• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

The scavenging effects of four extracts on the DPPH radical were increased with increasing amount of extract. However, these effects were not statistically significant. The reducing power of the extracts is increased as the amount of extract is increased. To compare reducing powers of various solvent extracts, 50% ethanol extract showed the highest reducing power. The various solvent extracts were also capable of scavenging nitrite in a manner dependent on concentration. They exhibited scavenging effects 90% on nitrite at the dose 500 p.g of water extract from propolis. The propolis extract significantly inhibited all the microorganisms tested, showing the largest inhibitory zone for Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. The 70% ethanol extract from propolis exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on A549. The inhibitory effect of four extracts showed in that order 70% ethanol extract>95% ethanol extract>water extract>50% ethanol extract.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1993

This study was divised to observe an Inhibitory effect toward a lipolytic action of toxohormone-L from large root and small root Nepal pseudo ginseng (NPG ; Nepal products) components by water extract and ethanol precipitate in vitro. Toxohormone-L is known to be a lipolytic factor that was partially purified from the ascites fluid of Sarcoma 180-bearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. The inhibitory effect that inhibited the lipolytic action of toxohormone-L by ethanol Precipitate component of large root NPG (mean 55.5%) was higher (mean 1.37 times) than that of water extract component in final reaction concentration of 500 and 1, 000ug/ml, on the other side inhibitory effect of water extract component in small root NPG (mean 55.5%) was higer (mean 1.14 times) than that of ethanol precipitate component. In a way inhibitory effect of precipitate component In large root NPG(47.6%), when final reaction concentration of sample were 1, 000ug/ml, was about 40% lower than that of Korean red ginseng.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 1991

This study was divised to observe an inhibitory toward a lipolytic action of toxohormone-L from large root and small root Nepal pseudo ginseng(NPG ; Nepal products) components by water extract and ethanol precipitate in vitro. Toxohormone-L Is known to be a lipolytic factor that was partially purified from the ascites fluid of sarcoma 180-hearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. The inhibitory effect that inhibited the lipolytic action of toxohormone-L by ethanol precipitate component of large root NPG(mean 46.8%) was higher (mean 1.8 times) than that of water extract component in final reaction concentration ,5001g1m1, on the other side inhibitory effect of water extract component in small root NPG(mean 43.9%) was higher(mean 1. 2 times) than that of ethano1 precipitate component, respectively. In a way inhibitory effect of ethanol precipitate component in large root NPG(47.6%), when final reaction concentration of sample were 1,000 U g/ml, was about 4095 lower than that of Korean red ginseng, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 2008

Extracts from Rododendron mucronulatum Turcz. flowers were tested for antioxidant and their inhibitory activities of ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Total contents of phenolics were found as $30.6{\pm}0.14mg/g$ (60% EtOH extract) and $23.2{\pm}0.21mg/g$ (water extract). Electron donation ability (EDA), ABTS [2,2azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical decolorization, Antioxidant protection factor (PF) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) were measured for the antioxidative activity of the extracts from Rododendron mucronulatum Turcz. flowers. The water extract were determined as 97.5% at ethanol extract showed 83.2% and 60% EtOH extract were 89.7% in EDA. The water extract showed higher antioxidant activity than 60% EtOH extract when evaluated by ABTS radical decolorization and antioxidant PF. The TBARS of water extracts and 60% EtOH extracts were shown as $0.29{\times}10^2{\mu}M\;and\;0.28{\times}10^2{\mu}M$, respectively, and were lower than control. ACE inhibitory activity in water extract (67.6% inhibition) was higher than that of 60% EtOH extract (46.7% inhibition) at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Water extracts had higher inhibitory activities on ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase than 60% EtOH extracts. The result suggests that the water extract from Rododendron mucronulatum Turcz. flowers will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional foods.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.396-403
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• 2014

In this study, the antioxidant effect of water and ethanol extracts from Juniperus rigida Sieb were investigated. The activities of each of the extracts were measured based on their total phenolic and flavonoid contents and using antioxidant test such as of 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTs) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity, antioxidant protection fator (PF), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) content, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibition activity assay. The result of the examination to measure the polyphenol content by investigating the antioxidativity of the J. rigida Sieb. extract showed 71.3 mg/g polyphenol content in the water extract, and 116.0 mg/g in the ethanol extract and a 17.7 mg/g flavonoid content in the water extract and in 76.4 mg/g in the ethanol extract. The ABTS radical cation decolorization showed 76.4% and 79.3% scavenging activities of the $500{\mu}g/mL$ water extract and ethanol extract, respectively. The FRAP showed 1.83 mM efficacy in the water extract and a lower 1.77 mM in ethanol extract. Both the water extract and the ethanol extract showed reduced ACE activities of 75.39% and 71.25% at $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The antioxidant protection factor of the water and 70% ethanol extracts of J. rigida Sieb were 1.5 PF and 2.1 PF, respectively. In the TBARS inhibitory activity, the extracts showed 55.78% and 71.48% antioxidant activities at the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. The results of the measurrement of the ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity indicated more than 90% of activity inhibition in the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of the ethanol extract. For the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, the ethanol extract showed 70% activity inhibition at the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.943-947
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction method of phenolic compounds from Rubus coreanum and antioxidative activity. antioxidative activities of Rubus coreanum were tested with ability of donating hydrogen to DPPH, and HPLC, fluorometry which measure the amount of MDA after reacting linoleic acid with $H_2O$$_2$, and LDL with $H_2O$$_2$ and FeCl$_2$. The most suitable extraction conditions of the phenolic compounds from Rubus coreanum was 3 times with 60% ethanol, and the yield of extract containing 35% moisture was 15.28%. In extraction efficacy of phenolic compounds, 60% ethanol was superior to water as extraction solvent, and extraction efficacy with 60% ethanol did not differ from disolving by water after evaporation of 60% ethanol extract. 60% ethanol extract of Rubus coreanum had an ability of hydrogen donating to DPPH, MDA determination showed the antioxidative effect with inhibition ratio of 77.91% on linoleic acid oxidation by addition of Rubus coreanum extract with the concentration of 1.500 ppm. and about 65.74% of LDL oxidation was inhibited by addition of 1,000 ppm.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2004

