• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2011

In this paper, we analyze the distance between two systems, WiBro and WLAN, compared to standard interference probability for channel co-use in order to be used as a criteria in realization. Co-channel and adjacent channel interference probability and its effect of (WiBro) into Wireless LAN (WLAN) in TV White Spaces (TVWS) is evaluated through Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool(SEAMCAT) based on the Monte-Carlo simulation method. As a result, in the case of co-channel interference, the minimum distance between WiBro Mobile Station(MS) and WLAN User Equipment (UE) should be 210 m to allow the maximum transmitter power of WiBro UE of 25 dBm. The transmit power of WiBro BS have to be reduced to -4.96 dBm.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1499-1508
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• 2013

In the results of investigating the role of LED light quality in enhancing the ornamental value of indoor foliage plants, amber and red light increased plant height, leaf width, and leaf stalk, and the consequent tree shape decreased the ornamental value. The chlorophyll content increased significantly under white light and compound light. With regard to the effect of plant leaf color on ornamental value, the value of lightness was markedly enhanced by red light. As to the functionality of plants according to photosynthetic activity, plants such as Dieffenbachia, Clusia, and Dracaena were found favorable to those staying indoors for a longtime from morning to evening. Spathiphyllum, and Ficus were found to be recommendable for indoor spaces used actively during afternoon because their photosynthesis was activated in the afternoon. With regard to power consumption according to light quality, white light consumed 119 W/hour, around 45% lower than that of fluorescent lamps, so it is considered the optimal artificial light quality that can enhance energy efficiency. Red light consumed 72 W/hour, only 33% of that of fluorescent lamps, but it was not considered the optimal light quality because plant growth was poor under the light quality. White light and compound light were found to be the ideal light sources for improving the functionality and ornamental value of indoor plants and reducing the cost of maintenance, but because compound light hinders people from recognizing the original color of plants and makes their eyes easily tired, white light was considered the optimal light satisfying all of the ornamental value, economic efficiency and functionality resulting from plant growth.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.999-1010
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• 2022

The increase in vehicle purchases worldwide is having a very significant impact on the availability of parking spaces. In particular, since it is difficult to secure a parking space in an urban area, it may be of great help to the driver to check vehicle parking information in advance. However, the current parking lot information is still operated semi-manually, such as notifications. Therefore, in this study, we propose a system for detecting a parking space using a relatively simple image processing method based on an image taken from the sky and evaluate its performance. The proposed method first converts the captured RGB image into a black-and-white binary image. This is to simplify the calculation for detection using discrete information. Next, a morphological operation is applied to increase the clarity of the binary image, and a template mask in the form of a bounding box indicating a parking space is applied to check the parking state. Twelve image samples and 2181 total of test, were used for the experiment, and a threshold of 40% was used to detect each parking space. The experimental results showed that information on the availability of parking spaces for parking users was provided with an accuracy of 95%. Although the number of experimental images is somewhat insufficient to address the generality of accuracy, it is possible to confirm the possibility of parking space detection with a simple image processing method.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.87-99
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• 2023

Background and Purpose: According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, fibrillary amyloid-beta load in the brain causes Alzheimer's disease (AD) with toxic effects. Recently, perivascular spaces (PVSs), fluid-filled cavities around small penetrating arterioles and venules in the brain, and the glymphatic system relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and AD has been an important research topic from a physiopathological point of view. There are two types of PVSs that are associated with sporadic atherosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the number and localization of enlarged PVSs in AD. Methods: A total of 254 patients with AD and 125 healthy controls were included in this study All the patients were evaluated with neurological and cognitive examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PVSs on MRI were graded by recording their number and location. The study was a retrospective study. Results: In our study, the number of white matter convexity-central semiovale localized PVSs was higher in patients than in the control group. In addition, the number of PVSs in this localization score was higher in patients with DM2. Cerebral PVS counts were higher in patients with AD than in the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest the important role of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, one of the vascular risk factors, and the glymphatic system in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, the results of our study suggest that the evaluation of PVSs levels, especially at the (centrum semiovale), using imaging studies in AD is a potential diagnostic option.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2004

White spot disease by Cryptocaryon irritans broke out among cultured river puffer (Takifugu obscurus) cultured in sea water in Oct. 2001 and May 2004. Many white spots were easily observed on the gills with the naked eyes. The parasites attached on the gills at the base of the gill lamellae. The trophonts penetrated the interlamellar epithelium. Epithelial cell proliferation in interlamellar spaces occurred. PAS- positive mucous cells were prominent in the proliferated epithelium.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

