• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.850-860
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• 2017

Orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction is usually performed to correct bialveolar protrusion. These methods require the use of stiff rectangular working archwire which requires lengthy alignment and leveling before insertion. In this case report, interproximal reproximation was performed instead of extraction. To establish clearance between the archwire and resin domes fixing the archwire, an archwire was inserted into a water-soluble tube before fabricating resin domes. This tube is solved away by the saliva. During fabrication of resin domes, the archwire was deflected intentionally reflecting the displacement of teeth from their ideal position. This can be called as deflection-based bonding (DBB) technique. DBB is different from conventional method of positioning the brackets on its ideal position and then inserting an archwire to align the brackets. Because the orthodontic force of the archwire comes from its deflection from passive configuration, deflecting an archwire as needed can move the teeth more predictably than just bonding brackets on its ideal position. Also, areas with good alignment before orthodontic treatment can be maintained simply by not deflecting the archwire during bonding in these areas. After initial alignment, interproximal reproximation was performed to create 4.8 mm space in the maxillary arch and 4.2 mm space in the mandibular arch. These spaces were closed using orthodontic mini-implant anchorage thus retracting the maxillary incisors 4 mm posteriorly accompanied with 0.7 mm and 0.3 mm distal movement of right and left molars. By using interproximal reproximation and water-soluble tube with DBB, mild bialveolar protrusion was successfully treated without extraction.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.106-118
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• 2004

Antigenotoxicity test (SOS chromotest), antimutagenecity test (Ames test), and antioxidant test (NBT method and xanthine-xanthine oxidase method) were carried out using water-soluble and methanolic extracts from Puerariae Flos. Against the mutagens MNNG and NQO, antigenotoxic activity of methanolic extracts were much more effective than that of water-soluble ones. When the methanolic extract was added to the certain concentration $(100{\mu}{\ell}/tube)$, antigenotoxic acivity against the mutagen MNNG was enhanced. Contrary to the water-soluble extract, the methanolic extract showed high antigenotoxicity against the mutagen NQO with increment of the extract. Against the mutagen MNNG with Ames test, antimutagenic activity of the methanolic extract at $300{\mu}{\ell}/tube$ was 96% as an inhibition ratio of revertant forming CFU/plate. The antioxidant activity of water-soluble extract was comparatively higher than that of the methanolic one.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.197-212
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• 2003

Antigenotoxicity test (SOS chromotest) and antimutagenecity test (Ames test) were carried out using water-soluble and methanolic extracts from Dianthi Herba. Antigenotoxic activity of methanolic extract against mutagens both MNNG and NQO was much more effective than that of water-soluble one. When the extract was added to the certain concentration $(100\;{\mu}l/tube)$, antigenotoxic activities against both mutagens were enhanced. Against the mutagen MNNG with Ames test, antimutagenic activity of the methanolic extract was better than that of water-soluble one. The 74.6% of inhibition ratio for revertant forming CFU/plate was shown at $300\;{\mu}l/plate$ of the methanolic extract.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2003

Three different types of chitosan were prepared from red crab shells to study anti-microbial activity of chitosan on pathogenic bacteria, MRSA(Methicillin-resistant. Staphylococcus aureus), Water-insoluble chitosan, whose degree of deacetylation is kept over 90% and molecular weights are 20,000, 500,000, 150,000, 80,000, and 40,000, respectively. Water-soluble chitosan, whose degree of deacetylation is about 48% and molecular weights are 200,000 and 80,000. Water-soluble chitosan, whose degree of deacetylation is 82% and molecular weight is 3,900. The anti-microbial activities of three types of chitosan were investigated by Tube Dilution Technique(TDT) and Agar Plate Smear Method(APSM). And the following conclusions are made ; Chitosan having 5 different types of M.W chitosan (over 90% deacetylation) showed similar anti-microbial activities at over 0.05% concentration. Especially, chitosan having M.W 40,000 150,000 showed the excellent anti-microbial activity. The anti-microbial activity of chitosan was enhanced when the chitosan/acetic add solution was aged for 7days. The anti-microbial activity of chitosan was only shown at chitosan/acetic acid solution. The anti-microbial activity was not detected in chitosan solution dissolved in neutral pH water. Therefore, it can be concluded that the anti-microbial activity was due to NH3+ cationic ion of chitosan in acidic aqueous solution.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.123-129
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• 1993

