• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

Water quality is monitored at 1,837 points which are streams and sources for water supply in Karea. The monitoring carry out the measurement of 16 parameters of pH, BOD, SS, DO and so on with once a month, and of other parameters such like heavy metal with once a quarter. But most of the monitoring is carried out uncontinuously, so it is very difficult to understand exactly the changes of water quality compared with continuous monitoring. Therefore, real time monitoring system was equipped with basic parameters such as pH, temperature, DO, turbidity and electric conductivity at 25 major sources of water supply after installation of Noryangjin and Dukdo in 1974. But the systems have some problems which cannot be considered the sampling sites to represent for water quality of stream of lake, and can be caused a change of water quality by long distance from analyzer to intake pipe. Therefore, it has carefully to evaluate selection of sample sites for real time monitoring system. Also, problems on the area has been to identify which parameters are best suited to monitoring stream of lake water and the differences, of analyzing results compared with manual analyzing. This paper presents some approaches to handle such problems, namely selection of sampling site and measurable parameters, to connect with bio-monitoring system solving a Limitation of measurable parameters, The bio-monitoring system of an early alarm that is desirable to perceive a toxic material inflow into stream can be applied to continuos water quality monitoring system effectively. Also, this paper presents to build a on line system transmitting immediately from a mobile analyzer house or container to main monitoring center the results of analyzer by a telemeter.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.303-312
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• 1998

It is necessary to quantitatively asses the influence of tidal currents to analysis the coastal current patterns before or after constructing offshore structures like as breakwaters. This assesment can be made through the use of simulation models designed to reproduce the water movements of the area. And it is very important to predict a phenomenon of pollutant dispersion in the area. In this study, in order to predict the changes of sea water quality for the port development plan, Ilgwang harbour, located at the east coast of Pusan, the numerical computations were carried out. The flow patterns were investigated before and after the development of the harbour bay and coastal area connected on it. The computational models are an extension of earlier work on the flow which used the ADI Method (Alternating Direction Implicit Method) in appling to Osaka Bay by KANEKO et al. The transport of pollutant constituents depends upon the currental characteristics of the water-transporting medium. In the currental flow model, water velocities and water levels are computed throughout the regions of it. These value are then used in the mass-balance equation to obtain the pollutant-constituent transport. As a result of this research, the present water quality of Ilgwang harbour and the coastal areas connected on it was proved out some good condition. The changes of sea water quality due to the port development plan of the Ilgwang habour bay and the coastal area were not large compared with the present condition, but it will be likely able to get worse by increasing the semi-enclosed areas in the harbour bay. In order to improve the water quality of the area after development, the method to activate tidal exchange in the area can be needed, as a mitigation technique.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 수층(water body싻 저니의 상호작용을 시뮬레이션하기위해 저질 모델을 구축하였다. 본 연구에서 구축한 모델은, 수층에서 저니층으로의 유기물질의 침강, 그리고 저니층에서 수층으로의 질소와 인의 용출을 상호작용으로 고려한 모델이다. 구축된 모델을 검증하기 위해 실측치를 이용하여 모델 재현성의 검토를 실시하였다. 오사카만을 대상으로 모델에 의해 얻어진 인의 용출속도를 실측치와 비교하였다. 그 결과 계산치와 실측치는 거의 일치하였으며, 계절별 용출속도의 변동 특성이 양호하게 재현되었다 1950년부터 1999년에 걸쳐 약 50년간 수질과 저질의 재현 계산을 실시하여 모델의 재현성과 적용성을 평가하였다. 육지로부터의 오염물질 부하량과 수질의 경계조건, 그리고 3차원 유동모델의 경계조건에 대해서는 계절별 관측치를 이용하여 설정하였다. 계산 결과 질소, 인, 그리고 COD농도 및 장기간에 걸친 수질의 변동특성이 양호하게 재현되었다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2023

This study proposes a pH-dissolved-oxygen monitoring system using 8-HydroxyPyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid Trisodium Salt (HPTS) and tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)Ruthenium(II) chloride (Ru_dpp). Commercial water-quality sensors are electrochemical devices that require frequent calibration and cleaning, are subject to high maintenance costs, and have difficulties conducting measurements in real-time. The proposed pH-dissolved-oxygen monitoring system selects a thin-film sensing layer to measure the change in fluorescence intensity. This change in fluorescence intensity is based on reactions with hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution at a given pH and specific amount of dissolved oxygen. The change in fluorescence intensity is then measured using light-emitting diodes and photodiodes in response to HPTS and Ru_dpp. This method enables the development of a relatively small, inexpensive, and real-time measureable water-quality measurement system.

