• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 2013

Lily is an important cut-flower in Korea and world as well due to it's a variety of flower colors and various sizes of flowers. To develop elite lily cultivars, conventional breeding techniques have been used so far. However, an introduction of tissue culture system in mass propagation of bulbs and regeneration of shoots with a high efficiency is prerequisite at this moment. Especially, growth of bulbs and shoots as well as reduction of browning is critical factor to proliferate bulbs with shoots of superior lines or cultivar in lily. For this purpose, we tried to test whether ascorbic acid, citric acid and silver nitrate in medium to facilitate growth of bulbs and shoots as well as reduction of browning of bulb scales in lily. As a result, ascorbic acid and silver nitrate showed no significant differences compared to control plants in the growth of bulbs and shoots. When bulb scales were treated with $150mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ of citric acid, formations of shoots and bulbs showed best result. While, bulb scale treated with $100mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ of citric acid showed the growth of shoot and root as well as increasing of fresh weight compared to other treatments. Regarding the reduction of browning, $150mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ of ascorbic acid showed the best result with the less than 2%. Although more experiments with several commercial varieties are needed in the future to establish mass propagation of bulbs of lily, results obtained in this study are supposed to provide the basic knowledge and contribution in tissue culture system of lily.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2008

The geographical name is an expression of human knowledge about living conditions and a basic tool for understanding about regional cultures and history as a result of spatiotemporal changes. This study aims to understand the historical and regional characteristics by analyzing the frequency and distribution of geographical names of 1:50,000 topographic map in the early 20th century and materializing on electronic cultural atlas. The result of this analysis is as follows. First, the aspect of distributed geographical names on the Korean Peninsula reflects a general trait of the country's natural and human environment included geographical features, population, arable land, the number of counties and villages, and functions of administration and military, etc. Second, through the frequency and weight of their names, the analysis shows not only the change of native names, but also the country's phase of the time by Japanese colonial policies such as exploitation of resources, the construction of railroads, and a desire to control of the border area with Manchuria. In addition, the study identified regional characteristics and differences in environmental perception and preferences, and naming basis and forms by the comparative analysis of each type of geographical names associated with village and ridge such as 'Chi' 'Ryung' 'Duk' 'Hang' 'Pyeong' 'Gok'. In particular, those characteristics were largely affected from environmental difference of each area.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the preferences and needs of typical Korean females adults for food and nutrition information provided by the mass media. Methods: A total of 343 females (77 in their 20s, 85 in their 30s, 88 in their 40s and 93 in their 50s) residing in the Seoul/Gyeonggido area was surveyed on general characteristics, main sources of food and nutrition information and needs for sources and contents of nutrition information. Results: The survey showed that typical Korean females obtained knowledge of food and nutrition mainly through the Internet (30.4%) and broadcasting (29.0%). Typical Korean females were interested in 'dietary management for weight control' (21.9%), 'the prevention and treatment of disease' (20.0%), 'food safety' (16.8%), 'proper dietary habits' (14.6%), 'cookery' (11.8%), 'functional foods' (9.6%), 'restaurant details' (3.5%) and 'life-cycle-specific dietary guideline' (1.6%). Needs for food and nutrition program forms on TV were 'educational programs' (34.3%), 'documentaries' (20.8), 'expert lecture-style' (13.0%), 'entertainment programs' (11.9%), 'expert conversation' (11.4%), 'news-style' (4.6%) and 'public campaign advertisements' (4.0%). On the Internet, 38.6% of the respondents preferred to get information provided by food and nutrition-related institutions (38.6%) while 26.1% preferred webtoons for nutritional information. The favored forms in mobile applications were 'monitoring their diets' (29.5%), 'data-based texts information' (21.4%), 'experts feedback' (20.6%), 'communities' (15.1%) and 'games' (13.1%). The rates of the preference to obtain information from experts such as nutritionists and dietitians and doctorsor dietitian turned reporters increased markedly with older ages. Conclusions: Since the mass media is a main source of food and nutrition information for the general public, the effectiveness and accuracy of the information provided should be enhanced by taking the needs of the public into account. The quality of information should be improved by involving more nutrition experts.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.128-136
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• 2007

