• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.102-119
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• 2021

Social credit rating in China (SCRC) has been criticized as "dystopian" and "Orwellian," an attempt by the Communist Party to hold onto power by exerting ever greater control over its citizens. To explain such measures, value differences are often invoked, that Chinese value stability and cooperation over privacy and freedom. However, these explanations are oversimplifications that result in ethical impasses. This article argues social credit rating should be understood in terms of the commonly human problem of large-scale cooperation. To do so, this paper relies on a cultural evolutionary framework and is an exercise in interpretive pros hen ethical pluralism, attempting to understand how apparently irresolvable cultural differences stem from common human concerns. Wholesale condemnation of SCRC fails to acknowledge the serious, intractable nature of problems resulting from a lack of trust in China. They take for granted the existence of institutions ensuring largescale, anonymous cooperation characteristic of - but somewhat unique to - Western Educated Industrialized Rich and Democratic (WEIRD) cultures. Because of its history and rapid development, China lacks the institutions necessary to ensure such cooperation, and because of anti-social punishment, social credit rating might be one of the few ways to ensure cooperation at this scale. The point is not to defend social credit rating in general, but to raise the possibility of its defense in China and show one way this would be done.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.814-820
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• 2009

With the rapid development of China economy, many engineering projects with large scale and investment were constructed in China and some were the biggest ones in the world. With the development of engineering practice, great progress in the research of engineering management of China was made and a large number of research findings were embodied in content of research papers and were represented by technical words. To know the state of arts in the research field of engineering management in China, three major parts, namely title, abstract and keywords of research papers in last five years from three representative Chinese journals about engineering management were chose as research materials. Unlike western languages, there are no delimiters between the words of Chinese, so the maximum matching and frequency statistics (MMFS) method, a text segmentation technique of text mining Chinese, was presented to extract the features consisting of technical words, phrases and words from the research materials. Recent research and developing trend of engineering management in China were found by comparing and analyzing the difference of technical words in the research materials of last five years.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.71-106
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• 2018

The 19th CPC National Congress has a key historical significance in the development of China's constitution. It will also play a decisive role in the history of the seventy years'constitutional change in New China. XiJinping's new socialist thought with Chinese characteristics established in the report of 19th CPC National Congress will be written in the preface of the March 2018 National People's Congress's constitutional amendment. The fifth revision of 1982 Constitution will touch on many issues such as the leadership of the CPC into the constitution, the abolition of the tenure of the president, the constitutional oath system, and the reform of the national supervisory system. In addition, the constitutionality review system, the establishment of the National Security Council, the constitutional status of socialist public property and private property and the adjustment of major economic system has become a hot topic in the theory field. In the history node towards a socialist country ruled by law, the theory and practice of the China indeed have the academic ideas, value position and path model differences, which will delay the Chinese constitutional development, but also is the necessary pain in the process of moving towards the rule of law in China. Indeed, how to the development and where to go in the future of Chinese constitutionalism itself has sample value, which deserves rational attention and in-depth inquiry from Chinese and Western academics.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.891-909
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examines the changes in Chinese women's clothing resulted from the introduction of Western culture in the first hal# of the 20th century in terms of Chinese view of the world and their attitude towards European culture. The clothes are divided into four types according to their characteristics : traditional Chinese type, China-Europe adjustment type, China-Europe blend type and European type. As for the research method, both literature and visual data are examined. The traditional Chinese type showed changes only in the width and length retaining the features of the traditional qipao until the 1910s. The China-Europe adjustment type used the same flat pattern making of traditional Chinese dress while imitating only the appearances of European one-piece, two-piece and three-piece dresses. It also was presented with European accessaries and hair-styles. The China-Europe blend type, starting to appear with the introduction of the three-dimensional pattern making from the Europe in the 1930s, showed a perfect mixture of European and traditional Chinese costumes in the early 1940s when the Chinese learned and adapted the European pattern making. The European type was the most modernized designs using a variety of European-style details and constructions as the traditional clothing started to have unrestricted European-style changes. Great significance can be found in the fact that the Chinese modified their garments by themselves using the pattern mating they learned from the Europe.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.259-282
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• 2022

