• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2012

This paper presents a study on the design of a pulling module for silicon ingot and an apparatus of manufacturing silicon single crystal ingot using the same method. The pulling module is conceptually designed by using TRIZ. Czochralski method(CZ) is representative way to manufacture single crystal ingot for wafers. The seed can be broken by high tension which is caused by large weight of a silicon ingot. The solution of this problem has been derived using 6SC(6 steps creativity)TRIZ. The pulling module is actuated by DC motor and rollers. High tension in the seed is removed by the rotate-elevate motion of rollers in the pulling module. A rubber belt is included in the rotate-elevate mechanism for increasing friction between rollers and silicon ingot.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.453-457
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• 1993

Cadmium(II) complexation by a well characterized soil fulvic acid (FA) from the Okchun Metamorphic Belt were studied at pH of 6.0 in 0.1 M $NaClO_4$ using the ultrafiltration technique. The conditional stability constants thus obtained were log K= 3.90${\pm}$0.15 and 3.99${\pm}$0.12 $L{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ at fulvic acid concentrations of 101 and 226 mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$ respectively. When free cadmium ion concentration was measured directly using an ion selective electrode, log K of 4.12${\pm}$0.03 $L{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ was obtained. These results show that fulvic acid forms predominately 1 : 1 complex with $Cd^{2+}$ ions. The maximum binding ability of this polyelectrolyte material was 0.886 mmol Cd/g FA. The average gram formula weight of fulvic acid was estimated to be 1130 daltons.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1997

제주도 북방 함덕연안 잘피밭에 서식하는 실비늘치(Aulichthys japonicus)의 성장과정, 산란시기 및 섭이습성을 조사하였다. 시료의 채집은 1993년 5월부터 1994년 5월까지 소형 beam trawl을 사용하였다. 체장빈도분포조사에서 실비늘치는 3월에 처음 자어가 출현하여 꾸준히 성장을 지속하고 다음해 5월에 이르러 거의 모든 성어가 사라지는 것으로 나타났다. 생식소 중량지수(GWl)와 비만도지수(K) 조사에서 수컷의 생식소 중량지수와 비만도지수는 11월과 1월 사이에 높고 암컷의 경우는 2월과 5월 사이에 높았다. 성비조사에서 산란시기인 2월부터 암컷의 출현이 높아지기 시작하여 3월부터는 거의 전부가 암컷으로 구성되어 있었다. 섭이습성조사에서 출현한 먹이생물중 97%이상이 요각류였으며, 이중 Paracalanus, Oithona, Acartia, Oncaea 및 Harpacticoidae 등 1mm전후의 소형요각류를 주로 섭이하고 있었으나, 주산란기에는 3mm 이상인 Calanus, Euchaeta 및 십각류 유생 등의 섭이율도 높았다. 주간과 야간의 섭이습성의 차이는 크지 않았으며, 주 야간 및 체장증가에 따른 섭이율의 변화는 주간에 평균 1.60, 야간에는 평균 1.90 이었고, 체장증가에 따른 섭이율은 성숙기인 90~120mm에서 높게 나타났다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2022

Background Massive weight loss (MWL) is a very common presentation that you may face as a plastic surgeon. Each patient has his own individual criteria, so, you should work according to a well-organized plan, especially when such cases have concerns about their gluteal area contour that were neglected before by many surgeons. A decision-making strategy was used to give a personalized treatment for targeting gluteal region reshaping of MWL patients. Methods This study considered all patients with MWL subjected to buttock reshaping. There was no randomization in treatment; there was a case-by-case assessment. We analyzed the features of the buttocks, the type of surgery performed, the outcomes, and the complications. Results Fifty two patients were included (41 females and 11 males), ages ranged between 21 and 66 years. Demographic data, preoperative body mass index (BMI), duration of surgery, type of surgery, and postoperative complications were collected. Statistically significant improvements were observed in gluteal ptosis and patient satisfaction grades. Conclusion Aesthetic improvement of the buttocks involves either augmentation or contouring that may be obtained by liposculpture, surgical lifting, or combination. Patients with MWL have high expectations and are often treated with multiple procedures. Thus, an easy strategic approach personalized on each patient to treat multiple adjacent areas in one operation is necessary. Adipose tissue distribution, gluteal skin status, and BMI were the main factors that can forcefully affect our plan to guarantee reduction of unpleasant results and complications and improve patient satisfaction.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2020

Home robot arms require a payload of 2 kg to perform various household tasks; at the same time, they should be operated by low-capacity motors and low-cost speed reducers to ensure reasonable product cost. Furthermore, as robot arms on mobile platforms are battery-driven, their energy efficiency should be very high. To satisfy these requirements, we designed a lightweight counterbalance mechanism (CBM) based on a spring and a wire and developed a home robot arm with five degrees of freedom (DOF) based on this CBM. The CBM compensates for gravitational torques applied to the two pitch joints that are most affected by the robot's weight. The developed counterbalance robot adopts a belt-pulley based parallelogram mechanism for 2-DOF gravity compensation. Experiments using this robot demonstrate that the CBM allows the robot to meet the above-mentioned requirements, even with low-capacity motors and speed reducers.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2006