School is where students spend a lot of time. However, it is made up spaces which have got no consideration for students. Public buildings, such as schools, were designed by experts, not by users, while the opinions of users were reflected in a small part. As a result, school has become an uncomfortable place for students. User participation design has been proposed as a way to improve it. Recently, in designing schools, user participation design called "School Space Innovation Project" has been carried out actively and many kinds of guidelines have been suggested in project. But because it is unsystematic, In fact, it is hard to apply on site. Comparing and analyzing various User Participation Processes to figure out the similarities and differences is the purpose of this research and we want to suggest the result as a data that can be used as guidelines for project related to User Participation Design.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1023-1039
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• 2012

The rising urban space in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century was an exemplary site of struggles between the dominant white population and those who migrated from the imperial peripheries. By setting up the space of Chinatown as a segregated sphere within the urban space, the dominant white American society attempted to recreate the sense of distance between themselves and the racial "others." Accordingly, the dominant narrative representations of San Francisco Chinatown at the turn of the century endeavored to produce and maintain the spatial dichotomies between the orderly spaces of natives and the disruptive immigrant communities within the larger boundary of modern American city space. As a Eurasian woman writer, Sui Sin Far attempted to provide distinctive portrayals of the space of Chinatown and its inhabitants that were far different from those of her contemporaries. Through her portrayals of San Francisco Chinatown in her collection of short-stories, Mrs. Spring Fragrance and Other Writings (1912), Far challenges against the false stereotypes and misreading of this unique immigrant space within and efforts to present the Chinatown as a heterotopic diaspora space where the "insiders" and the "outsiders" of the American urban space intermingle and influence each other.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.259-271
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• 2013

This paper addresses the efficient facility placements to adopt a super WiFi network, taking significant considerations as the next generation 'information highway'. Since the super WiFi has a wider geographic coverage by utilizing the white spaces of TV broadcasting which are empty and available frequencies for the wireless communications, it would play an important role in releasing digital divide of the internet access for low populated or mountainous areas. The purpose of this paper is to explore systematic and efficient spatial plans for the super WiFi. For doing this, we applied optimal location covering models to Gurye-gun, Jeonlanamdo. From the application, we presented optimal locations for super WiFi facilities and significant analytical results, such as the tradeoff between the number of facilities and coverage and marginal coverage for establishing super WiFi network. The results of this research would be usefully utilized for decision makers who wish to adopt a super WiFi, to extend wireless networks in a city or build a regional infrastructure of wireless facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

This paper presents a landscape design for the citizen plaza around the ˝Woojeongchongkuk˝(the 1st Korean postal building) where the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1844 coup d´etat) occurred and which was once used as the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(a palace hospital). The site is located in 39 Kyeonji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, and of which area is about 2,013$m^2$. The landscape design goals are to build traditional spaces which fit the traditional buildings and where people feel the old atmosphere; to build interesting spaces where people can learn the post and telegraphic history; and to build nature-friendly green rest spaces in the city. To achieve these goals, symbolic, traditional, educational, historical, and environmentally-friendly concepts are developed. With this concept the space is divided into two axis of the pst and telegraph of Korea. Along the two axis the Postage Stamp ˝Madang˝(yard), the Letter Garden, the Telegraphic ˝Ddeul˝(garden), the Communication Plaza, and the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(old palace hospital) and the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1884 coup d´etat) Memorial Place are arranged. The Postal Stamp Madang which symbolizes the first Korean postage stamp is a space for studying history and evolution of stamps in Korea. The Letter Garden which symbolizes and formalizes a letter paper is composed with white bamboo trees which are planted linearly and long granite benches on which famous letters are carved. In the Telegraphic Ddeul which symbolizes the telegraph, the history of the telegraphic instrument and the telephone is exhibited. In the Communication Plaze which symbolizes future post and telegraph service extending to the world, the images of satellite communication, internet, webmail etc. are exhibited. The Jeoneoigan, and the Gapsinjeongbyeon Memorial Place is for memorializing the historic place and events. Throughout the whole place, various models and ceramic picture tiles about the post and telegraph and exhibited for effective education. In conclusion, sustainable management schemes for the site are suggested.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.1894-1912
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• 2012

This paper proposes a system called Wireless Link based on Global Communication Channel (WLGCC) to enhance the spectrum sharing between digital broadcasting (DB) services and the cognitive radio (CR) system in the licensed band of 470-790 MHz. The WLGCC aims to enhance the spectrum sensing and geolocation database (GLD) spectrum sharing methods in the CR system. Spectrum sensing can be enhanced by receiving the status of the used frequencies from the WLGCC, thereby eliminating the need for a low detection threshold (i.e., avoiding the hidden node problem). In addition, the GLD can be enhanced by providing a reliable communication link between the database and the CR device in the form of an unused TV white space that is reserved as the proposed Global Communication Channel (GCC). This paper analyzes the coexistence of the new WLGCC system and the DB service in terms of avoiding additional interference. Specifically, we mathematically determine the WLGCC parameters, such as the in-band and out-of-band power levels, and operation coverage, and verify them using Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that WLGCC does not degrade the existing DB service and reliably transmits information of the vacant (or used) frequency bands to the CR.