• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2006

The importance of natural preservative has increased in recent years. The natural preservatives have been used in the field of foods, cosmetics and pharmacology. In the present work Artemisia sp., well recognized for their effect of antimicrobial activity, were extracted by methanol and water sequentially for selecting only water-soluble compounds that can be used as additives in food and cosmetics. Antimicrobial activities of water extracts from stem and leaf of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis were investigated by the disc diffusion method. Two gram positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and three gram negative bacteria(Escherichia coil, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pseudomonas putida) were used for antimicrobial activity studies. The water-soluble compounds from methanol extract showed higher antimicrobial activity than only water extract to these bacteria. Comparative evaluation of water-soluble metabolite profiles with caffeic acid that is known as an antimicrobial compound from Artemisia sp. was performed by high performance liquid chromatography with photo-diode array detection.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.326-332
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• 2000

In order to investigate the possibility of functional property improvement of meat products, four kinds of pork patties were prepared with water 10% as control, mugwort extract 10%, pine needle extract 10% and fatsia leaf extract 10%, respectively. In case of control moisture content was higher, but crude fat was lower, compared to patties treated with plant extracts. Crude ash content of pine needle extract treatment showed higher level than that of other patties. pH range of patties revealed to 5.92∼5.978. In raw patties Hunter's L-and a-value of control were higher than those of plant extract treatment, and a-value of raw patties showed higher level than that of cooked. Yield, water holding capacity, salt soluble protein extractability and gel strength among patties did not show significant differences. In control patty, fat retention was lower compared to other plant extract treatments, but water soluble protein extractability was higher compared to pine needle. Values such as hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were not significantly different among the patties. In sensory scores such as aroma, juiciness and palatability, significant differences were not observed among cooked patties, but texture score was higher in the order pine needle, mugwort, fatsia leaf and control.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.4 s.143
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• pp.305-310
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• 2005

Sarcodon aspratus (Thelepholaceae), a native mushroom, is distributed in Korea and Japan, and has been widely used in traditional food and fork medicines. To confirm the biological activities of Sarcodon aspratus, the liver protecting activity, anti-clotting activity, and anti-complementary activity of the water extract, EtOH extract, and the water soluble proteoglycan part of S. aspratus were investigated. The EtOH, and water extract of S. aspratus decreased the GOT and GPT releases induced by $CCl_4$ in a dose-dependant manner. On the other hand, the water soluble proteoglycan part of S. aspratus showed weak inhibitory activity. In addition, the EtOH and water extract of S. aspratus prevented $CCl_4-induced$ hepatotoxicity, as described by a liver histopathologic study. To confirm the anti-clotting activity, the APTT and PT assay were carried out. As a result, only the crude proteoglycan part of S. aspratus showed the anti-coagulating activity, and this result might be due to the inhibition of intrinsic clotting system. Also, the crude proteoglycan part of S. aspratus showed the anti-complementary activity, and the $IC_{50}$ value was $50\;{\mu}l/ml$.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.190.1-190.1
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• 2003

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the stem bark extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Eucommiaceae) led to the isolation of three iridoid constituents, genipin (1), geniposide (3), geniposidic acid (4) as well as (${\pm}$)-guaiacylglycerol (2) and fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble part exhibited a poor inhibition. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.202.2-202.2
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• 2003

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the whole extract of Viscum album (a parasitic plant : Loranthaceae) led to the isolation of two triterpenoidal components, oleanolic acid (1), ${\beta}$-amyrin acetate (2), homoflavoyadorinin B (3) as well as large quantity of free fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble part exhibited a poor inhibition. (omitted)

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.587-594
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• 2013