$^{85}Sr$만을 투여한 대조군에 비해 $^{85}Sr$의 오염에 앞서 3% 카이토산을 체내에 투여한 경우 $^{85}Sr$의 체내 잔존율이 서서히 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 그 배출효과에 있어서 위장관에 의해 1일 1회 5일간의 연속투여군에서는 1회 단일투여의 경우와 유사하게 나타났으나 수용성 카이토산의 경우 1회 투여군에서는 불용성에 비해 큰 차이를 보이지 않았고, 1일 1회 5일 간의 연속 투여군에서는 약2배 이상 그 배출율이 증가하여 연속적으로 투여하였을 때 방사선 스트론튬이 체내대사에 영향을 줄 수 있음을 시사하였다. 배출물의 경우 변증으로 대부분이 배출되며 카이토산의 투여군에서는 뇨를 통한 배출은 대조군에 비해 높게 나타났고 수용성 카이토산의 투여군에 의해 방사성 스트론륨의 소화관 흡수가 저해되어 결과적으로 배출이 촉진될 뿐만 아니라 골대사 중에 작용하여 표적 기관으로부터 $^{85}Sr$을 추출시키는데도 관여할 가능성을 시사했다. 결론적으로 본 실험에서는 수용성 카이토산과 불용성 카이토산이 방사능 방호약제로 유효하게 쓰일 수 있으며 그중 3% 수용성 카이토산은 연속적으로 투여 한 경우 $^{85}Sr$의 체내 대사에 영향을 미쳐 장기간 투여시 $^{85}Sr$을 체외로 배출시 키는데 기여 할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.296-304
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• 1994

Antibiotic substances were produced by Bacillus subtilis YB-70, a potential biocontrol agent found to suppress root-rot of eggplant (Solanum melonggena L) caused by Fusarium solani, in a dextrose glutamate medium and isolated by isoelectric precipitation. Partial purification was performed by column chromatography on silica gel with two solvent systems: chloroform-methanol and methanol-chloroform-water as eluting solvents, This active fraction YBS-1 s contained antifungal activity were soluble in ethanol, methanol, and water, but were not soluble in other solvents including acetone, butanol, ethyl ether, dimethylformamide, propanol, and etc. High performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatographic separation of YBS-1s showed that they have been composed of three biological active bands that were named YBS-1A, -1B, and -1C. The substances were stable to heat and resistant to protease. YBS-1s were active against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi but did not inhibit the growth of bacteria and yeasts. They were not only fungicidal but also fungistatic against chlamydospores of F. solani. The $ED_{50}$ values for the chlamydospore germination and the germ-tube growth of F. solani were $O.725\mu\textrm{m}/ml\;and\;O.562\mu\textrm{m}/ml$, respectively. Microscopic observations proved the substances restricted the growth of phytopathogenic fungus F. solani by spore burst followed by dissolving of its germ-tube, and caused abnormal hyphal swelling after application to chlamydospores or growing hyphae. Cultural filtrate of B; subtilis YB-70 also suppressed the development of root-rot of eggplant in pot tests.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.130-134
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• 1993

