• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1986

무우, 배추, 고추 등(等)의 채소작물(作物)에 대(對)한 관수효과(灌水效果)를 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 1979년(年)부터 1983년(年)까지 본량(本良) 사양토(砂壤土)에서 무관수(無灌水), 관수점(灌水點) -3.0bar, -1.0bar, -0.5bar, -0.2bar로 하였을때 토양수분(土壤水分)의 변화양상(變化樣相)과 이에따른 작물(作物)의 양(養) 수분(水分) 흡수(吸收), 증발산량(蒸發散量)과 물이용효율(利用效率) 및 생육양상(生育樣相)과 수량(收量) 등(等)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 무관수시(無灌水時) 동일(同一)한 기상조건하(氣象條件下)에서 배추, 무우, 고추의 순(順)으로 한발(旱魃)을 받는 정도(程度)가 심(甚)하였다. 2. 토양수분함량(土壤水分含量)이 많을수록 봄채소에 있어 토양온도(土壤溫度)의 지나친 상승을 억제시켜 주었다. 3. 관수(灌水)에 의(依)해 토양수분(土壤水分)potential이 높을수록 엽수분함량(葉水分含量) 및 무기양분(無機養分)의 흡수량(吸收量)이 증가(增加)하였다. 4. 토양수분(土壤水分)potential이 높을수록 물소모량(消耗量)은 증가(增加)하였으며, 물소모량(消耗量)이 어느 정도(程度)까지 증가(增加)할수록 물이용효율(利用效率)도 증가(增加)하였으나 그 이상(以上)에서는 감소(減少)하는 경향이었다. 5. 토양수분(土壤水分)potential이 20~30cm 깊이에서 -1.7bar 이하(以下)로 유지될 때 봄배추의 생장량(生長量) 증가(增加)는 거의 없었다. 6. 작물별(作物別) 최대수량(最犬收量)을 나타낸 관수점(灌水點)은 배추 -0.2bar, 무우 -0.5bar, 고추 -0.2~0.5bar 이었으며, 관수(灌水)에 의(依)한 증수효과(增收效果)는 봄배추에서 가장 컸었다. 7. 적정관수(適正灌水) (-0.2~-0.5bar)에 의(依)해 증수(增收)는 물론 품질향상(品質向上)의 효과(效果)가 컸었다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2015

자연 전위(SP, self-potential)의 발생에는 여러 요인이 있으나 이 연구에서는 지하수의 유동에 의해 자연적으로 발생하는 유동 전위(streaming potential) 또는 전기역학적 전위(electrokinetic potential)에 대해 주로 논의한다. 유동 전위는 다공질 매질에서의 물의 흐름에 의해 인공적인 전류원 없이 전류가 발생하여 야기된 전위이다. 기존의 유동 전위를 이용한 지열 저류층 해석에서는 지표면 전위 분포 계산을 위해 일반적으로 시추공에서 주입되거나 생산되는 지하수로부터 발생하는 SP 이상만을 고려하였고, 온도 차이가 나는 지열 저류층에서의 지열수 순환에 따라 발생할 수 있는 SP에 대한 수치 모델링에는 한계가 있었다. 이에 따라 사면체 요소를 바탕으로 한 3차원 전기비저항 유한요소법에 기초하여 지열 저류층 내에서의 주입정, 생산정에 의한 SP 이상뿐만 아니라 지열 저류층에서의 지열수 순환에 따른 SP 이상까지 고려할 수 있는 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발한 알고리듬을 검증 한 후, 간단한 지열 저류층 모델에 지열수 주입과 양수의 효과에 의한 SP 이상대의 SP 반응을 분석하였다. 향후 개발한 알고리듬을 이용하여 지층의 물성을 고려한 지열수 유동 속도 등도 고려함으로써 보다 심도 있게 지열 저류층 SP 반응을 분석하고자 한다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 수도수 중에서 Mg합금유전양극에 의한 연강재 온수보일러의 음극방식특성을 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 온수보일러 관체의 개로전위에서나 전위가 높은 구간에서 모재의 부식전류밀도가 용접부위의 부식전류밀도보다 더 적게 배류된다. 2) 주조된 표면 그대로의 Mg합금 유전양극의 전류밀도는 주조된 표면을 연마한 상태의 Mg합금 유전양극의 전류밀도보다 더 많이 배류된다. 3) Mg합금 유전양극으로부터 거리가 멀어질수록 연강재 온수보일러의 음극방식전위는 높게 나타나고, 음극방식시간이 경과하면서 방식전위는 높게 나타나다가 6-10일 이후부터 방식전위는 안정되고 있다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.506-515
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• 2003

