• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2002

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of two biologically active compounds(Strom and F-760) in control of wheat root rot disease and its causal organisms. Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. solani and Bipolaris sorokiniana were used as target organisms. In vitro, the two compounds showed fungicidal effect on all investigated pathogens resulted in suppression of radial growth and mycelial dry weight of them. Under greenhouse conditions, treatment of wheat grains with either Strom or F-760 before cultivation significantly reduced the percent of disease distribution as well as the mean disease rating of plants in both seedling and flowering stages. Fresh and dry weights of plants as well as water maintenance capacity were increased as the result of applying these compounds as seed dressing. Also data showed that the membrane stability of plants was injured as a result of infection with all investigated organisms, while this injury was alleviated when F-760 and Strom were applied. The $K^+$ efflux and the leakage of UV absorbing metabolites was stimulated with fungal infection. However, F-760 and Storm treatment partially retarded the stimulatory effect on leakage of $K^+$ and UV-absorbing metabolites of fungal infected plants. On the other side, the fungal infection had inhibitory effects on pigment fractions(chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) biosynthesis in wheat leaves. This retarding effect was partially or completely alleviated as the grains were treated with the applied compounds.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2020

Wheat is the most abundant crop in the world, accounting for one third of the world's population diet. In Ukraine, wheat is in fact, in addition to its nutritional value, a national symbol of the state. Therefore, the main thesis on the development of modern plant growing in Ukraine is the reduction of costs and the introduction of innovative technologies. The quality of grain and seed depends on many factors, namely: agro-climatic conditions, sowing condition of the seed material, quality characteristics of the soil, yielding properties of seeds, pre-sowing seed treatment. etc. For this purpose, the photosynthesis and intensity of photosynthesis need to be limited to the width of the leaf and the height of the leaves by a smaller cut of the stem. It is extremely important to ensure that the head and side pagons of wheat are in good condition. All parameters are often secured by the technology of grain preparation before delivery. Prior to this technology, it is possible to introduce processing of the material in the form for the development of the material. This article presents the effectiveness of the use of infrared irradiation for the pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds in Sekobra Research, Germany.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2021

Tilletia laevis Kuhn (syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.) causes wheat common bunt, which is one of the most devastating plant diseases in the world. Common bunt can result in a reduction of 80% or even a total loss of wheat production. In this study, the characteristics of T. laevis infection in compatible wheat plants were defined based on the combination of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. We found T. laevis could lead to the abnormal growth of wheat tissues and cells, such as leakage of chloroplasts, deformities, disordered arrangements of mesophyll cells and also thickening of the cell wall of mesophyll cells in leaf tissue. What's more, T. laevis teliospores were found in the roots, stems, flag leaves, and glumes of infected wheat plants instead of just in the ovaries, as previously reported. The abnormal characteristics caused by T. laevis may be used for early detection of this pathogen instead of molecular markers in addition to providing theoretical insights into T. laevis and wheat interactions for breeding of common bunt resistance.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 1984

질소의 추비가 소맥엽신의 기공개도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 검토하기 위하여 소맥 조광 품종을 공시하여 질소추비와 무추비구로 처리하여 침윤법으로 최고분얼기, 절간신장기, 수잉기, 개화기, 등숙중기에 기공개도를 측정하였던바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 소맥엽신의 기공개도는 생육이 진전됨에 따라 증가하여 개화기경에 최대에 달하였으며 그 이후는 저하하였다. 2. 1 일중 기공개도가 최대로 되는 시각은 각시기 모두 정오경이었으며 오후 6시경에는 상당히 폐공 되었으나 이는 생육단계에 따라 다소 상이하였다. 3. 질소의 추비는 엽신의 기공개도를 증가시켰는데 그 정도는 생육이 왕성한 수잉기와 개화기에 특히 큰 경향이었다. 4. 상위엽은 하위엽에 비하여 모든 생육단계에서 큰 기공개도를 나타내었으며, 질소추비에 의한 기공개도의 차이도 상위엽이 하위엽에 비하여 크게 나타나는 경향이었다. 5. 엽신의 질소함량과 1 일중 기공개도의 최대치간에는 고도의 정상관(r=0.66＊＊) 관계가 있었는데, 상위엽과 하위엽 모두 같은 경향이었다. 6. 각 엽기의 엽위간 기공개도의 차는 완전 전개한 최상위엽이 최대치를 나타내었고 전개중인 미성숙엽이나 엽의 노화가 진전된 하위엽일수록 기공개도는 작았다. 7. 각 엽신의 함수중, 근중 및 근의 활력은 질소의 추비에 의하여 증가되었는데 이는 기공개도를 증대시친 한 요인으로 작용한 것으로 추찰되었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.106-107
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• 1997