Egg consumption has been limited to avoid cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, because the yolk contains high levels of cholesterol. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the water-soluble component of egg-yolk on the growth efficiency, immune modulation, and changes in serum lipid levels in BALB/c mice. A total 5 wk old 120 BALB/c male mice were divided into 4 groups and were fed 0, 2, 10, and 20 mg/d water-soluble egg yolk extract (WSEYE) for 5 wk. Water-soluble egg yolk extract (WSEYE) uptake resulted in a significant reduction in daily weight gain and feed efficiency rate (FER). The mouse groups treated with 2 and 20 mg/d WSEYE showed a significant increase in populations of monocytes at the third wk and B-lymphocyte activity at the fifth wk. In addition, WSEYE uptake did not influence serum immunoglobulin E levels. In serum lipid-profile studies, treatment of WSEYE did not alter total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels; however, blood triglyceride levels were significantly diminished in mice treated with 2 mg/d at the third wk (p<0.05), and the level of high-density lipoprotein was significantly increased in the mice group treated with 2 and 10 mg/d WSEYE after 5 wk (p<0.05). Taken together, the data demonstrate the beneficial effects of WSEYE in the diet on immune modulation and serum lipid profiles in mouse models; therefore, this study suggests that ingestion of water-soluble fraction of egg yolk might not be related to the increased risk of heart disease, but can be an excellent candidate for maintaining health.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.390-393
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• 2000

Desmutagenic effects of water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extracts of dried green tea toward the mutagenicity of 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide(4-NQO) and 3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido［4,3-b］indole(Trp-P-1) in streptomycin-dependent SD510 strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 were investigated. Inhibition effects toward the mutagenicity of 4-NQO and Trp-P-1 of water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extracts from green tea were high as increase of concentration of extracts. Desmutagenic effects toward 4-NQO of water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extracts from green tea harvested in May and August were up to 93% in 1,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of extract/plate. Desmutagenic effects toward Trp-P-1 of ethanol-soluble extracts from green tea were 53.3∼92.1%, but the effects of water-soluble extracts decreased as increase of concentration of extracts.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.543-550
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• 2005

This study was designed to identify the effects of Reynoutria Japonica on antibacterial activity aganist Bordetella pertussis ATCC 9797 which is cause of whooping cough. The ethanol- and water-extracts of more than 80 oriental herbal medicine were Investigated by Kirby -Bauer method to determine their inhibitory effects on growth of B. pertussis ATCC 9797 in vitro. For that Reynoutria Japonica was selected. The ethanol-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica showed relatively high antivacterial activity against B. pertussis ATCC 9797. However, the water-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica showed no antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract was further fractionated with organic solvents such as hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, in that order. Among the fraction tested, the chloroform fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity when the ethanol-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica minial inhibitory concentration(MIC) was $25{\mu}g/m{\ell}l$. Results support a role far Reynoutria Japonica in inhibiting the cell growth of B. pertussis ATCC 9797, but further experimentation is required.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3 s.63
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• pp.98-109
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was designed to identify the effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza or antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400. Methods : The ethanol- and water-extracts of more than 80 oriental herbal medicines were investigated by the Kirby-Bauer method to determine their inhibitory effect on growth of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400 in vitro. Of thorn, Salvia Miltiorrhiza was selected. Results : The ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza showed relatively high antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400. However, the water-soluble extract of Salvia Miltionrhiza showed no antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract was forker fractionated with organic solvents such as hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate in that order. Among the fraction tested, the chloroform fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity, when the ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 25${\mu}g/ml$. Conclusions : Further study should be carried out to identity of the cell growth inhibition effects of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 1979

It order to extract the soluble organic substances of Korean ginseng effectively, the ginseng extract have been made by using amylase. The investigation on the optimum condition of enzyme reaction was carried out, and the amounts of gained extract and its saponin pattern were compared among the ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract. The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The gaining ratio or ginseng extract was the highest value when the raw ginseng and dried ginseng were extracted in the concentration of 7.5% and 5% with 0.3%∼0.6% enzyme for 25 hour. 2. The amounts of ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract were 9.14%, 17.23% and 23.73% in case of raw ginseng and 64.09%, 72.52% and 74.36% in case of dried ginseng, respectively. The amount of enzyme extract was increased as much as 6∼14% in case of raw ginseng, and 2∼10% in case of dried ginseng compared with that of ethanol and water extract. 3. The absolute content of saponin was nearly constant in spite of the different extraction method and all of the ginseng saponin pattern of thin-layer chromatograms were almost same.