• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.5-32
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• 2003

This paper examines the labor entry of conditional welfare recipients. This paper focuses on two questions. First, what is the percentage of conditional welfare recipients who have labor entry? Second, what are the predictors in the labor entry and the duration to the entry? Using Data about 917 welfare recipients who participated in the self-sufficiency programs of the Offices for Secure Employment in Seoul, this paper attempts to answer the above questions. Logistic regression analysis and survival analysis are adopted to identify variables predicting labor entry of conditional welfare recipients. This paper also utilizes a multiple imputation method to deal with the limitation of data by the missing values in some variables. The major findings are as follows: about 43.8% of the conditional welfare recipients have successful labor entry; and in the labor entry and the duration to the entry, gender, household, information and referral services for employment, health and willingness for self-sufficiency are the predictors that are statistically significant. Among these variables, health and willingness for self-sufficiency are more noticeable; it is recognized that programs to care for health of welfare recipients who want to have the labor entry and counseling programs to strengthen welfare recipients' willingness for labor entry are very important for them to be successful in the labor entry. This paper provides a basic knowledge about realities of the conditional welfare recipients' labor entry, identifies research areas for further research, and develops policy implications for their self-sufficiency.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.9-16
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze local-based social welfare facilities to respond to secular change of the UR rental housing estates in Japan. The selected case studies for the analysis are Hibarigaoka, Hamakousien, Turumai UR rental housing estates constructed around 1960's. The analysis was done through UR website, MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) and MHLW (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) policy report, and related literature. These case studies are connected with housing policy as well as welfare policy and performed to Stable Living Creation Project by Business Entry System for Stable Living. The types of local-based social welfare facilities are classified by welfare corporation and medical corporation. The results are as follows: 1) The implementation of cooperative and participative system not only the private sector (welfare and medical Corporation, etc.) but also the public (MLIT, MHLW, UR Renaissance Agency, Local government, etc.). 2) Repurposed of land through rent and transfer of land for local-based social welfare facilities in the process of housing stock renewal utilization. 3) The pursue of regional revitalization through attached to multi-generation facility or local community space for elderly in local-based social welfare facilities.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.249-274
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• 2010

This study examines a casaul relationship between depression and welfare transitions of the National Basic Likelihood Protection Program. From a social selection perspective, prior high levels of depression are likely to select people into welfare or serve as a barrier to leaving welfare. From a social causation perspective, entering or exiting welfare can change the levels of depression. These hypotheses were tested using KOWEPS(Korean Welfare Panel study) 2005~2007. The results are as follows. First, entering welfare clearly increases the levels of depression. The increased economic stress resulting from falling into poverty seems to play a major role in the negative effect of welfare entry. Second, exiting welfare does not decrease the levels of depression. However, when welfare exits are classified into distinctive categories, welfare exit combined with concurrent poverty exit is likely to decrease the levels of depression. Third, high levels of depression clearly increase the probability of entering welfare regardless of the prior poverty status. Fourth, high levels of depression do not decrease the probability of exiting welfare, but rather increase the probability of an administrative disentitlement which leads to even worse economic conditions after exiting welfare. One implication of these findings is that negative policies such as time limit and strengthening sanctions can increase the number of welfare cyclers who are able-bodied but mentally weak.

• Journal of Local Government Studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-112
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• 2014

The entry of aging society and the coming of (super) aged society need overall the elderly welfare policy and budget for quantitative expansion and qualitative increase to the elderly welfare services. However, financial limit to the elderly welfare and increase to elderly welfare services in local government rely on central government or private sector. This study is discussed the gap between demands and supplies of the elderly welfare services in Busan Metropolitan City and policy implications suggested by these results. The major findings of the study are summarized as follows. First, the rate of the poor elderly under minimum living standard and the elderly housing facilities in demand of the elderly welfare services is reduced, but other measuring indicators are generally increased. Second, a per 10,000 elderly welfare service officials and a per 10,000 elderly medical welfare facilities in supply of the elderly welfare services are generally increased, but other measuring indicators are reduced. The policy implications of the study is to reduce the poor elderly under minimum living standard, to expend the elderly welfare budget, and adequately to supply a variety of the elderly welfare facilities for reduce demand of the elderly welfare services.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.5-29
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of job characteristics of working poor on poverty status, focused on sex differences. The results are as follows. First, there are sex differences in career year, job position and industry for determining poverty entry. And second, career year, job regularity and occupy are different variables for men and women in determining poverty exit. This result says that job characteristics partially affects on poverty status of sex differently. Thus we need to sensitive policy that considers different experiences of men and women working poor as to poverty status mobility.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2016

