• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.456-463
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of granular type of silicate fertilizer on watermelon growth, yield, and characteristics of soil in the greenhouse. Four different levels of silicate fertilizer, 0(control), 600, 1,200, $1,800kg\;ha^{-1}$ were applied for experiment. The silicate fertilizer was applied as a basal fertilization before transplanting watermelon. Compost and basal fertilizers were applied based on the standard fertilizer recommendation rate with soil testing. All of the recommended $P_2O_5$ and 50% of N and $K_2O$ were applied as a basal fertilization. The N and $K_2O$ as additional fertilization was split-applied twice by fertigation method. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) cultivar was 'Sam-Bok-KKuol and main stem was from rootstock (bottle gourd: Lagenaria leucantha Standl.) 'Bul-Ro-Jang-Sang'. The watermelon was transplanted on April, 15. Soil chemical properties, such as soil pH, EC, available phosphate and exchangeable K, Mg, and available $SiO_2$ levels increased compared to the control, while EC was similar and the concentrations of soil organic matter decreased. Physical properties of soils, such as soil bulk density and porosity were not different among treatments. The growth characteristics of watermelon, such as stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of watermelon at harvest were thicker and heavier for silicate treatment than the control, while number of node was shorter than the control. Merchantable watermelon increased by 3-5% compared to the control and sugar content was 0.4 to $0.7^{\circ}Brix$ higher than the control. These results suggest that silicate fertilizer application in the greenhouse can improve some chemical properties of soils and watermelon stem diameter and dry weight, which are contributed to watermelon quality and marketable watermelon production.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2010

본 연구는 생과 이외에는 상품성을 기대하기 어려운 수박을 이용하여 수박와인을 개발하고자 하였다. 발효 48일째 수박와인의 pH는 2.8~3.4, 총산 함량은 0.51~0.59%, 당도는 $5{\sim}6^{\circ}brix$까지 감소하였으며, 알콜함량은 9.5~10.5%로 증가하였다. 알콜생성량이 가장 높은 조건은 $20^{\circ}C$와 $25^{\circ}C$이었으며, 두 온도간에는 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 수박와인은 citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid가 검출되었으며, 주요 유기산은 citric acid인 것으로 확인되었다. 당은 glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose 순으로 검출되었으며, 발효에 가장 많이 이용된 당은 fructose와 glucose이었다. 수박와인의 전자공여능은 40%(v/v) 농도에서 86% 이상의 높은 활성을 나타내었다. SOD 유사활성은 100%(v/v) 농도에서 수박과즙, 수박와인 순으로 각각 55.2%, 49.2%이었다. 아질산염 소거능은 100%(v/v) 농도에서 수박과즙과 수박와인은 각각 70.2%, 53.2%의 소거능을 보였다. 수박와인 보다 수박과즙이 더 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, 발효 후에 기능성이 증가하지는 않았지만 비슷한 수준으로 유지됨을 볼 수 있었다. 관능평가에서 전체적인 밸런스는 4.15로 보통 이상으로 평가되어 수박을 이용한 발효주의 산업 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

The objectives of the study were to analyze the acoustic characteristics related to the internal quality factors of watermelon(Citrulus Vulgaris Schrad). Among the various internal quality factors, only four factors such as ripeness, inside cavity, yellow belt and blood flesh were considered in this study. Relationships between the internal quality factors, the day after fruit set and the day after harvest were also investigated. Test apparatus was the same as the apparatus described in the previous study(Choi et at., 2000). The selected sample was divided into four groups; 69 samples used for ripeness tests 56 samples for ripeness test along the day after fruit set and for yellow belt detection, 60 samples for ripeness along the day after harvest 44 samples fur blood flesh detection. It was shown that the first peak frequencies shifted to the lower range and the energy ratios of the bandwidths between 0∼550 Hz to the bandwidths between 850∼2500 Hz increased as the day after fruit set elapsed. Since the acoustic responses of the watermelon such as frequency and magnitude began to change from 10 days after harvest, the storage period of watermelon in a normal temperature condition seemed to be approximately 10 days after harvest. The ratios of the first peak amplitude to the maximum peak amplitude fur the sound watermelon showed the higher value than that fur watermelon with cavity inside, and the separation between the sound and cavity inside could be accomplished by the ratio value of 0.25. The energy ratios (0∼550 Hz/850∼2,500 Hz) for the watermelon with cavity inside showed the higher value than 2.3. The frequency characteristics of the yellow belt watermelon appeared mostly in the range of 600∼900 Hz frequencies. The yellow belt watermelon showing the energy spectral density function at this frequency range to be over 70 seemed to be not a marketable commodity, The energy ratios(0∼550 Hz/850∼2,500 Hz) for the blood flesh watermelon showed the higher value than 3.5.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2021