Two compounds from Gomisin N and Gomisin A were isolated from the fruits of Schizandra chinensis Baillon. The highest extraction yield as 21.36% was observed in the ethanol extract, compared to the yield obtained form the water extract. The extraction yields of the single compounds were measured to be 0.13 and 0.014 Gomisin A and Gomisin N, respectively. Approximately, 90% of the growth of human stomach adenocarcinoma cancer cells was inhibited after adding 1.0 g/l of the ethanol extract. The growth of the human normal lung cell was limited to 24% after adding the ethanol extract. The water extract lowered the specific secretion of $TNF-\acute{a}$ and IL-6 from T cells, $10.3{\times}10^{-4}\;pg/cell\;and\;12.1{\times}10^{-4}\;pg/cell$, respectively, compared to the ethanol extracts. On the other hand, a treatment with the ethanol extract increased the specific secretion of $TNF-\acute{a}$ and IL-6 from human T cells, to $11{\times}10^{-4}\;pg/cell\;and\;14.3{\times}10^{-4}\;pg/cell$, respectively. The crude ethanol extract had the highest effect on the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells compared to the other extracts and Gomisin A and N. In general, the biological activities of the extracts gradually decreased as the purification process proceeded, which suggests that higher immunostimulatory activities can be maintained by adding the crude extracts of the fruits rather than by adding a single compound.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.256-267
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the functional ingredients of Perilla Frutescens L. Britt extracts and to confirm the possibility of producing PVA nanofibers using extracts. Distilled water, 3% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and ethanol were used as extraction solvents. The electrospinning was carried out at a PVA concentration of 12%, an applied voltage of 10 kV and a tip to collector distance of 15cm. The contents of volatile substances, essential oils, total polyphenols and flavonoids of the extracts were measured to examine the constituents of functional materials. Flavor components and esters were identified in 3% sodium hydroxide and ethanol extracts. The content of polyphenols and flavonoids in ethanol extracts was higher than that of medicinal plants. 1wt.% of Tween 20 was added to disperse the essential oil components of the ethanol extract. Addition of a dispersant made it possible to produce a homogeneous mixture by having some compatibility with the ethanol extracts and the PVA molecule. When the concentration of the ethanol extract was 0.25 and 0.5wt%, relatively uniform PVA nanofiber having an average diameter of 350 to 365nm could be produced. The results of FT-IR, XRD and DSC analysis confirmed that Perilla Frutescens L. Britt ethanol extract was well mixed with PVA molecules and was electrospun.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.317-320
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• 2004

Physiological effects of curcumin, major yellow-colored pigment in tumeric (Curcuma longa L.), extracted by traditional extracting methods, ethanol and hot-water extractions, and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using supercritical carbon dioxide as new extracting method. Antioxidative activity of ethanol extract was higher than those of SFE and hot-water extracts. Results of Ames mutagenicity test on SFE, ethanol, and hot-water extracts revealed no mutagen in the extracts. Antimutagenicity rates of SFE, ethanol, and hot-water extracts against direct mutagen, 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), were 20.1, 9.3, and 15.2%, respectively. Antimutagenicity rate of SFE extract against TA98 derived from indirect mutagen, 2-acetamidofluorene (2-AF), was 12.2%, whereas none was observed in ethanol and hot-water extracts. Nitrite-scavenging ability of SFE extract was higher than those of ethanol and not-water extracts.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative and anticancer activity of extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis, Zizyphus jujuba and Atractylodes macrocephala. Methods : Three kinds of medicinal herbs were extracted with distilled water and 70% ethanol, and the extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity and growth inhibition activity against cancer cells. Results : Electron donating abilities (EDA) of the water and ethanol extract from Zizyphus jujuba and Atractylodes macrocephala were over than 87% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The highest nitrite scavenging abilities (NSA) of the water and ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis were 68.9 and 79.2% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Atractylodes macrocephala extracts had shown the highest growth inhibition activity against both of MDA and A549 cells and the water extract had higher activity than ethanol extract. Conclusions : These results suggest that the extracts of medicinal herbs used for this experiment had specific biological activity and they can be used as natural antioxidant to prevent oxidative damage in normal cells.