• 생태와환경
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2023

영산강의 상류에는 4개의 농업용 댐들이 축조되어 있으며 각 댐의 물은 경작지 관개용수로 거의 모두 공급되고 영산강 본류로 방류되지 않고 있다. 또한, 관개용수의 대부분도 사용 후에 영산강으로 회귀하지 않고 격리된 상태의 별도 용수간선을 통하여 영산강 하류까지 흘러가기 때문에 영산강 본류의 유량 부족 문제를 가중시키고 있다. 이러한 원인으로 영산강 유량의 71%가 하수처리수로 채워지는 결과를 초래하였으며 이에 따라 수질뿐 아니라 수생태 건강성도 우리나라 4대강 중 가장 열악한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 영산강 수질개선을 위한 여러 가지 시나리오들을 오염삭감과 유량증대를 함께 고려하여 개발하였고 QUAL-MEV를 이용하여 각 시나리오의 장래수질을 예측·분석하였으며, 이러한 연구결과로부터 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 1. 영산강의 수질개선은 오염삭감을 통해 그동안 꾸준히 시행되어 왔으나 이제 한계에 다다르고 있어 앞으로는 오염삭감만이 아니라 유량증대(해수담수화 포함) 방법이 함께 중점 추진되어야 하며, 이러한 경우에는 영산강 수질목표의 달성도 가능하다. 2. BOD는 오염삭감 그리고 T-P는 유량증대의 방법을 통해 크게 개선될 수 있다고 예측되었으므로 수질목표의 달성을 위해 오염삭감과 더불어 유량증대가 함께 도입된다면 이들 상호 간에는 시너지 효과가 크게 작용할 수 있을 것이다. 3. 그러나 유량증대사업의 원활한 추진을 위해서는 투자비용을 늘리는 것도 중요하겠으나 기존의 용수 이해관계자들간에 형성되어 있는 갈등 문제를 협의·해소키 위한 꾸준한 노력이 선행되어야 할 것이다. 4. 댐의 건설, 용수배분 조정 등 강우 유관형 유량증대 방법은 기후변화로 인해 강우가 오랜 기간 발생하지 않으면서 대가뭄이 지속될 경우에 적용의 효용성이 떨어지거나 상실될 수 있으므로 앞으로 비슷한 조건이라면 강우 무관형인 해수담수화시설을 유량증대사업 중 우선 설치대상으로 고려해야 할 것이다. 그 이유는 이러한 시설이 우리나라에서 새로 건설하기 어려운 댐의 용수확보 기능을 대체할 수 있고 대가뭄이 장기간 지속될 경우에 물관련 재해방지도 가능하여 기후변화의 적응시설로서 유용할 수 있기 때문이다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 1999

This study aims at a proposal of the plan that can improve raw water quality by an experimental study using influent water of Nak-dong river, which has been used as raw water for drinking in U-city, through the establishment of the submerged biofilter process PILOT PLANT of media packing channel method. From the analysis of removal efficiency for each water quality item of the collected sample, following results are obtained. First of all, the removal rate of suspended material, BOD, COD, T-N, TOC, turbidity, and $NH_3$ -N appear 82%, 78%, 42%, 15%, 57%, 43%, 54%, and 55% respectively and it is known that the submerged biofilter process of media packing channel method takes effects on water quality improvement from the above analysis results of water treatment efficiency. And the analyzed results for water temperature, residence time, and activities of microorganism, which can be the factors affect on water quality improvement, are as follows. 1) The removal rate variation of SS, BOD, and COD attendant on water temperature change is examined and it is known that the removal rate increases at $13^{\circ}C$ or above. 2) The removal rate of SS, BOD, and COD attendant on residence time is most active in the range of 0~18hr, 0~1.8hr, 0~2.7hr respectively, so it is found that the removal rate becomes smaller after 2.7hr. 3) From the examination of microorganism activity with the abundance of normal bacteria, it is found that the floating bacteria decrease as the flow distance from raw water inflow point of PILOT PLANT increases, and the adhesive bacteria have no concern with the flow distance. And it its known that the biomass of fine algae decreases as the flow distance from the raw water inflow point of PILOT PLANT increases from the examination with Chl-a.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2014

