• 제목/요약/키워드: weekly monitoring

검색결과 94건 처리시간 0.033초

다소비 수산식품 중 총수은 및 메틸수은 모니터링 (Monitoring Total Mercury and Methylmercury in Commonly Consumed Aquatic Foods)

  • 주현진;노미정;유지헌;장영미;박종석;강명희;김미혜
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.269-276
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    • 2010
  • 국내 유통되는 어류, 연체동물(두족류, 패류), 갑각류, 해조류에서 총 15종, 231건의 수산식품을 수거하여 총수은 및 메틸수은 오염량을 모니터링하고 조사대상 수산식품의 위해도를 평가하였다. 총수은 분석법(총수은분석기 사용)을 검토한 결과, 직선성($R^2$)은 0.999 이상이었고 검출 및 정량한계는 각각 $0.017\;{\mu}g/kg$, $0.051\;{\mu}g/kg$이었으며 표준인증물질 분석에 대한 정확도는 98% 이상이었다. 메틸수은 분석법(GC-ECD 사용)을 검토한 결과, 직선성($R^2$)은 0.990 이상이었고 회수율은 평균 70% 이상이었으며 검출 및 정량한계는 각각 0.003, 0.010 mg/kg이었다. 모니터링 결과, 수산식품 중 총수은 평균(단위: mg/kg)은 고등어 0.088, 갈치 0.061, 조기 0.030, 명태 0.032, 메기 0.059, 가물치 0.110, 오징어 0.030, 낙지 0.026, 꽃게 0.035, 굴 0.009, 바지락 0.011, 홍합 0.008, 미역 0.018, 김 0.007, 다시마 0.019 이었다. 메틸수은 평균(단위: mg/kg)은 고등어 0.034, 갈치 0.016, 조기 0.005, 명태 0.008, 메기 0.023, 가물치 0.045, 오징어 0.011, 낙지 0.009, 꽃게 0.008이었으며 굴, 바지락, 홍합, 미역, 김, 다시마에서는 검출되지 않았다. 본 연구에서 조사된 수산식품별 총수은 및 메틸수은의 오염량 평균과 국민건강영양조사의 일일식품섭취량을 근거로 하여 15종의 수산식품에서 섭취되는 총수은과 메틸수은의 총 주간추정섭취량(total estimated weekly intake)을 각각 산출하였다. 이를 JECFA의 PTWI(총수은: $5\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w./week, 메틸수은: $1.6\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w./week)와 비교했을 때 각각 3.57, 3.34% 수준으로서, 15종의 수산식품 섭취에 의한 수은 노출량은 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 수은 섭취에 주로 기여하는 식품군이 수산식품이며 조사대상 수산식품 15종의 섭취량은 전체 수산식품 섭취량에서 높은 비중을 차지하는 것을 고려하였을 때 수은 오염에 대한 국내 유통 수산식품의 위해도는 낮은 것으로 판단된다.

서울시 유통 다랑어류, 새치류 및 심해성 어류의 총수은 및 메틸수은 축적에 대한 고찰 (A Study on Total Mercury and Methylmercury in Commercial Tuna, Billfish, and Deep-sea Fish in Seoul Metropolitan City)

  • 김진아;육동현;박영애;최희진;김연천;김무상
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.376-381
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    • 2013
  • 서울시에서 유통 중인 다랑어류, 새치류 및 심해성 어류의 총 수은 및 메틸수은 축적량의 현황 파악과 사후 관리의 자료로써 모니터링을 실시하였다. 소비 패턴에 따라서 시장의 진입이 이루어지는 관계로 다양한 어종의 채취보다는 비교적으로 많이 판매, 소비되는 품목 즉 상어류, 다랑어류, 새치류, 비막치어 136건을 대상으로 총수은 및 메틸수은의 축적량을 조사하였다. 총수은 분석에 사용된 DMA-80에 대하여 CRM 인증값의 98.8% 회수, 검량선 결정계수($R^2$) 0.9998 이상, 0.003, $0.01{\mu}g/kg$의 검출한계와 정량한계를 파악함으로써 기기적 정확성 및 재현성을 확보하였다. GC-${\mu}ECD$를 사용한 메틸수은 분석법은 79.7%-103.1%의 양호한 회수율과 0.9997 이상의 높은 검량선 결정계수($R^2$)를 확보하였으며, 검출한계는 0.006 mg/kg, 정량한계는 0.018 mg/kg의 결과를 보였다. 네 종류의 어종은 통계적 분석에 의해 총수은 및 메틸수은 축적량에 차이가 있는 것이 확인되었으며, 각 어종의 총수은 및 메틸수은 평균량(mg/kg)은 상어류 $1.20{\pm}0.70$, $0.95{\pm}0.51$, 새치류 $0.99{\pm}0.72$, $0.51{\pm}0.40$, 다랑어류 $0.32{\pm}0.31$, $0.20{\pm}0.20$, 비막치어(메로) $0.43{\pm}0.48$, $0.20{\pm}0.17$로 분석되었으며, 과거에 비해 상어류와 새치류에서의 축적량이 많이 증가된 것을 알 수 있었다. 분석된 메틸수은 수치들과 JECFA의 PTWI값과의 비교 검토값은 상어류 0.00-0.24%, 새치류 0.075-1.813%, 다랑어류 0.025-1.338%로서, 일일섭취량이 설정되어있지 않은 비막치어를 뺀 나머지 세 종류 어종의 합계는 0.1-5.551%였다. 이 결과만을 평가해 본다면, 다랑어류, 새치류, 심해성 어류의 섭취로 인한 메틸수은에 대한 노출량은 아직 안전한 수준이라고 할 수 있다. 하지만 본 연구에서 확인한 바와 같이, 시간이 경과함에 따라 축적량이 증가하고 있는 현상을 감안하고, 또한 여러 경로로 메틸수은에 노출되는 점을 종합적으로 분석한다면 좀 더 정확한 노출과 안전성 평가가 이루어질 것이라 생각한다.