As the international-level concern has been focused on the environmental sustainability in recent years, many researches emphasized the needs for methods and techniques that would facilitate sustainability assessment at the various project level interfaces. As part of methods and techniques to facilitate sustainability assessment, this paper provides 'Computerized Waste Management Performance Evaluation Tool' for the purpose of assessing the level of management system in dealing with the onsite construction wastes. This tool applies twenty-three waste management performance factors for the purpose of evaluating the level of waste management performance by scoring those factors which were identified in the previous research. These twenty-three factors are classified into four categories: manpower, material, method, and management based on their characteristics. In order to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of waste management performance, the levels of actions executed in a site by each waste management performance factor were identified and their weight were analyzed throughout the expert interview and survey. Furthermore, an excel-based computerized tool was developed in order to facilitate the evaluation process. If this tool can be developed in more detail and be used as the method to control waste management at a project level for the future, it is expected that this tool can play an important role in the body of knowledge of environmental management in construction industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.267-274
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a practiced aquatic exercise program on the body function of obese women in the community, with knowledge of obesity preceded by obesity management education. The subjects were 20 obese women aged 51 to 79 who participated in the program for 8 weeks among the participants of health program in S healthcare center in D city. The aquatic exercise program, which includes obesity management training, consists of a total of 110 minutes, including twice a week, 20 minutes of obesity management training, and 60 minutes of aquatic exercise program. Obesity management education focuses on physical activity practice and dietary training. The results of this study showed that the aquatic exercise program including the 8 - week obesity management training decreased abdominal circumference, body weight and body mass index (p <.001, p <.001, p <.001),increased grip strength(P <.05), which is an effective program for reducing obesity and improving muscle power. In the follow-up study, it is necessary to increase the number of subjects and to develop the experimental design study with the control group and the participatory obesity management underwater exercise program that the participant directly participates and leads. It also suggests that additional strategies for continuous lifestyle improvement are needed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.867-874
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• 2023

Recently, many problems are occurring in the bee ecosystem due to rapid climate change. The decline in the bee population and changes in the flowering period are having a huge impact on the harvest of bee-keepers. Since it is impossible to continuously observe the beehives in the hive with the naked eye, most people rely on knowledge based on experience about the state of the hive.Therefore, interest is focused on smart beekeeping incorporating IoT technology. In particular, with regard to swarming, which is one of the most important parts of beekeeping, we know empirically that the swarming time can be determined by the sound of the queen bee, but there is no way to systematically analyze this with data.You may think that it can be done by simply recording the sound of the queen bee and analyzing it, but it does not solve various problems such as various noise issues around the hive and the inability to continuously record.In this study, we developed a system that records queen bee sounds in a real-time cloud system and analyzes sound patterns.After receiving real-time analog sound from the hive through multiple channels and converting it to digital, a sound pattern that was continuously output in the queen bee sound frequency band was discovered. By accessing the cloud system, you can monitor sounds around the hive, temperature/humidity inside the hive, weight, and internal movement data.The system developed in this study made it possible to analyze the sound patterns of the queen bee and learn about the situation inside the hive. Through this, it will be possible to predict the swarming period of bees or provide information to control the swarming period.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2009

