferred velocity of participants of adult male and female (n=20). Cinematographic data for motion analysis, ground reaction force (GRF) variables, and muscle volume of lower limb were analyzed. Significant difference of variables on movement of center of mass whole body, joint angle and moment of lower limb, and ground reaction force were tested by 2-way ANOVA analysis (P<0.05). Male group showed more muscle volume than female, and both showed more volume in dominant leg than non-dominant. Main effect by bilateral leg during gait showed higher difference in right than left leg in change of vertical position of center of mass (maximal, minimal). Main effect by gender in vertical change of position and velocity of center of mass showed higher difference in male than female (maximal, minimal). Hip joint showed more flexed and extended angle in male than female, and also dorsiflexion of ankle and flexion moment of knee and hip joint showed higher in male than female group. Therefore, this result was assumed that dominant showed furthermore more contribution for propulsive function than non-dominant leg. Gender difference showed in strategy controlling of biomechanical characteristics, and perhaps influenced by muscle volume.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제20권1호통권32호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2007

Objective : This study describes a case of urticarial drug eruption assumed to be caused by non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) treated with oriental medicine and acupuncture. Methods : We studied the case of 20-years-old drug eruption patient. The patient complained of urticaria, angioedema, itching and burning sensation after taking NSAIDs. The indications for NSAIDs prescribed were common cold symptom and sore throat. For diagnosis, blood test and urinalysis were done. For treatment, acupuncture and herbal-medicine treatment were applied. Results : The patient of this report were examined for 13 days. The radiological finding was within normal limits. The WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil level normalized during admission. After 3 days, itching and wheal reaction of whole body disappeared except facial symptom. The angioedema, itching and wheal reaction in the face was almost improved in the 4th day after discharge. Conclusions : We may expect that the oriental medical therapy improves the urticarial drug eruption caused by NSAIDs.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2013

Naejirgi is one of the fastest, most forceful and most often being used kicks in Taekkyon games, The purpose of this study was to investigate kinetic factors on two types of Naejirgi kick, one of which uses knee bending of supporting leg and the other uses little it. 12 taekkyoners (11 males and one female) who are the students of Y University participated in this study. They have been practicing on Taekkyon for five years or more. Positions of CoM, the elapsed time of each phase, vertical ground reaction forces, joint moments and impulses of supporting leg were analyzed for this study. The results were as follows; in Naejirgi with knee bending of supporting leg than without knee bending of supporting leg, the vertical motion range of whole body CoM was larger during phase 2 and 3, the elapsed time of phase 4 were longer, players stayed longer in the nearest location to opponent, during phase 4 the vertical ground reaction forces of supporting foot were larger, and joint extension moments and angular impulses of supporting leg (especially knee) were larger. In conclusion supporting knee bending is not a useful strategy for Naejirgi, because players stay longer in the nearest position to opponent and consumed more muscle force and energy for producing the vertical momentum which is unnecessary for pushing down the opponent.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.190-197
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• 1996

The optimal conditions and substrate specificity of whole body esterase (EST) activity, effects of inhibitors (Eserine, Paraoxon, p-HMB, DDVP, DFP) on the enzyme, and ontogenv of the isozymes were determined in Lucilio ilfustris Meisen. The optimal temperature was $45^{\circ}C$ regardless of kind of reacted substrate, $\alpha-naphthyl$ acetate $(\alpha-Nal,$ a.naphthvl butylate $(\alpha-N),$ and Pnaphthyl acetate $(\beta-Na),$ but the optimal pH showed some regioselectivitv to naphthvl group of the esters; PH 7.0 for Iform, pH 7.5 for a-form. The maximum reaction rate was recorded at about 2.5 $\times$ 10's M of PNa and etNa, but 1.0 $\times$ 10'S M of $\alpha-Nb.$ Among the five EST inhibitors tested, DDVP was the most powerful. However, distinction of the relative specificity of inhibitors between three body parts, head, thorax, and abdomen, was shouts, representing differences in the distribution and activity of isozvmes. Of 12 carboxyl-esterases (CE), 8 cholinesterases (ChE) and 2 arvlesterases (ArE) identified based on their inhibitor specificity throughout the development, two larval and prepupal stage specific ChEs, no pupal specific, and 2 CEs.2ChEs. and one ArE adult specific isozvmes were confirmed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 1997