Fruits with antioxidant enrichment can be an economically affordable supplement for mitigating oxidative damage prone spermatozoa membrane pathologies. Computer-assisted sperm analyzer and oxidative status were utilized to evaluate the impact of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fortification of dextrose saline as diluent for rooster semen and fertility response of hens inseminated. Watermelon juice and dextrose saline were used to formulate diluent of 7 treatments consisting of unextended semen (positive control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and only dextrose saline (negative control) designated as Treatments 1-7. Pooled semen was obtained from fertile roosters and equilibrated with diluents at ratio 1:2 in the various treatments and were evaluated using computer software coupled microscope and seminal oxidative status assay. 168 laying hens randomly divided into 7 treatment of 8 replicates and 3 hen per replicate. Hen were everted, and semen (2 × 108 Spermatozoa) deposited intra-vagina and eggs collected over 8 weeks to assess fertility and hatchability of eggs laid. The result obtained revealed that watermelon-dextrose saline rooster semen diluent enhanced progressive motility, sperm kinetics and lowered non-progressive motility in T2-T6 compared to T7 over the 3 hours of evaluation. Watermelon addition to rooster semen diluent enhance the antioxidant capacity of rooster semen and lowered lipid peroxide generation. The percentage fertility was highest in T3 (81.01%) and T4 (81.24%) with lowest value obtained in T7 (73.46%). The hatchability of eggs set of hens inseminated with undiluted semen (71.46%) was lower than values for hens inseminated with watermelon inclusive extended semen (75.71%-80.39%). The optimal inclusion of 30%-40% watermelon in dextrose saline diluent enhance rooster semen kinetics, seminal oxidative stability and egg fertility.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.98-99
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• 1995

A disease causing fruit rot and leaf and vine blight on watermelon was found in Euseong in July, 1991 and in Bonghwa, Kyungpook province in August, 1993. Abundant zoosporangia characteristics of Phytophthora capsici were formed on the surface of the infected fruits. The zoosporangia were ovoid to ellipsoid, tapering to the base and with conspicuous papilla. The fungus isolated from the infected fruits was pathogenic on seedlings of watermelon, pumpkin, and pepper. The morphological characteristics and host range agreed with those of P. capsici. The watermelon disease caused by P. capsici was reported long time ago in Japan and America but rot yet in Korea. Thus, the disease on watermelon caused by P. capsici is reported as a new record in Korea.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

수박의 맛을 평가하는 다양한 방식이 있으나, 기존의 방법들은 주관적 방식, 평가 비용, 대상의 손상 등과 같은 평가 방식의 한계점이 있다. 최근에는 이러한 단점들을 해소하기 위해 소리를 이용하여 수박을 평가하는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수박을 두드렸을 때 나는 반향 소리를 AI기반의 기계 학습을 이용하여 수박의 당도를 예측하는 모델을 개발 하였다. 수박의 당도가 높을수록 높은 주파수 성분이 특이점으로 나타나며, 따라서 반향소리 시간-주파수 특이점에 기반 하여 기계 학습 방법을 개발하였다. 2개의 수박 당도별 그룹을 구분 시에 83.2%, 3개의 그룹을 구분시에 59.6%의 정확도로 당도를 예측 할 수 있었다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2014

우리나라 수박 재배지에서 발생하고 있는 흰가루병 방제를 위한 아인산칼륨-살균제 교차방제체계를 개발하였다. 2010년 시험에서는, 우리나라에서 수박 흰가루병 방제를 위하여 등록되어 합법적으로 사용 가능하며, 농가에서 사용중인 6종류의 살균제를 이용하여 9가지 처리조합을 구성하여 시험하였다. 그 결과 클로로탈로닐(Chl)-마이클로뷰타닐(My)-페나리몰(Fen)-헥사코나졸(Hex)의 처리가 가장 효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, My, Fen, Hex의 작용 기작이 동일하다는 문제점이 있었다. 따라서 2년차 시험에서는 처리조합을 개선하고 농약사용을 줄이기 위하여 이들 살균제 외에 작용기작이 다르면서도 친환경적인 약제인 아인산칼륨을 이용하여 살균제-아인산칼륨 교차 살포 조합을 선발하기 위한 포장시험을 수행하였다. 10간격처리에서, Chl-My-Fen-P는 31.8%의 방제효과를 나타낸 반면, Chl-My-Fen-P는 75.6%의 비교적 높은 방제효과를 나타냈다. 방제효과를 개선하기 위하여 3년차 시험에서는 살균제와 아인산칼륨을 7일 간격으로 살포하였다. Chl-My-Fen-Hex가 가장 높은 89.6%의 방제효과를 나타냈으나, 65.9%의 방제효과를 나타낸Chl-My-Fen-P와 달리 P-My-Fen-Hex 또한 83.5%의 비교적 높은 방제효과를 나타냄으로써, 수박 흰가루병 방제를 위하여 Chl-My-Fen-Hex의 방제체계는 P-My-Fen-Hex로 대체할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

