• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extracts from Sasa borealis leaves, stems and roots. Methods : Sasa borealis leaves, stems and roots extract were prepared using water and ethanol. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were analyzed. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity, SOD like activity, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and Nitrite scavenging activity assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant activities. Results : The antioxidant activities of the Sasa borealis appeared higher in ethanol extract than water extracts. Total polyphenol and total flavonoids contents in ethanol extracts of leaves were $24.6mg/m{\ell}$ and $14.3mg/m{\ell}$, respectively, which were much higher than those of any other parts. SOD like activity was 70% ethanol extract of the leaves was highest with 15.68%. Electron donating ability was 70% ethanol extract of the leaves had the highest 59.07%. It exhibited high electron donating ability than BHT(45.68%). Nitrite scavenging activity of 70% ethanol extract was higher than the water extract at pH 2.5 and pH 4.2. Nitrite scavenging activity was 70% ethanol extract of the leaves was the highest 75.2%. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was 70% ethanol extract of the leaves was highest with 16.16%, showed very low activity than BHT(61.56%). Conclusions : These results suggest that 70% ethanol extracts from Sasa borealis leaves, exhibited higher antioxidant activities than those of root and stem, and can be potentially used as proper natural antioxidants.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.338-352
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• 2022

Herein, water and ethanol extracts were obtained from the leaves, branches, kernels, and pericarp of Quercus gilva and subsequently analyzed for antioxidant activity and circadian rhythm regulation effects. Candidate components that may affect circadian rhythm and antioxidant activity were investigated to discover potential functional materials. Antioxidant activity was analyzed via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assays, showing that the hot water extract exhibited higher activity than that of the ethanol extract. In particular, the branch extract showed high antioxidant activity. By measuring total contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, the hot water branch extract showed the highest concentrations, highlighting their significant contribution to the antioxidant activity. Examination of the circadian rhythm regulation of each extract showed that the ethanol extract exhibited greater impacts on the circadian rhythm amplitude compared to the water extract. The branch ethanol extract induced circadian rhythm amplitude changes via clock gene Bmal1 expression regulation. Determination of 12 phenolic compound concentrations showed that the branch ethanol extract contained many phenolic compounds, including catechin. This suggests that these com- pounds affected circadian rhythm regulation. In conclusion, the hot water branch extract has potential as an natural antioxidant material, while the corresponding ethanol extract has potential as a functional material for regulating circadian rhythm.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.273-279
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• 2005

To develop cosmetics using Jindalae flowers (Rhododendron mucronulatum), the surface tensions of extracts were measured and the properties and stability of cream with extracts were investigated. The surface tension of 0.1% ethanol extract was 30.42 mN/m and that of distilled water was 72.2 mN/m. The surface tension of cream with 0.1% ethanol extract was similar to that of sample cream and the measured pH were weakly alkalic. The surface tension of 1% ethanol extract was the lowest value of 24.98 mN/m, the measured pH of cream with 1% ethanol extract was weakly acidic and the particle size of cream was stable. According to an oscillatory test, linear viscoelastic region was extended by adding of 1% water extract and 1% ethanol extract to cream, indicating that the cream had greater enhanced resistance for preserving inner structure as compared to outside stress.　Besides, as a result of the diminished loss angle of ethanol extract cream, the elasticity of cream was increased more than that of sample cream and cream with 0.1% ethanol extract. In contrast, in the case of the increased loss angle of water extract cream, the viscosity of cream was increased. In conclusion, Rhododendron mucronulatum can be deliberated as a cosmetic material because 0.1% water and ethanol extracts showed efficacious physiological activities and cream with 1% extracts could extend linear viscoelastic region.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 2008

This study was carried out to examine the antioxidant effects of cheonggukjang combined with Phellinus linteus extract. The electron-donating activity (EDA) of cheonggukjang containing 0.3% P. linteus extract (0.3% CPLE) was higher than that of cheonggukjang only. EDA of the ethanol extract from cheonggukjang was higher than that of the water extract. The water and the ethanol extracts showed strong antioxidant activity with regard to peroxide value. However, the ethanol extract showed a higher peroxide value than the water extract. The nitrite scavenging activity of the ethanol extract was greater than that of the water extract, crresponding to the EDA and peroxide values for each extract. Therefore, the antioxidant effects were enhanced by adding 0.3% of extract from P. linteus in manufacturing cheonggukjang. It is suggested that P. linteus extract could be put into practice as an effective antioxidant agent.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.14-23
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• 2016