광릉 숲 나비류의 생활주기 변화분석 및 문제점 (Analysis on Changes, and Problems in Phonology of Butterflies in Gwangneung Forest)

  • 권태성;변봉규;강승호;김성수;이봉우;김영걸
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.209-216
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    • 2008
  • 지구온난화로 인한 나비 생활주기 변화를 파악하기 위해 광릉 숲에서 1958년과 2004년에 주별로 조사한 나비모니터링 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 1958년에 비해 2004년에 나비류의 최초 출현시기와 평균 출현시기가 빨라졌는지, 출현기간이 길어졌는지를 검토하였다. 최초발생시기와 발생기간에서는 차이가 나타나지 않았고, 평균 출현시기에서는 느려진 종들이 오히려 많았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지구온난화로 예상되는 나비류 생활주기의 변화를 확인할 수 없었다. 기온 증가에도 불구하고, 예견되는 생활주기 변화가 나타나지 않은 원인을 검토하였다. 아울러 국내의 나비를 지구온난화 지표로 적절하게 활용하기 위해, 현재 나비상 연구에 있어서 문제점과 해결책을 검토하였다.

오존농도의 動態 및 影響因子에 關한 硏究 (Studies on the Behaviour of Ozone Concentration and the Influencing Factors)

  • 金旻永;姜熙坤;李完宗;李相七;張鳳勳;朴聖培
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.55-71
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    • 1989
  • This study was carried out to determine the ozone concentration to behaviour and the factors to be influenced the variation of its concentration in the ambient air in Seoul. Measurements of ozone concentrations were made at 10 monitoring station to take care of SIHE (Seoul Institute of Health & Environment) during December 1987 to November 1988, also measured the hourly average concentration of sulfur dioxide, total suspended particulate, nitrogen oxide $(NO & NO_2)$, carbon monoxide, hydro carbon $(n-CH_4 & THC)$ and meteorological factors, that is, temperature, humidity, wind velocity wind direction and ultraviolet intensity etc, for the same period at same place. The basis of the data obtained were analyzed statistically along with the various data. The results were as follows; 1. The annually arithmetic mean concentration of ozone for the 10 sites during one years was 10.0 ppb and ranged from 3.1 $\pm$ 4.5ppb at the Kuro industrial complex to 17.2 $\pm$ 18.7 ppb at the Ssangmun site. 2. The frequency of hours on which oxidant concentrations exceeded the present short term standard of ozone (100 ppb) were 78 times. 3. The diurnal patterns of hourly ozone concentrations in Seoul area was a typical bi-modal variation which have 4 to 5 a.m. peak and 3. to 4 p.m peak. 4. The time ozone of highest ozone concentration in a whole day and hight was 1 to 5 p.m and 90.9 percent of appearence rate. 5. The diurnal patterns of hourly ozone concentrations in Seoul were on the whole the order of daytime from 5.8ppb to 28.7 ppb evening from 1.7 to 18.7 ppb night time from 1.9 to 9.3 ppb daybreak from 1.4ppb according to measuring sites, and the highest that observed at the Ssangmun area while the lowest was the Kuro industrial complex monitor sites. 6. The weekly variation of ozone concentration was the higher level ozone concentration in the day of the week occured sunday-monday and weekend but the decrease were observed from wednesday to thursday.