목적 : Phospholipase D (PLD)는 phosphatidylcholine을 phosphatidic acid (PA)와 choline으로 가수분해 시키는 효소이다. 최근 이 효소는 다른 phospholipase들과 유사하게 세포 신호전달과정에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 많은 관심의 대상이 되고 있으며, 아울러 발암과정에 관여하리라는 추측을 하게 하고 있다. 이 실험에서는 쥐를 방사선 조사하여 각 조직에서 올레산-PLO에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 방법 : PLD assay를 위한 반응 혼합물에는 $0.1\;\muCi$의 $1,2-di[1^{14}C]palmitoyl$ phosphatidylcholine, 0.5mM phosphatidylcholine, 5mM sodium oleate, $0.2\%$ taurodeoxycholate, 50mM HEPES buffer(pH 6.5), 10mM $CaCl_2$와 25mM KF 를 함께 넣어주었다. 생성된 PA는 TLC로 분리하여 그 방사능을 측정하였다. 사용된 동물은 암컷 Wistar 쥐로서 코발트 60 원격치료 기기를 이용, 조사범위를 $10cm\times10cm$로하여 분당 선량율 2.7Gy로 방사선 조사선랸 l0Gy와 25Gy를 조사 하였다. 결과 : PLD 활성은 폐조직에서 가장 높았으며 신장, 근육, 리, 비장, 골수, 흥선. 간의 순으로 나타났다. 방사선 조사결과 PLD 활성에 변동을 보인 조직은 흥선, 비장, 폐와 골수이며, 특히 흉선과 비장은 PLD의 할성이 각각 2배 이상 증가한 것으로 관찰되었다. 이와는 반대고 골수의 PLD는 $30\%$ 이상 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 한편 PLD 활성값이 가장 낮은 판은 방사선 영향을 거의 받지 않는 것처럼 보였다. 결론 : 동물전신에 방사선 조사시 PLD가 가장 민감한 영향을 받는 조직은 림프양 기관과 조혈 세포인 것으로 보여 PLD가 이들 조직의 생리기능과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 암시해 주고있다. 더 나아가 방사선 긴장 (radiation stress)이 이들 조직의 세포증식내지 괴사현상연구에 중요한 수단을 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2017

With an increasing aging population and improved standards of living, more attention has been paid to health. Although walking exercise is known as an aerobic exercise, it imposes repeated and continuous impacts on the joints of the lower extremities. Therefore, when overweight gives a burden to the lower extremity or there is a joint disease, exercise limit occurs. The articular cartilage, weakened with age, also makes it difficult for the elderly to perform walking exercises. Accordingly, this study conducted a comparative analysis between regular walking using only the lower extremity and Nordic walking, which has been known as stable. For analysis, electromyography (EMG) was performed and the ground reaction force of the upper and lower extremities were measured in the same exercise. Integrated EMG (iEMG) revealed that the upper extremity muscles were more active in Nordic walking than in regular walking, where lower extremity muscles were relatively more inactive. In addition, when EMG measurements were performed at each measurement point during walking exercise, the pattern was different. Nevertheless, the result was the same as in iEMG. The load that occurs in each exercise was measured using the ground reaction force system. As a result, Nordic walking had a lower load than regular walking. Therefore, it was found that Nordic walking minimized the load on the lower extremities owing to the effect of whole-body exercise and was a safer and more efficient exercise method.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2004

산업현장에서는 높은 강도의 육체적 작업에 병행하여 정신적 작업이 요구되는 경우가 있다. 육체적 작업 후에 피로의 회복을 위한 충분한 시간이 주어지지 않는 경우, 이 피로에 수반되는 정신적 피로에 의해 정신적 작업의 정확도는 저하된다는 보고가 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 높은 강도의 근육활동에 숙련된 그룹과 숙련되지 못한 그룹 모두에서 본 연구를 위한 실험조건 하에서는 오히려 육체적 활동 후의 정신적 작업의 정확도가 증가한다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 또한 물리적 자극에 대한 이들 그룹의 반응시간을 측정하여 정신작업의 정확도와의 관계를 해석하였다. 그 결과 반응시간은 높은 강도의 근육활동에 숙련된 그룹에서만 운동강도에 따라 안정적으로 점증하였고, 모든 피실험자 그룹에 대해서 정신작업의 정확도와 반응시간은 밀접한 관계에 있지 않음을 알 수 있었다.