This study analyzes the welfare services and spatial composition of social welfare centers that represent complex welfare facilities in order to provide basic information for the spatial planning of social welfare centers. We examined 15 social welfare centers built in the 2000s. A literature review and case study were used as research methodology. The findings are as follow. First, services provided at the surveyed facilities overlapped for seniors and the handicapped. Most social welfare centers provided welfare services for seniors, young children, and teenagers. Second, the proportion of common area, program rooms was high for spatial composition. Third, front access by car was most common (used at nine centers) for the design of the access area and used by. Fourth, shared entry and exit was most common (used at 10 centers) for the design of the entrance. Fifth, regarding space combining style, a mixed style was most frequently used (observed at seven centers) where different private areas for different service users were partly mixed on certain floors. Sixth, a corridor type was most common (used at seven centers) for the design of a corridor space where visitors could walk along the corridor to access individual rooms. Based on the findings, we propose spatial composition of social welfare centers to promote mingling and exchanges among users of different generations.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.345-374
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to contribute the improvement of national welfare by presenting of pension welfare business of Korea and Japan. The reason why I take the management of Japan's pension accumulation as the object of comparative study is that the history of pension system of Japan is relatively longer than that of Korea. First of all, National Pension Fund comes into use for public sector, financial sector, and welfare sector, The scale of pension management for welfare sector is 50 small. Therefore, the study for welfare business investment reflecting the intentions of pension entries and pensioners is needs of times. This study defines the concept of welfare investment business and prospects welfare investment business of the future on the basis of Japanese experiences, and then suggests the direction of efficient propulsion of welfare investment business to the reasonable decision-makers. Especially this study redefine the concept of welfare investment business on the basis of pension entry's social benefits which are composed of pension entry's gains and pensioner's gain. Of course, welfare investment business has to be presupposed the stability of pension system and the continuous contribution to national economy. Thus, in order to efficiently perform welfare business, the policy-making for national welfare improvement has to be established after the good of business is set up like the results of this study.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.365-388
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• 2011

By analyzing 1998~2008 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS), this study examines socio-economic characteristics of people who become poor. The study also explores the reason why they are in the state of poverty. To find determinants affecting poverty entrance, discrete-time hazard models are applied. Major findings are as follows. The socio-economic characteristics driving people into poverty are in the middle way of the long-term poor and the non-poor, combining the characteristics of both groups. This implies that many cases of the newly poor tend to enter and exit from poverty repeatedly. Poverty entry rate was at a high level right after the economic crises, then was a downturn and remained fairly stable since 2000. However, the young, the high-educated, and even the professional are on the rise as a new poverty group. The major reason people become poor is temporary job loss. This factor is confirmed again by multi-variate analyses. In building anti-poverty policies, it is important to distinguish the long-term poor from the short-term poor. For the long-term poor, virtually the only affective policy will be income support. On the other hand, a labor-market strategy for jos security will be more effective for the short-term poor. The characteristics and determinants of poverty entry may affect poverty duration and exit in the future. Future research will be needed to investigate the relationship among these factors.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.131-154
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• 2011

This study aimed to find out how to support school adaptation among multicultural family youth from accompanied entry, specifically the children who came to Incheon, Korea to live with new stepfather because of their mother's international marriage. The objective of the study is to seek for counter-measurements against the problems of their high probability of leaving and quitting school. Based on grounded theory in qualitative studies, the study was to analyze various categories and dimensions in school adaptation process among the elementary students. Individual, family, and school related factors were involved in the school adaptation process, positively or negatively. Probing and speculating multi-dimensional aspects of the adapting process, the study paid attention to the followings. First, to extent to which the experiences of school adjustment among the multicultural youths were differentiated from those of other students. Second, how the youths responded to society and other people, directly or indirectly, and modified their actions and attitudes. Third, how we can help the youths out of school maladjustment and toward social integration. In conclusion, policy suggestions are given to assist the struggles of the disadvantaged youth, who are under acculturative stress and adapting problems at the new country.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.459-483
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• 2010

This paper constructs the two-part tax-a combined form of output tax and entrance fee-for polluting oligopolists under endogenous entry. In the presence of external damage that varies exogenously with aggregate output, we show that the two-part tax produces the ex post Pigouvian rule and thus achieves the first-best optimum. We also examine a detailed analysis of the impact of the two-part tax on social welfare and government revenues. Finally, when estimation errors exist in the process of regulation, we identify the incentive conflicts between interest groups and analyze the effects of estimation errors on determining optimal tax. In particular, we show that if the regulator takes care of both welfare loss and revenue gain under the proposed two-part tax, not only over-estimation on the slope of external damage but also under-estimation on the slope of market demand should be taken into the policy consideration.