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대도시 교통밀집지역 도로변 대기 중 휘발성유기화합물의 농도분포 특성 (Characteristics of Atmospheric Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds at a Heavy-Traffic Site in a Large Urban Area)

  • 백성옥;김미현;박상곤
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.113-126
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the temporal (daily, weekly, and seasonal) variations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentrations at a road-side site in a heavy-traffic central area of Metropolitan Taegu. Ambient air sampling was undertaken continuously for 14 consecutive days in each of four seasons from the spring of 1999 to the winter of 2000. The VOC samples were collected using adsorbent tubes, and were determined by thermal desorption coupled with GC/MS analysis. A total of 10 aromatic VOCs of environmental concern were determined, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p-xylenes, styrene, o-xylene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and naphthalene. Among 10 target VOCs, the most abundant compounds appeared to be toluene (1.5 ∼ 102 ppb) and xylenes (0.1 ∼ 114 ppb), while benzene levels were in the range of 0.3 ∼6 ppb. It was found that the general trends of VOC levels were significantly dependent on traffic conditions at the sampling site since VOC concentrations were at their maximum during rush hours (AM 7∼9 and PM 7 ∼9). However, some VOCs such as toluene, xylenes, and ethylbenzene were likely to be affected by a number of unknown sources other than vehicle exhaust, being attributed to the use of paints, and/or the evaporation of solvents used nearby the sampling site. In some instances, extremely high concentrations were found for these compounds, which can not be explained solely by the impact of vehicle exhaust. The results of this study may be useful for estimating the relative importance of different emission sources in large urban areas. Finally, it was suggested that the median value might be more desirable than the arithmetic mean as a representative value for the VOC data group, since the cumulative probability distribution (n=658) does not follow the normal distribution pattern.

행동수정프로그램과 에어로빅운동이 비만여중생의 비만도, 식이행동, 우울 및 자아존중감에 미치는 효과 (Effects of Behavior Modification and Aerobic Exercise on the Degree of Obesity, Eating Behavior, Depression and Self Esteem in Obese Adolescent Girls)

  • 정승교
    • 기본간호학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.103-117
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    • 1997
  • This study was designed to investigate the effects of behavior medication and aerobic exercise on the degree of obesity, eating behavior, depression and self esteem among adolescent girls who were overweight and obese. Forty seven subjects were selected from one girl's middle school located in Seoul. Seventeen girls received the behavior modification program by joining 60-90 minute group session weekly. Behavior modification, in this study, consisted of self-monitoring, changing patterns of life style and attitudes, teaching nutrition and physical activities, and asking personal help. The aerobic exercise program was given to 16 girls 3 times per week with 60 minutes each time. Forteen girls received both behavior modification and aerobic exercise. These interventions continued for 8 weeks. Changes after intervention were examined twice after 4 weeks and 8 weeks for degree of obesity and once after 8 weeks only for eating behavior, depression and self esteem. The results were as follows ; 1. Degree of obesity was significantly decreased after 4 weeks and 8 weeks in 3 groups. Degree of obesity after 4 weeks and 8 weeks were not significantly different among 3 groups. 2. The mean score of eating behavior related to obesity decresed significantly after intervention in the behavior modification group only. There was significant difference in eating behavior among 3 groups after intervention. 3. The behavior modification group showed no significant changes in depression and self esteem after intervention. In the aerobic exercise group and group who participated in both behavior modification and aerobic exercise, the level of depression decreased significantly and the level of self esteem increased significantly. There were no significant differences in the level of depression and self esteem among 3 groups after intervention. These findings indicate that behavior modification might be effective in decreasing degree of obesity and eating behavior related to obesity, aerobic exercise be effective in decreasing degree of obesity and the level of depression, and also in increasing the level of self esteem.

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대관령 지역의 산림 소유역과 농경지 소유역의 수질 비교 (Comparison of Water Quality between Forested and Agricultural Subcatchments in Daegwallyong Area)

  • 신영규
    • 대한지리학회지
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.544-561
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구에서는 대관령 지역의 산림 및 농경지 소유역을 대상으로 주 1회의 유량 및 수질 조사를 실시하고 유량 및 수질 항목간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 산림 소유역의 수질 변화는 적었던 반면 농경지 소유역에서는 화학비료 및 가축분 퇴비의 시용과 토양 유실로 인해 큰 폭의 수질 변화를 보였다. 용존산소량(DO)은 두 소유역에서 유량보다는 수온과 매우 뚜렷한 음의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 산림 소유역에서는 농경지 소유역에 비해 유량과 총질소(T-N) 및 $K^{+}$의 양의 상관관계가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 반면, 농경지 소유역에서는 부유물질 총량(TSS), 총인(T-P) 및 화학적 산소요구량(COD)이 유량과 높은 상관성을 보였다. 대관령 지역에서는 도암호의 수질 오염, 특히 T-P의 증가가 심각하다는 점에 비추어 볼 때 수질 개선을 위해서는 농경지의 토양 유실 방지가 매우 중요하다. 특히 고랭지 채소 파종기에 해당하는 6월말에서 7월초에 이르는 기간의 토양 및 양분유실이 가장 심각한 것으로 나타나 이를 줄이기 위한 친환경농법 도입이 요구된다.