이 논문은 한발저항성이 다른 6개 보리 품종의 한발에 따른 생장, 잎의 수분포텐셜(leaf water potential, LWP), 상대함수량(leaf relative water content, RWC), 삼투압(leaf osmotic potential, OP), 삼투조정(osmotic adjustment, OA), 팽압(leaf turgor pressure, LTP), 순광합섬, 기공전도도, 엽육전도도, 엽록소형광 등의 변화를 조사하여 비교한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 한발 처리시 토양수분포텐셜은 -0.05㎫이었고. 종료시에는 -0.29㎫로 저하하였다. Dicktoo-S 동보리 1호, Dicktoo-L, Dicktoo-T, 수원쌀보리 365호, 탑골보리 품종의 한발처리구 건물중은 각각 대조구(처리기간종 -0.05㎫ 유지)에 비하여 68%, 69%, 70%, 86%, 55%, 37%를 나타내어 Dicktoo 계통과 동보리1호의 한발저항성이 강하였고, 수원쌀보리 365호와 탑골보리는 한발저항성이 약하였다. 2. 한발저항성이 강한 품종은 삼투조정능력이 커서 한발처리에 따른 RWC와 LWP의 저하가 작았고 팽압유지능력이 컸다. 3. 한발처리에 따라 순광합성이 저하하였고 그 저하정도는 한발저항성이 큰 품종이 작았는데, 이는 한발저항성이 큰 품종이 기공전도도, 엽육전도도 및 PSII 최대양자수율(Fv/Fm)의 저하가 적었기 때문이었다. 4. 결론적으로 저항성이 큰 품종은 삼투조정에 의한 수분유지능력이 크고 이에 따라 광합성저하가 적어 상대적으로 생장의 감소가 적은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.689-696
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• 2008

In a water treatment process a complete and homogeneous dispersion of the coagulants in the raw water could be most important factor. This research was performed to evaluate coagulation performance of the in-line-orifice mixer which was recently introduced as a rapid mixing device. The test was to determine the actual coagulant dispersion distribution on the overall cross-section at a distance of 1.6~3D from the chemical injection point by measuring zeta potential. From the results of zeta potential test, it was shown that the coagulant dispersion within the in-line orifice mixer was occurred very unevenly. The results have confirmed that it is necessary to increase the velocity of coagulants injection or pressurized water rates, in order to reduce nonuniform distribution of chemicals.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.175-180
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to determine an algorithm for estimating agricultural water demand of remote sites using remote sensing data and to apply it to Hwanghae South Province and estimate the present and potential water demand for agriculture use. 3 Landsat-5 TM images and DEM(100${\times}$100mm) were used for classification of the existing land cover and land suitability analysis for paddy fields. Also, 20 years meteorological data of North Korea were used for calculating the potential evapotranspiration by Blaney-Criddle eq. and net water demand. The results showed that the present and potential agricultural water demand and the developable area for paddy fields is about 89,300㏊.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.31-41
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• 1986

Knowledge of the degree of yield reduction due to water stress at different crop growth stages in rice production is important for rational scheduling of irrigation during periods of insufficient water supply. Previous studies to determine the degree of yield reduction duo to water stress suffered from interruptions by rain during experiment. Also the findings did rot relate the degree of water stress to the soil water potential and water deficit status of rice plants. In this study, two years experiments were conducted using the high yielding rice varieties, an Indica x Japonica (Nampoong) and a Japonica variety(Choochung). These were grown in 1/200$^{\circ}$ plastic pots placed under a rainfall autosensing, sliding clear plastic roof facility to control rainfall interruptions. The results obtained were as follows. 1.The two varieties differed in the growth stage most sensitive to water stress as well as the degree of yield reductions. When rice plants were stressed to the leaf rolling score 4 and soil water potential of about - 20 bar at major crop growth stages which included heading, booting, non-effective tillering, panicle initiation and early tillering stages, the yield reductions in the Indica x Japonica variety were 58%, 34%, 27%, 22%, and 21%, respectively, whereas in the Japonica vairety they were 23%, 36%, 1%, 13% and 22%, respectively. This result show that the recommended drainage during non-effective tillering is valid only for the Japonica variety. Sufficient irrigation at booting, heading and early tillering stages are necessary for both varieties. 2.The two varieties showed visible wilting symptoms when the soil water potential dropped to about - 3.0 bar. The Japonica variety showed more leaf rolling than the Indica X Japonica. However, it had a higher retention of leaf water content and greater stomatal diffusive resistance. When the soil water potential dropped, the Japonica variety showed leaf rolling score (LRS) 1 at 0 soil-5. 0 bar and LRS 2 at 0 soil -6.0 bar while the Indica X Japonica showed LRS 1 at 0 soil - 5.5 bar and LRS 2at 0 Soil - 9.0 bar. The stomatal diffusive resistance was maximum at the second top leaf blade in both varieties at intermediate water stress of 0 soil - 4.5 bar. 3.The number of days that was required for the soil water potential to drop to-3. 0 bar and to - 20.0 bar after drainage of irrigation water from the 20cm deep silty clay loam soil in the pots were 6 and 13 days, respectively for booting stage, and 7 and 11 days, respectively for heading stage, 9 and 12 days, respectively for panicle initiation stage, and 12 and 19 days, respectively for early tillering stage. 4.Water stress during the early tillering stage recorded the longest delay in beading time, the largest reduction in panicle numbers and a substantial yield decrease of 20%. This calls for better water management to ensure the availability of water at this stage, particularly during drought periods. In addition, a reexamination of the conventional inter-drainage practice during the non-effective tillering stage is necessary for the high yielding Indica X Japonica varieties.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2006