This purpose of this study is to examine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Persicaria hydropiper L. extract in 70% ethanol and in water, a medicinal herb, as an effort to examine the potential of medicinal herbs for development of antioxidants and natural preservative substitutes. The total poly-phenol content in the 70% ethanol extract and in the water extract were 19.88 mg/g and 7.46 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was 90.99% and 64.98% in the 70% ethanol extract and water extract, in which 70% ethanol extract showed a higher activity. The antioxidant effect of Persicaria hydropiper L. extract appears to be very good and due to its excellent growth inhibitory effect on food-poisoning-causing microorganisms in the food, it is thought to be utilized as a potential natural preservative substitute in many areas.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activities of ethanol and water extracts of Sargassum hemiphyllum. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by assessing total phenolic contents, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, chelating effect, reducing power, and using the rancimat method. Total phenolic contents in the ethanol and water extracts were 17.91 and 13.44 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, respectively. Ethanol extract showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than water extract and similar activity to that of BHT. The reducing power of ethanol and water extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Particularly, ethanol extract was more effective than water extract. Water extract showed a higher chelating effect compared to ethanol extract. The antioxidant index measured by rancimat was lower than those in BHT, but the ethanol extract showed a higher value than the water extract. The ethanol extract showed higher antioxidant activity than the water extract, except for the chelating effect. These results suggest that the ethanol extract of Sargassum hemiphyllum has more potent antioxidant activity and may be used as a source of natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 1979

It order to extract the soluble organic substances of Korean ginseng effectively, the ginseng extract have been made by using amylase. The investigation on the optimum condition of enzyme reaction was carried out, and the amounts of gained extract and its saponin pattern were compared among the ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract. The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The gaining ratio or ginseng extract was the highest value when the raw ginseng and dried ginseng were extracted in the concentration of 7.5% and 5% with 0.3%∼0.6% enzyme for 25 hour. 2. The amounts of ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract were 9.14%, 17.23% and 23.73% in case of raw ginseng and 64.09%, 72.52% and 74.36% in case of dried ginseng, respectively. The amount of enzyme extract was increased as much as 6∼14% in case of raw ginseng, and 2∼10% in case of dried ginseng compared with that of ethanol and water extract. 3. The absolute content of saponin was nearly constant in spite of the different extraction method and all of the ginseng saponin pattern of thin-layer chromatograms were almost same.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2 s.30
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• pp.433-446
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• 1995

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of water extract and 70% ethanol extract from Gastrodiae Rhizoma on cardiovascular activities and plasma levels of catecholamines in unanaesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats. The depressor response in SHR was observed during three to six hour period after an oral administration of water extract from Gastrodiae Rhizoma(GR). There was a statistically significant correlation between the magnitude of the depressor response induced by an oral administration of water extract from GR and the initial control blood pressure level. The increase in blood pressure induced by norepinephrine was less in Wistar rat treated with GR water extract than those without GR extract. No significant change in heart rate was observed in SHR receiving either water extract or ethanol extract from GR. Associated with the depressor response, there was a concomitant reduction in plasma levels of norepinephrine in SHR at 4 hour after an oral administration of water extract from GR. Plasma levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine were decreased slightly at 2 hour after an oral administration of ethanol extract from GR. These results suggest that the depressor effect of water extract from GR may be due, in part, to a decreased sympathoadrenal activity.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.104-109
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• 2012

This study was carried out for the functional investigation of the $Ulmus$ $pumila$ L. extracts for use in functional-food processing. Extracts of $Ulmus$ $pumila$ L. were obtained using distilled water and 70% ethanol, and the extracts were tested for their electron-donating ability, SOD-like activity, nitrate-scavenging ability, and anticancer (MDA and A 549 cells) activity. The extraction yields of the water and ethanol extracts were 12.7 and 12.0%, respectively; the polyphenol contents were $623.5{\pm}2.4$ and $710.5{\pm}2.1$ mg/100 g; the electron-donating ability was high in proportion with the density; and the water extract was higher than the ethanol extract (76 and 64%, respectively) at 1,000 ppm. In all the 1,000 ppm densities, the SOD-like activity of the water extract was far higher than that of the ethanol extract (53 and 38%, respectively), and the nitrite-scavenging ability of the ethanol extract was higher than that of the water extract (47 and 43%, respectively). As for the anticancer ability at 1,000 ppm, it was 62% in the water extract and 42% in the ethanol extract in the MDA cell, and 60% in the water extract and 45% in the ethanol extract in the A 549 cell. Thus, the proliferation inhibition ability of the water extract against cancer cells was found to be far higher than that of the ethanol extract (60 and 45%, respectively).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 2021

In order to utilize edible insect larvae as a functional material, the antioxidant components and activities of Tenebrio molitor larvae extracts were evaluated. The total phenolic content of the extract by ethanol concentration (95%, 70%, 50%, water) of T. molitor larvae powder was the highest in the 50% ethanol extract at 459.23 ± 1.05 mg%, and the total flavonoid content was the highest in the water extract at 19.86 ± 0.69 mg%. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of T. molitor larvae powder extract was the highest in 70% ethanol extract at 82.60 ± 0.00%, followed by water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol extract. The ABTS radical scavenging activity in 50% ethanol and water extract was highest at 97.57 ± 0.16% and 95.33 ± 0.41%, respectively, with no significant difference. Significantly, the reducing power was the highest in water extracts, followed by 50%, 70%, and 95% ethanol extract. The results confirmed the antioxidant components and antioxidant activities of T. molitor larvae have been identified, indicating that it is worth using as a functional material.