Indole-3-methylethanoate was isolated for the first time form natural source i.e. from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz and fully characterized by physical and chemical evidence, the biological activity of the compound was studied by wheat coleoptile bioassay which showed growth promoting activity.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 1999

No-till direct-sown rice-wheat relaying cropping system has major advantages such as labor and cost saving by eliminating tillage and preparation of seed bed and transplanting. In this system, rice sowing was done simultaneously wheat harvesting. A paddy field experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of no-till years on soil microbial changes and soil physico-chemical characteristics with rice growth and development. Chemical fertilizers and agricultrual chemicals was not applied in no-till system. As the year in no-till direct-sown system the air permeability was increased and after water submerging soluble nitrogen was released Aerobic microbial-n was highest in May and then decreased after water irrigation. The population of aerobic soil microorganisms were steeply decreased after water submerging Soil microorganisms was decreased with the increased the soil depth. A month was needed for the seedling establishment in a no-tillage rice-wheat cropping system. Increased cropping years improved leaf greenness and leaf area index(LAI). But stomatal conductance(Gc) was higher in conventional cultivation system than no-till system. Stomatal conductance at panicle initiation stage was increased higher in conventional condition of leaves but the difference between conventional and no-till system was increased at heading stage. In no-till 4 years condition rice grain yield was spikelet numbers per panicle.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.150-153
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• 2003

비목나무 잎의 메탄올 추출물을 n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, $H_2O$으로 순차적으로 용매분획하였다. Ethylacetate 분획으로부터 silica gel chromatography를 반복하고 재결정하여 활성물질을 분리 정제하였다. 화합물은 NMR과 MS의 기기분석 결과 methyllucidone의 입체이성질체 혼합물로 구조결정 되었다. 이 혼합물은 밀 붉은녹병에 대하여 $50\;{\mu}g/ml$에서 85%의 방제효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2000

감잎분말의 함량을 달리하여 밀가루에 첨가하고, 부재료에 의한 영향을 줄이기 위해 필수적으로 첨가해야할 소금, 설탕, 효모를 가하여 식빵을 제조한 후, 여러 가지 물리적, 관능적 품질 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 감잎분말을 0%에서 2%까지 첨가한 식빵의 수분함량 및 수분활성도는 그 첨가량에 관계없이 각각 45%, 0.97로 나타났다. 2. 감잎분말을 1%까지 첨가한 식빵에서는 무첨가 시료에 비교해서 비체적에 영향을 거의 미치지 않았다. 3. 빵껍질의 색은 감잎분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 L, a, b및 ΔE값이 감소하였으며 기호도 또한 감소하였고, 내부의 색도는 감잎분말을 1% 첨가할 때까지는 기호도가 증가하였다. 4. 물성적인 품질 특성인 텍스쳐 및 관능검사 결과를 종합해 볼 때 1%의 감잎분말을 첨가한 식빵의 기호도가 가장 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1985