To investigate inflow path of the East Sea Intermediate Water (ESIW) into the Ulleung Basin, hydrographic data surveyed in July 2005 were analyzed. The ESIW was characterized by the Salinity Minimum Layer (SML) within a depth range of 100 to 360 meters. Averaged potential temperature and salinity of the SML were $1.835^{\circ}C$ and 34.049 psu, respectively. Mean potential density $({\sigma}_{\theta})$ of the SML was 27.221 with a standard deviation of 0.0393. On isopycnal surfaces of 27.14 and 27.18 $({\sigma}_{\theta})$ which correspond to upper layers of the ESIW, the coastal low salinity water was separated from the offshore low salinity water by the relatively warm and saline water which might be affected by the Tsushima Warm Current Water. Relatively cold and fresh water, however, intruded into the Ulleung Basin from the region of Korean coast on isopycnal surfaces of 27.22 and 27.26 which was lower layer of the ESIW. The salinity distribution in the isopycnal layer of $27.14{\sim}27.26$ with acceleration potential on 27.22 up surface also showed clearly that the low salinity water flowed from the coastal area and intruded into the Ulleung Basin. This implies that the ESIW flows ken the north to the south along the east coasts of Korea and spreads into the Ulleung Basin in summer.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2005

Most experimental studies available in the literature on filtration are based on observed average zeta potential of particles (usually 10 measurements). However, analyses of data using the average zeta potential alone can lead to misleading and erroneous conclusions about the attachment behavior because of the variation of particle zeta potentials and the heterogeneous distribution of the collector surface charge. To study characteristics of zeta potential, zeta potential distributions (ZPDs) of silica particles under 9 different chemical conditions were investigated. Contrary to many researchers’ assumptions, most of the ZPDs of silica particles were broad. The solids concentration removal was better near the isoelectric point (IEP) as many researchers have noticed, thus proper destabilization of particles is very important to achieve better particle removal in particle separation processes. While, the mean zeta potential of silica particles at a given coagulant dose was a function of particle concentration; the amount of needed coagulant for particle destabilization was proportional to the total surface charge area of particles in the suspension.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.541-547
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• 2015

Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) including trihalomethans (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) from chlorination of six different species (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp., Anabaena cylindrical, Microcystis aeruginosa, Asterionella formosa and Aulacoseira sp.) of algal extracellular organic matter (EOM). The EOM characteristics evaluation of six algal species reaching at the stationary phase in the growth curve showed most of its SUVA254 showed below 1 and this means hydrophilic organic matter is much higher than hydrophobic organic matter. Chloroform formation potential (CFFP), dichloroacetic acid formation potential (DCAAFP) and trichloroacetic acid formation potential (TCAAFP) were mainly composed of THMFP and HAAFP in the EOM of various algal species. In the case of THMFP/DOC and HAAFP/DOC values, EOM of blue-green algae has appeared highest and EOM of green algae and diatom in order. THMFP/DOC was higher than HAAFP/DOC in EOM of blue-green algae. In comparison of formation potential by unit DOC composed of HAAFP in algal species EOM, DCAAFP/DOC was 1.5 times to 7.5 time higher than TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of blue-green algae, while DCAAFP/DOC was found to be relatively high compared to TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of green algae and diatom.