이 연구는 화학혼화제 인수검사 기준으로 활용할 수 있는 고형분량 변동이 콘크리트 품질에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보는데 그 목적을 두었다. 현재 한국도로공사의 잠정기준으로 운용 중인 ASTM C 494 기반의 고형분량 변동범위 ${\pm}12%$는 혼화제의 종류 및 고형분량의 특성을 반영하지 못해 혼화제 종류에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 고형분량 변동에 따른 콘크리트의 품질 변동을 평가한 결과 리그닌은 감수율이 낮은 관계로 고형분량의 변동범위가 큰 반면 나프탈렌계 및 폴리칼본산계 고성능감수제는 높은 감수율로 인하여 인수검사 기준으로 활용 중인 고형분량의 차이에 대한 허용범위 재조정이 요구되었다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2015

본 연구는 다변량 통계기법 중 하나인 주성분분석을 활용하여 실시간으로 수질이상 유무를 판단할 수 있는 경보시스템 개발을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 다변량 분석 방법 중 수질항목 간의 상관성을 고려한 주성분 분석 방법을 실시간으로 수질이상 유무를 판단하는 알고리즘에 적용시켰다. K-water에서 제공하는 실제 자료를 이용하여 수질 이상에 대한 실시간 감시 알고리즘의 활용성을 검증하였으며, 집중호우 등과 같은 기후변화에 따른 수질이상에 대해서는 기상청 자료와의 비교를 통해 검증하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Most lakes have increased concerns about water pollution due to the inflow of non-point sources caused by human activities. Therefore, the lake water quality survey was conducted in order to propose effective plans for water quality management by analyzing the characteristics of lakes and the change of water quality. METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to investigate the physicochemical water quality in Daedong lake, water quality analysis was undertaken from July 2018 to June 2019. Water temperature was ranged from 7.8 to 34.3℃ and pH varied from 6.9 to 10.2. The concentration of Dissolved oxygen, Suspended solid, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were 5.6 ~ 17.2 mg/L, 2.4 ~ 35.3 mg/L, and 4.5 ~ 15.1 mg/L, and 0.9 ~ 2.8 mg/L, respectively. The Total Nitrogen (T-N) concentration ranged from 0.974 ~ 2.126 mg/L, and Total Phosphorus (T-P) concentration ranged from 0.014 ~ 0.057 mg/L. The Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) ranged from 2.7 ~ 37.9 mg/㎥. Through Carlson TSIm assessment using T-P and Chl-a results, evaluating trophic state, Daedong lake was evaluated as mesotrophic. CONCLUSION: Water pollution management plan needs such as nutrient removal technology and nonpoint source management for prevention of eutrophication in Daedong lake.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.712-720
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• 2016

When bioethanol and water are mixed at a proper ratio, phase separation can occur because of the immiscibility of biobutanol with water. Phase separation in bioethanol blends fuels is a major problem for gasoline vehicle users due to effect of octane number and component corrosion. Thus, in this study, the phase separation of bioethanol was examined effect of bioethanol blends (E3 (3 vo.% bioethanol in gasoline), E5 and E10) in presence of water. The effect were evaluated behavior with phase separation test, simulation test of fuel tank in gas station according to water addition volume and it was investigated change of water content, bioethanol content and octane number for gasoline phase in bioethanol blends (E3, E5 and E10) every 1 week after water addition. The E3 occurred phase separation more easily than the E5 and E10 in small water contents because solubility of water on ethanol content difference in gasoline-ethanol. It was kept a initial level of water content, bioethanol content, and octane number by repeated sample replacing in simulation test of fuel tank.