18종(種)의 식물질(植物質)을 토양(土壤)에 첨가(添加)하여 개량(改良)한 토양(土壤)에 인삼근부병원(人蔘根腐病原)에 하나인 Fusarium solani의 후막포수(厚膜胞數)$5{\times}10^3\;Cells/g\;soil)$를 접종(接種)하고 여기에 지표(指標)가 되는 식물(植物) 로 완두(Pisium sativa L.)를 심어 이병성(罹病性) 정도(程度)에 의하여 개량효과를(改良效果) 조사하고 또한 개량물질(改良物質)의 처리(處理) 전(前)과 후(後)의 토양내(土壤內)의 미생물분포(微生物分布)의 변동(變動)을 비교(比較)하였다. 식물질(植物質)로 개량(改良)한 토양처리구(土壤處理區)에서 분쇄밀처리구에서는 대조구(對照區) 이상으로 이병성( 罹病性)이 높았고, 다음이 고구마 줄기, 배추, 인삼잎 및 콩깍지의 순이였다. 반면 마늘 뿌리를 처리한 토양에서는 이병률(罹病率)이 가장 낮아 효과적(效果的) 인 개량물질(改良物質)이었고, 다음에 파, 양배추, 들깨대, 밀짚, 보리짚등에서도 이병률(罹病率)이 감소(減少)하였다. 총균수(總菌數)는 파, 콩, 분쇄밀, 옥수수대, 배추등에서 다수(多數)하였고, 반면 밀짚, 마늘뿌리, 양배추, 보리짚 등의 처리구에서는 감소하였다. 세균수(細菌數)는 콩, 양배추, 무우줄기, 파, 분쇄밀처리구에서는 증가(增加)되었으나 보리, 담배뿌리, 인삼대, 밀짚등에서는 감소(減少)하는 경향을 나타냈다. 방선균(放線菌)의 분포(分布)는 콩처리구에서만 증가(增加)하였으나 기타는 대조구(對照區) 보다 감소(減少)하고 담배뿌리와 마늘대에서는 그 수(數)가 감소(減少)되었다. Fusarium spp의 분포수(分布數)는 배추, 파, 무우줄기, 분쇄밀, 고구마줄기 등의 처리구에서는 증가(增加)하고 반대로 밀짚, 인삼잎, 양배추등의 처리구는 대조구(對照區) 보다 감소(減少)하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1277-1284
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• 1999

Eight feeds and their residues left after washing with tap water (water residue) or incubation in the rumen (rumen residues) were treated with hydrochloric acid, neutral detergent solution without EDTA (NDS) or both, and the release or sorption of minerals (Ca, Mg, P, Na, K, Cu and Zn) assessed. Six of the feeds were from Sri Lanka (Panicum maximum ecotype Guinea A, Glyricidia maculate, Artocarpus heterophyllus (jak leaves), untreated and urea-treated rice straw, and rice bran) and two from the Netherlands (maize silage and wheat straw). The initial concentration of mineral elements, the concentration of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and the type of feed significantly influenced (p<0.01). The proportion of the mineral elements released or sorbed. In general, feeds with high NDF content (straws and guinea grass) sorbed Ca from tap water, or released less in the rumen, and within these feeds the extent of sorption varied with source of fibre. Acid or NDS treatment removed little of the sorbed Ca, but they removed much of the Mg from both water and rumen residues. Fibres of wheat straw and jak leaves showed an affinity for Mg in the rumen. All feeds and their water and rumen residues sorbed P and Na from NDS, and the extent of sorption varied with the initial concentrations of these elements and with the type of fibre. Acid treatment removed part of the sorbed Na, but not the P. The solubility of K was not affected by the content of NDF, the type of fibre or the initial concentration of K. All feeds and their residues, except for the rumen residues of rice bran sorbed Cu from tap water and in the rumen. The recovery of Cu in rumen residues declined from 353% to 147% after NDS treatment, and with some feeds (glyricidia and jak leaves) the recovery was below 100%. Acid treatment removed part of the Zn sorbed by the water and rumen residues, but the capacity of residues to retain Zn varied with the type of feed.