Numerous studies have presented evidence that global atmospheric carbon dioxide ($CO_{2}$ ) concentration and temperature is increasing every year. Both of the $CO_{2}$ and temperature are important components for photosynthesis activity of plants and thusgrowth and yield. However, little information is available in terms of the reaction of vegetable plants to increased $CO_{2}$ concentration and temperature, and also the reaction to a complex condition of both increased $CO_{2}$ concentration and temperature. The aim of this research was therefore to investigate changes in growth, photosynthetic activity and ultra-cellular structure of leaf tissue of Chinese cabbage. Plants were grown under either of elevated $CO_{2}$ concentration (elevated $CO_{2}$, 2-fold higher than atmospheric $CO_{2}$ ) or elevated temperature (elevated temp, 4$^{\circ}C$ higher than atmospheric temperature), under both of elevated $CO_{2}$ concentration and elevated temperature (elevated temp+$CO_{2}$), and under atmospheric $CO_{2}$ concentration and temperature (control). The treatment of 'elevated temp' negatively affected leaf area, fresh weight, chlorophyll and starch content. However, when the treatment of 'elevated temp' was applied coincidently with the treatment of 'elevated $CO_{2}$', growth and photosynthetic performance of plants were as good as those in the treatment of 'elevated $CO_{2}$', Microscopic study resulted that the highest starch content and density of cells were observed in the leaf tissue grown at the treatment of 'elevated $CO_{2}$', whereas the lowest ones were observed in the leaf tissue grown at the treatment of 'elevated temp'. These results suggest that when Chinese cabbage grows under a high-temperature condition, supplement of $CO_{2}$ would improve the growth and yield. In our knowledge, it is the first time to determine the effect of a complex relationship between the increased $CO_{2}$ concentration and temperature on the growth of Chinese cabbage.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.352-362
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine portion sizes and nutritional quality of foods served to children at Community Child Centers (CCCs), July 2014, in Korea. A survey was administered to foodservice employees working at CCCs. Thirty-nine participants completed the self-administered questionnaire regarding CCCs foodservice practices. In the weight test, fifteen volunteers of demonstrated typical portion sizes for $5^{th}$ grade elementary school students. Nutrition knowledge scores were significantly different between foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class for one year (6.04 out of 10.0 points) and those without experience (4.58 points). Foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class scored significantly higher in performing meal serving practices, e.g., wearing a sanitary cap and apron when serving food, than those without experience. The amount of foods served for children did not meet standard serving sizes; portion sizes of rice, soup, main dish, side dish and kimchi served by foodservice employees were 87.3%, 63.2%, 56.5%, 37.1% and 81.3% of standard serving sizes, respectively. When energy and nutrient intakes from portion sizes were calculated, energy, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and calcium intakes did not meet standards for nutrition control of school meals. However, protein, vitamin C and iron intakes met more than 100.0% of standards. These findings suggest that foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class apply their knowledge to foodservice practices. Although portion sizes can influence energy and nutrient intakes in children, the actual portion sizes served by CCCs foodservice employees were inadequate and did not meet standards for serving size and nutrition. Thus, all CCCs foodservice employees need to receive foodservice education and be provided guidelines regarding portion sizes for children.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.192-217
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• 2008

This paper investigated the perceived criticalities and patterns of Korean Professional Engineer's competency regarding the working activities of automative product development, manufacturing, etc by using questionnaires responded to the survey which were applied to the automotive professors, experts and professional engineers (vocational parties) by e/mail, etc. This research investigated the following questions: First, what are the characteristic patterns, relevancy and perceived criticalities of Korean Professional Engineer's competencies? Second, What are the ranked priority of the Korean Professional Engineers' competencies? Are there any differency for each item, sub group of job, intelectual criterior of the competencies between relevancy and perceived criticalities according to the types of vocational parties, etc.? Accoring to the results; first, Professor group showed highest points among 3 groups per each item of the competencies by vocational parties Second, Chassis design group ranked top position among the 8 sub groups by vocational parties and, third, Problem Solving Knowledge ranked highest points than any others. Korean Professional Engineers are found to be positioned as key members, leaders and managers on surveying market, product planning, designing product & components, developing component parts, establishing shop with production equipment, managing quality control & material handling, organizing relevant meetings, developing human resources by training and learning, to back up finance with law matters, cooperating with concerned parties to achieve organizational goals, and to coordinate projects. etc, identifying ethical issues and business skills in order to survive and win to be competitive in various kinds of the automotive industry battle fields.