A Pilot Study of APN-led Self-management Program to Improve Cardiovascular Health Status among Korean Women with Risk Factors

  • Shin, Nah-Mee;Yoon, Ji-Won;Choi, Jiwon;Park, Younghee;Jeon, Songi
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.237-245
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an Advanced Practice Nurse (APN)-led self-management program on cardiovascular health status among Korean women at risk of developing or progressing cardiovascular disease. Methods: This pilot study used one-group pre- and post- test experimental design. At health fairs in a community, 30 women who had one or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome were recruited and agreed to participate in the study. A total of 25 women completed the study. The intervention consisted of weekly follow-up calls and self-monitoring diary after an hour of individual counseling regarding risk factors, fast walking, and healthy diet tailored to the participants' needs. Physical activity was assessed with the World Health Organization International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a pedometer. Results: Participants showed statistically significant improvements in blood pressure, body mass index, levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein, numbers of metabolic syndrome factors, and the 10-year CV risk estimate after one month of concentrated intervention. In addition, their physical activity behavior significantly improved after the intervention. Conclusion: This APN-led self-management program targeting modifiable risk factors by offering tailored counseling and concentrated support during the transition might be effective in preventing progression to the cardiovascular disease.

Neutrophil Functions and Cytokines Expression Profile in Buffaloes with Impending Postpartum Reproductive Disorders

  • Patra, Manas Kumar;Kumar, Harendra;Nandi, Sukdeb
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제26권10호
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    • pp.1406-1415
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    • 2013
  • The study was conducted to correlate the periparturient immune status in terms of neutrophil functions and cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture with impending postpartum reproductive disorders in buffaloes. Forty pregnant buffaloes were observed for occurrence of postpartum reproductive disorders (PRD), i.e., metritis, endometritis and delayed uterine involution etc., during one week prepartum to four weeks postpartum period. A representative number (n = 6) of buffaloes that did not develop any PRD were included in group I (healthy, control), while the animals which experienced PRD were assigned into group II (PRD, n = 8). The blood samples were collected at weekly interval from one week prepartum to four weeks postpartum period considering the day of calving as 'd 0'. Differential leucocytes counts, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production activity in isolated neutrophils and the mRNA expression profile of cytokines i.e., IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-${\gamma}$ in PBMC culture were studied in all the samples. A higher total leucocytes, neutrophil and band cells count along with impaired neutrophil functions i.e., lowered level of production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide before parturition and during early postpartum period were observed in buffaloes developing PRD. Further, a lower expression of IL-2, IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-4 mRNA in PBMC culture was observed at calving in buffaloes that subsequently developed PRD at later postpartum. Thus, suppression in neutrophil function and cytokine expression at prepartum to early postpartum period predisposes the buffaloes to develop postpartum reproductive disorders. Hence, monitoring of neutrophils function and cytokine expression profile would be effective to predict certain reproductive disorders at late pregnancy or immediately after parturition in buffaloes. In future, this may be a novel approach for determining suitable management and therapeutic decisions for prevention of commonly occurring reproductive disorders in farm animals.

슬관절염 비만노인을 위한 IMB 모델 기반 신체활동 증진 프로그램의 효과 (Effect of a Physical Activity Promoting Program Based on the IMB Model on Obese-Metabolic Health Outcomes among Obese Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis)

  • 김정숙;김춘자
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.271-285
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: This study examined the effects of a physical activity promoting program based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model on physical activity and health outcomes among obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This study utilized a randomized controlled trial with a convenience sample of 75 obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis in a university hospital. The older adults in the intervention group participated in a 12-week program involving weekly group sessions and monitoring calls with education booklets and video clips for exercise dances, while those in the control group received an usual care. Outcomes were measured using self-report questionnaires, anthropometrics, and blood analyses. The intervention effects were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and ANCOVA. Results: The mean age of participants was 74.9 years with 84.0% women. The intervention group at 12 weeks showed significantly greater improvements in self-efficacy for physical activity (F=81.92, p<.001), physical activity amounts (Z=-2.21, p=.044), knee joint function (F=15.88, p<.001), and health-related quality of life (F=14.89, p<.001) compared to the control group. Among obese-metabolic outcomes, the intervention group at 12 weeks showed a significant decrease in visceral fat mass (F=7.57, p=.008) and improvement in high-density level cholesterol (F=9.51, p=.003) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Study findings support the need for an IMB based physical activity program for promoting physical activity, knee function and health outcomes in obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the persistence of obese-metabolic effects in clinical settings.