방사성스트론튬은 원자력 사고에 의해 환경 증으로 유출가능한 핵종으로 주로 위 장관을 통해 흡수됨으로써 인체에 심각한 방사선 장애를 일으킬 수 있으므로, 위장관 흡수를 억제할 수 있는 물질에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 실험에서는 마우스에서 장기간 복용시킨 수용성 및 불용성 카이토산과 수용성 및 불용성 알긴산이 방사성스트론튬($^{85}Sr$)의 체외배출을 어느 정도 촉진시킬 수 있는 지를 알아보고자 하였다. 각 군당 10마리씩을 웅성 마우스(NIH계)에 7일간 l0% 불용성, 수용성 카이토산과 10% 불용성 및 수용성 알긴산을 보통 식이에 섞어먹인 후, $^{85}Sr$ 74KBq ($2{\mu}Ci$)을 구강위관을 통하여 투여하였으며, $^{85}Sr$ 투여후 7일 동안 카이토산과 알긴산을 같은 방법으로 복용시키면서 매일 변을 통해 배설되는 방사능을 감마카운터로 계측하고, 7일후 도살부검하여 신체 장기별 $^{85}Sr$ 침착량을 계측하였다. 변을 통한 $^{85}Sr$의 배설은 카이토산 및 알긴산을 투여하지 않은 대조군에 비해 수용성카이토산, 불용성알긴산, 수용성알긴산, 불용성카이토산 처리군 순서로 유의하게 나타났으나, 각 처리군 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. $^{85}Sr$은 주로 골조직에 침착되었으며, 카이토산 및 알긴산 처리에 의한 $^{85}Sr$의 골조직 침착은 각 처리군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 저하되었다(p<0.01). 결론적으로 l0%불용성, 수용성 카이토산과 10% 불용성 및 수용성 알긴산은 구강을 통해 유입되는 방사성스트론튬의 체내 흡수를 저하시키는데 있어서 효과적인 약제로 사용될 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1987

In order to utilize the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke (Jerusalem tuberosus L.) which has been considered one of the most economical resources for bioenergy, the tubers of the plant were processed into silage in 11 lab-silo with three levels of mixture of concentrates i.e. 10, 20, 30%. The silage was stored for 20 to 40 days before analyses. The quality of silage was compared with those of the tube-only silage without concentrates. Aproximate composition, pH, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic acids were analyzed. The results obtained are summarized ; 1. With the mixture of concentrates, the water content of the silage was able to be adjusted to 70 percent and NDF significantly increased (P<0.05) while ADF significantly decreased. 2. The content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) was significantly decreased in silages of the mixture of concentrate and the tuber (P<0.05), while total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen increased. 3. Tube-only silage gave satisfaction in fermentation, particularly organic-acid fermentation. As the storage period extended, Flieg's score of the silage was improved. Conclusively, the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke found to satisfy the requirements of good silage and to be recommended as a good resource for all-inane silage provided the tuber was ensilaged with 20 to 30 percent concentrate.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2020

Thermographic phosphor (TP) thermometry is a noncontact optical measurement method and has been applied in many fields such as combustion and heat transfer. However, due to the limitation of bonding technology and measurement method, most TP thermometry studies were conducted only on the air environment with water-soluble binders. In this paper, a temperature measurement technology in water using TP is proposed by coatings of manganese activated magnesium fluorogermanate (Mg4FGeO6:Mn4+, MFG) with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Four MFG-PDMS coatings with different thicknesses were prepared. The lifetime of MFG was not affected by the thickness of the coating as a result of the experiment and analysis of phosphor intensity using a photomultiplier tube. To measure the surface temperature field of an immerged body in water, a cylinder-type cartridge heater was coated with MFG doped PDMS. Transient surface temperature field was successfully measured even the initial temperature is higher than the boiling point of water.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1961

A small size Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst testing apparatus, designed for an operating pressure of 150 psig, was test fabricated from ordinary schedule 40 iron pipes. The operability of the apparatus was tested by charging the reactor tube with the Lurgi Fischer-Tropsch iron Catalyst and passing through it the water gas obtained by gasifying the Korean anthracite using steam and oxygen. With the kind of catalyst charged, the apparatus was proven to daily produce about 50c.c. of synthetic greasy product, water and water soluble compounds, by running at a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ and at a space velocity of 180 volume of gas per volume of catalyst/hr. About 20 consecutive days of operation is claimed to be sufficient for gathering an enough amount of synthetic products for such ordinary tests as distillation analysis, density measurement, iodine value determination etc. This trial fabrication of apparatus may be the first case of its kind in Korea in that the work has been conducted out in much a pilot plant scheme rather than a routine laboratory way which depends on small glass ware apparatus.