The socio-network activities for regional governments, agricultural research institutes, developing agencies and policy makers of any countries are very crucial and important to take into account the root cause of current problems faced by farmers. The survey was conducted in South Korea during the period January, 2008 to August, 2012 in order to shed light on prevalence of different diseases on watermelon in different regions and to better understand farmers' knowledge and perceptions for following watemelon's growing procedures and practices. A total of 590 cases were reported on 573 watermelon growers with highest 87.1% in Jeonbuk, 4.7% in Jeonnam, and 8.2% in other regions such as Gyeongbuk, Gyeongnam, Chungnam, Gwangju, Gyeonggi, Daegu, Gangwon, Changwon and Seoul. The maximum percentages of cases recorded were related to diseases and insect pest (38.6%) followed by physiological disorder (29.7%), cultural practices (18.8%), soil and fertilizer (9.0%), herbicide (2.9%) and others (1.0%). It was observed that the manifestation aspects of the diseases were changed due to increasing in proportion of 'in-facility' cultivation to 12,995 ha compared to 'open-field' cultivation (2,722 ha). The present survey revealed the necessity to reduce the damages incurred at watermelon farms as soon as possible through the breeding program to develop resistant cultivar, use of pathogen-free propagating plants, and efficient prevention of pathogen by regular monitoring of watermelon plants at farms.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2005

We isolated the Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus(CGMMV) particles from watermelon leaves and designated as CGMMV-HY1 as a watermelon isolate and attempted to characterize the pathogenic isolate responsible for such an epidemic in watermelon and also to monitor dominant viral isolates in greenhouse. The watermelon plants infected with CGMMV generally showed mottle mosaic, mosaic, growth stunting, necrosis and deformed fruit. The reactions of indicator plants to CGMMV-HY1 were the local lesions on Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, and Chenopodium amaranticola, and the mosaic symptoms only on Cucumis sativus, but the CGMMV-HY1 did not infect Nicotiana sylvesytis, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium quinoa, and Petunia hybrida. Purified virus particles were rod-shaped and about 300 nm long. The coat protein (CP) of purified CGMMV-HY1 was single band with molecular weight of about 16.5 kDa which was confirmed by western blot analysis probed with monoclonal antibody of CGMMV-HY1. The genomic and subgenomic RNAs of 6.4 kb and 0.75 kb were revealed by the electrophoresis on 1.2% formaldehydedenatured agarose gel. Viral and complementary CGMMV-specific primer sets were designed for spanning the genome using previously reported CGMMV sequences. A 464bp of CP gene of CGMMV-HY1 was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into PGEM-T easy vector. The nucleotide sequence of CP gene of CGMMV-HY1 shared 98%, 99%, and 100% identities with that of CGMMV strains W, KOM, and KW respectively. Based on these results, we identified CGMMV-HY1 as a CGMMV isolate of watermelon, a member of Tobamovirus.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1705-1710
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of soil microbial agent with red ginseng marc on growth of watermelon during 5 months. The three treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with four replicates per plot. After 1 week in planting dates, the growth of watermelon (full length, stem thichness, leaf length and lead width) showed no significant difference in all treatments. During elongation stage (20 days), soil microbial agent with red ginseng marc was increased by 5% in leaf thickness (May 23) and 7~14% in leaf length (May 16 and 23) when compared to other treatments. For changes in fruit bearing thickness, there were no differences among treatments. Characteristics of watermelon in harvest season have an effect on harvest and length, stalk length, naval length, weight, sugar content and yield, except for harvest and width. In particular, yields increased with treatments with two soil microbial agent (7~12%), indicating that soil microbial agent with red ginseng marc showed higher yield than the other treatments. In conclusion, red ginseng marc-treated soil microbial agents have a positive effect on the harvest season of watermelon and can provide useful information for the selection of the functional microbial properties and the registration of microbial fertilizer.