This article examines features and implications of 'new northeast phenomenon' in China's new normal period. Different from previous studies with economy as a single factor, this paper regards the northeast phenomenon as not an single economic phenomenon but a compound socio economic phenomenon that economic, demographic and financial issues are linked together. This study finds that since 2014 decline of economic growth, deepening of population decline and brain drain, accelerated aging, the increase in fiscal deficit and a surge in social security spending, these phenomena occur simultaneously and influence each other, forming a vicious cycle in northeast China, and also finds that the difficulty of 'new northeast phenomenon' lies in this compound features. If so, what are the implications of 'new northeast phenomenon's' these features for China as a whole? This study proposes two points. First, based on the recent changes in some relevant situations in China, northeast region can be regarded as a microcosm of China, northeast phenomenon is likely to spread to other regions of China in the near future, it will become a common phenomenon all over China. Second, the emergence of the 'new northeast phenomenon' in the new normal period requires deep reflection and rethinking about the fundamental effect of the regional development strategies, such as 'The Development of the Western Region', 'The Rise of Central China', 'The revitalization of the Northeast', implemented since the reform and development. The 'new northeast phenomenon' has become one of the most urgent problems to be solved by the Chinese government, if the solution is successful, it can be a very useful direction for reconstructing regional development strategies in contemporary China.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to identify external form and internal symbolism of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion. Documentary studies and objective studies were done with descriptive, inductive and content analytic methods. In documentary research, concepts about culture, dress as a cultural sub-system, the from of dress, and the gender symbolism of dress were reviewed. In objective research, oriental fashion photographs in $\ulcorner$Vogue$\lrcorner$ during 1969-1989 were selected and analyzed, for the descriptions of samples, the form of dress, the perception of waist parts, the dressing manner. The synthetic results were as followes; 1. There were the geographical and national terms such as east, Orient, China, India, Japan, and so on in the descriptions of samples; and there were the costume terms such as herem, kimono, pyjama or pajama, sarong, and so on in the descriptions of samples. 2. The from of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion was identified with draped type. This can be interpreted that in orient, there was no desire to reveal body figure through dress, therefore, for the long time, sustaining draped type of dress has been. 3. The perception of waist part in oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion was not made. So, it can be interpreted that in orient, there was no desire to distinguish both sexes through the emphasis of waist part in dress. 4. The dressing manners of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion were wearing of trouser and layering mainly, symbolizing the confusion of gender distinction through dress.

• Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.343-354
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• 2018

Auriculotherapy has been extensively used for chronic spontaneous urticaria in China. However, the evidence of its effectiveness and safety for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria is insufficient. Hence, we conducted this study to compare auriculotherapy or auriculotherapy joint treatment with Western medicine for the cure of chronic spontaneous urticaria. This meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials showed that auriculotherapy or auriculotherapy joint treatment was significantly superior to Western medicine in curing clinical signs and symptoms of chronic spontaneous urticaria [odds ration (OR), 2.61; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.54-4.43; p = 0.0004) and also better in total effect rate (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 2.07-7.01; p<0.0001). But, auriculotherapy or auriculotherapy joint treatment was similar to Western medicine in improving clinical signs and symptoms of chronic spontaneous urticaria (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.35-1.56; p = 0.42). Auriculotherapy or auriculotherapy joint treatment was safer than Western medicine for curing chronic spontaneous urticaria (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.09-0.80; p = 0.02). Auriculotherapy alone or auriculotherapy joint treatment appears to be more effective and safer than Western medicine that contains antihistamines in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the unclear risk bias of methodological quality, and further studies with large-scale, better, and more rigorously designed protocol are necessary to prove these findings.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.471-491
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• 2011

This study is to analyze the determinants of inflow FDI with panel data of 12 provinces in western region of China for the period, 1990-2007, from the perspective of market-oriented FDI and production-efficiency-oriented FDI. The empirical findings are following. First, the empirical results prior to the start of western development program show that the GRDP, the intense of industrialization and university graduates per 10,000 residents have positive coefficient signs at the significant level, while wage level has a negative and significant value. Second the empirical results using the data after the launching of the western development program show that the GRDP, the intense of industrialization have positive relations with FDI, while openness in terms of the ratio of international trade to GRDP and the wage level have negative coefficients. Finally, this thesis finds that the empirical results for both periods are very similar, which suggest that the economic structure in western region has not changed significantly even though almost a decade passed since the western development program launched.

• Bangmulgwan gwa yeongu (The National Museum of Korea Journal)
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• v.1
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• pp.198-233
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• 2024

On April 28, 2021, the bereaved family of the late Samsung Group chairman Lee Kun-Hee made a gift of 9,797 items (in 21,693 pieces) from his estate to the National Museum of Korea. Among the donated cultural heritage are 535 mirrors (in 555 pieces), which constitute the largest proportion of the metal art in the donation. This article discusses a group of mirrors from the donated collection dating to the Western Han and Samhan periods - a total of twenty-three mirrors (twenty-two from the Western Han Dynasty and one from the Samhan Period) - that are presumed to have been found together. However, there is no known case of such a large number of Western Han mirrors being discovered together, raising doubts about whether this group should be considered to have been buried all together. Furthermore, the presence of a Samhan mirror among the group suggests that this one at least must have been found together with a Western Han mirror. Additionally, considering that early Samhan mirrors have been found in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula, particularly in the region occupied by Jinhan Confederacy (in present-day Gyeongsangbuk-do Province), it is likely that these mirrors were also excavated somewhere in Jinhan. Also, -18 is a repurposed imitation of a jade eye cover. No similar examples have been found in Korea, China, or Japan, but there are instances of bronze mirrors being used as substitutes for jade burial ornaments that have been identified in China. The repurposing and use of Western Han mirrors as circular ornaments have been observed only in Jinhan in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, indicating that this item was likely used in Jinhan as well. Further research and discoveries are anticipated in the future.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2006

For discovering a new trend of cancer therapy in east and west medicine, we have investigated the journal of integrated traditional chinese and western medicine(ITCWM) from Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2006. The main treatment of cancer therapy in ITCWM was western treatments(chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery etc.). Traditional chinese medicine(TCM) was adjuvant treatments. But, it is said that TCM has some important roles in treating cancer at this journal.