The main purpose of this study is to derive a regression equation that predicts the individual differences in activity energy expenditure (AEE) using accelerometer during different types of activity. Two subject groups were recruited separately in time: One is a homogeneous group of 94 healthy young adults with age ranged from $20\sim35$ yrs. The other subject group has a broad spectrum of physical characteristics in terms of age and fat ratio. 226 adolescents and adults of age ranged from $12\sim57$ yrs and fat ratio from $4.1\sim39.7%$ were in the second group. The wireless 3-axis accelerometers were developed and carefully fixed at the waist belt level. Simultaneously the total calorie expenditure was measured by gas analyzer. Each subject performed walking and running at speeds of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5 km/hr. A generalized sensor-independent regression equation for AEE was derived. The regression equation was developed fur walking and running. The regression coefficients were predicted as functions of physical factors-age, gender, height, and weight with multivariable regression analysis. The generalized calorie estimation equation predicts AEE with correlation coefficient of 0.96 and the average accuracy of the accumulated calorie was $89.6{\pm}7.9%$.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2002

In this study, vertical acceleration of center of mass was observed along normal gait phases in 9 healthy male volunteers (aged $25.7{\pm}2.18$). The developed wireless accelerometric device was attached on the intervertebral space between L3 and L4 using a semi-elastic waist belt. A three-dimensional motion analysis system, synchronized with the accelerometry, was used for detecting gait phases. There was no significant correlation between the body weight and the acceleration. The first peak curve covered loading response phase. The second downward peak point was matched accurately with the opposite toe-off. In mid-stance and terminal stance, the acceleration curve highly resembled the vertical ground reaction force curve. There was no significant difference in timing between the final upward peak point and the initial contact. Therefore, the developed accelerometry system would be helpful in determining determine temporal gait pattems in patients with gait disorders.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.668-676
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to investigate the satisfaction of working uniform in Nuclear Power Plant and to suggest the improvement of dissatisfaction. 150 workers in control area of Nuclear Power Plant were participated in survey and 30 questionnaires were asked and subjective description was allowed. 65%/35% Poly/Rayon coverall type working uniform was investigated for this survey which had been wearing usually and basically in control area in Nuclear Power Plant. According to the results, respondents were most highly dissatisfied with the wearing convenience aspect of current coverall among any other aspects, like textile and management. In wearing convenience aspects, wrist and ankle opening band system, the design, number and placement of pocket, waist belt design, the width of sleeve and pants, and ADR opening system were dissatisfied and requested for improvement. In textiles aspects, weight, protection from radiation materials, prevention from static electricity, moisture absorption, ventilation and flexibility/elasticity were dissatisfied and requested for improvement. In management aspect, washing uniform and size variation were dissatisfied and requested for improvement. Therefore, for more comfortable human interfaced working uniform, wearing convenience system as well as textile and management system must be compensated and should be newly developed for improving worker comfort, mobility, and productivity.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.530-533
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• 2005

Recently, modern reciprocating air compressors tend to be smaller and lighter. But, as the development of performance, they have many problems for noise and vibration. For this reason, many researches are processing for the reduction of noise and vibration by arranging cylinders with V/W type. Especially, noise and vibration problems of reciprocating air compressor cause a rotating unbalance of crankshaft, so it needs a change of crankshaft parameters appropriately. Hence in this study, we changed crankshaft parameters to solve the rotating unbalance and compared results in order to verify the noise and vibration reduction between new and original air compressor. According to modify a crankshaft parameter, the improvements of noise and vibration were showed results of spectrum measured at selected points of the air compressor crankshaft housing and sound intensity contours measured at a belt left side, table that figure out characteristics of noise. Furthermore, we analyzed objective sound quality metrics with recording data of systems. The results showed that, the new design has improved the level of the first harmonic of vibration displacement, noise and objective sound quality metrics.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 관중혼합처리공법 개발을 위해 혼합토의 공학적 특성 평가에 관한 실내실험(유동성, 단위중량, 일축압축강도 및 블리딩 시험)을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 흐름 및 블리딩 특성은 함수비에 비례하여 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 단위중량과 일축압축강도는 함수비 증가에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 각 주행 장비별 접지압과 혼합토의 지지력을 비교한 결과 벨트 컨베이어, 백호우, 도저 등의 장비가 즉시 진입 가능한 것으로 검토되었다. 결과적으로 고화재를 사용한 관중혼합처리공법에서 적용 가능한 함수비 영역은 80~200%로 평가되었다. 또한, 본 연구 결과로부터 설계 차트를 개발하여 제시하였다.